Utilizing batteries in the Norwegian distribution grid
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https://hdl.handle.net/10037/30102Dato
2023-06-04Type
Master thesisMastergradsoppgave
Forfatter
Eidissen, MagnusSammendrag
Recent research indicates that photovoltaic (PV) induced overvoltage can occur in high PVpenetration low voltage distribution networks, due to reverse power flow from power injected
to the grid. Since January 2020, the number of PV installations in Norway has seen a 2.7-fold
increase in a rising trend. Simultaneously there have been several reports of grid-overvoltage
and PV curtailment in the relation of grid-connected PV systems. This study aims to
investigate the effects of batteries on peak injected power to the grid in Norwegian conditions.
Further, an economic evaluation is done for different battery usage scenarios, including PV
power self-consumption, peak shaving for reduced grid fee cost and arbitrage trading. Finally,
the study investigates what regulation measures that must be in place, to make PV battery
energy storage systems more profitable than PV-only systems. The study confirms that
batteries can be used to reduce overvoltage, also in Norwegian conditions. Additionally, the
findings indicates that for all scenarios investigated, batteries can only be considered
profitable using electricity prices from 2022 averaging at 3.88 NOK/kWh, including taxes, in
the NO1 price area. Conclusively, battery subsidies of 2666 NOK/kWh capped at 47500 NOK
in combination with a fixed feed-in tariff of 30% is suggested, and the findings shows that for
most scenarios, such a change in legislation would make batteries a more favourable
investment than PV, if a PV-system already is installed.
Forlag
UiT The Arctic University of NorwayUiT Norges arktiske universitet
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