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norskMastergradsoppgaver i teknologi - energi, klima og miljø: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 61-80 av 139
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Ice-water Classification in the Barents Sea from Sentinel-1 EW SLC Images
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)The focus of this thesis is to do ice-water classification on Sentinel-1 EW SLC imagery using an unsupervised Mixture of Gaussian segmentation algorithm. The classes are automatically labelled as sea ice or water based on the slope of the observed brightness decay from near- to far-range, which is different for sea ice and water. The aim of the thesis is twofold. In the first part, the ability of ... -
On the relationship between global mean temperature in historical runs of Earth system models and equilibrium climate sensitivity
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) measures the long-term global surface temperature response due to a doubling of CO2 in the atmosphere. Estimates of ECS is not well constrained, 1.5-4.5C [Pachauri et al., 2014], and there is a wide spread between different Earth system models (ESMs). Recently it has been suggested that ECS can be constrained using an observed relationship between the statistical ... -
Target Decomposition of Quad-Polarimetric SAR Images as an Unmixing Problem
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-05-31)Classic target decomposition methods use scattering space in their approaches. However, the goal for this project is to investigate whether a different approach to retrieve accurate and reliable estimates on the earth composition is possible when using the feature space with covariance matrix-based features. The approach consists of four steps. Generating multidimensional feature space data from ... -
Forbedret tilstandsovervåkning av bærelager i Sjona kraftverk ved digitalisering
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-06-01)Økt konkurranse fra andre fornybare energikilder, økt energibehov og økt behov for reguleringsevne stiller stadig større krav til eksisterende og nye vannkraftverk. Vannkraftsektoren har de siste hundre årene ikke opplevd reell konkurranse fra andre teknologier her til lands, og har derfor ikke blitt tvunget til innovasjon og nytenking i samme grad som andre deler av kraftnæringen. De siste årene ... -
Remote Sensing of Coastal Waters
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-03-01)The coastal areas outside Lofoten, Vesterålen and Senja, in the northern Norwegian coast, are known for their incredible nature, majestic mountains and unique fishing communities. This coastal area is known for high marine productivity and an important marine environment, being the home for valuable fish stocks including pollock, haddock, herring and cod. To study the characteristics of coastal ... -
Evaluation of Speckle Variance, Higher Moments and Their Dependence on Incidence Angle.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-12-14)This thesis investigates speckle properties from Sentinel-1 GRDM data to explore its dependency of incidence angle. The data is processed using the SNAP-tool such that a uniform region can be selected and estimation of speckle variance, skewness and kurtosis can be carried out. These speckle properties are calculated over ocean and sea ice for comparison and modeled to fit a regression line. Hypothesis ... -
On Atmospheric Energy Transport by Waves
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-12-14)Recently a new method, based on a Fourier decomposition in the zonal direction, for studying the atmospheric energy transport contribution by planetary and cyclone scale waves has been proposed. Recent studies based on this show that planetary waves contribute more than cyclone scale waves to the atmospheric energy transport into the Arctic. The planetary waves contribute to the Arctic amplification ... -
An integrated seismic and well data study of shallow fluid accumulations in Snøhvit, SW Barents Sea
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-07-12)In the vicinity of the Snøhvit hydrocarbon reservoir in the Hammerfest Basin a number of fluid flow phenomena occur, e.g. free gas accumulations, pockmarks and potential indicators of gas hydrates.The presence of shallow gas may cause major blowouts during drilling. To reduce the risk, it is important to locate the shallow gas and gas hydrates. CO2 has been injected into the Snøhvit reservoir since ... -
Iceberg Drift-Trajectory Modelling and Probability Distributions of the Predictions
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-29)Moving icebergs represent a major problem for shipping, as well as for oil and gas installations in ice infested waters. To be able to take actions against hazardous icebergs, it is necessary to develop models for prediction of iceberg drift trajectories. Many models have been developed in order to do so, using different approaches. These approaches can be divided into two main categories, dynamic ... -
Forest Health Monitoring by Detection of Biotic Agents in Satellite Images
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-01)Since 1999, the Pine Wood Nematode (PWN) has spread, infected and damaged growing areas of pine forest in Portugal. The pest is subject to strict quarantine measures, that require forest owners to register, fell and dispose of infected trees. As remote sensing from satellites provides repetitive and consistent data sets with high temporal resolution and large spatial coverage, a surveillance based ... -
On the Feasibility of Using Twitter Data to Assess the Global Circulation Patterns of Influenza Viruses
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-01)Having the flu is something that everyone is familiar with, and the influenza season hits every year. The intensity and timing vary from year to year driven by climatic conditions and antigenic evolution, through mechanisms that are only partially understood. Most research agree that the virus originates in East and South-East (E-SE) Asia and spread throughout the world through human movement. In ... -
Constraining Transient Climate Response Using the Historical Temperature Record
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-01)Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions alter the planet's energy balance and cause heating of the surface and oceans. Estimates of the implications of continued emissions are necessary to assess the severity of the situation. The transient climate response (TCR) is a measure of the climate's response to a continued increase in CO2 concentration, and indicates how much the temperature will increase ... -
SAR imaging and detection of partially coherent targets
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-23)A synthetic aperture radar (SAR) achieves a high azimuth resolution by illuminating targets with multiple pulses and using the Doppler history to synthesize a large antenna. When combining the pulses, it is normally assumed that the targets are stationary, and that their reflectivity is independent of time. The topic of this thesis is the processing of SAR images where the the targets have a ... -
The Cretaceous development of the Nordkapp Basin based on seismic interpretation
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-05-31)This thesis is focused on studying the development of the Nordkapp Basin during the Cretaceous Period. The basin is fault-controlled and is strongly influenced by salt tectonics. The basin is divided into two parts, which differs both in the average width and direction of their elongation. Moreover, the salt structures in the northeast and southwest parts of the basin also follow the trends in width ... -
Comparing sea ice areas identified within quad-polarimetry high-resolution SAR satellite scenes with the same areas in dual-polarimetry medium resolution SAR scenes
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-01)This thesis compares polarimetric features from quad-polarimetric (quad-pol) SAR (synthetic aperture radar) data and emulated dual-polarimetric (dual-pol) SAR data to investigate the information captured over sea ice areas located in the Barents Sea. The polarimetric features of entropy (H) and mean alpha, and the H/mean alpha-plot is compared, as well as the cross-polarizarion ratio and the damping ... -
The Future of Solar Energy in Marine Applications
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-01)The objective of this master's thesis is to investigate the current and future technical and economic feasibility of PV systems for marine applications. Two scenarios will be studied; a land-based PV power station to supply an in-land ferry in Norway and a PV system installed on a wind farm support vessel as a supplementary power source. The two scenarios are use cases that support the two research ... -
A Sensitivity Study of L-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar Measurements to the Internal Variations and Evolving Nature of Oil Slicks
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-01)This thesis focuses on the use of multi-polarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for characterization of marine oil spills. In particular, the potential of detecting internal zones within oil slicks in SAR scenes are investigated by a direct within-slick segmentation scheme, along with a sensitivity study of SAR measurements to the evolving nature of oil slicks. A simple, k-means clustering ... -
Classification of Marine Oil Spills and Look-alikes in Sentinel-1 TOPSAR and Radarsat-2 ScanSAR Images
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-01)The main focus of this thesis is to investigate the potential for discrimination between marine oil spills and look-alikes in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, using log-cumulants and other parameters describing the characteristics of a dark feature. Look-alikes denotes other phenomena known to cause similar SAR signatures as mineral oil. It is vital for the companies managing oil detection ... -
An evaluation of the reanalyses ERA-Interim and ERA5 in the Arctic using N-ICE2015 data
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-15)The Arctic climate has changed considerably in the last few decades. Hence, a large fraction of the current studies of the Arctic climate relies on global atmospheric reanalyses, due to the shortage of meteorological observations in the Arctic. However, global climate models have shown to struggle with simulating the current conditions in the Arctic region. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to ... -
Seasonal energy storage for district heating applications, including simulation and analysis of Borehole Thermal Energy Storage systems
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2018-06-18)The objective of this thesis is to analyse different energy storage technologies for seasonal energy storage in combination with district heating. Tromsø receives district heating (Kvitebjørn Varme). Their new heating central at Skattøra burn waste from industry and households in Tromsø and this heat is used to heat water. A part of this excess heat is lost to air during summer because of a lower ...
