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dc.contributor.authorZhang, Shun-Rong
dc.contributor.authorNishimura, Yukitoshi
dc.contributor.authorVierinen, Juha-Pekka
dc.contributor.authorLyons, Larry R.
dc.contributor.authorKnipp, Delores J.
dc.contributor.authorGustavsson, Björn Johan
dc.contributor.authorWaghule, Bhagyashree V.
dc.contributor.authorErickson, Philip J.
dc.contributor.authorCoster, Anthea J.
dc.contributor.authorAa, Ercha
dc.contributor.authorSpicher, Andres
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-20T12:24:46Z
dc.date.available2023-12-20T12:24:46Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-29
dc.description.abstractA new observational phenomenon, named Simultaneous Global Ionospheric Density Disturbance (SGD), is identified in GNSS total electron content (TEC) data during periods of three typical geospace disturbances: a Coronal Mass Ejection-driven severe disturbance event, a high-speed stream event, and a minor disturbance day with a maximum Kp of 4. SGDs occur frequently on dayside and dawn sectors, with a ∼1% TEC increase. Notably, SGDs can occur under minor solar-geomagnetic disturbances. SGDs are likely caused by penetration electric fields (PEFs) of solar-geomagnetic origin, as they are associated with Bz southward, increased auroral AL/AU, and solar wind pressure enhancements. These findings offer new insights into the nature of PEFs and their ionospheric impact while confirming some key earlier results obtained through alternative methods. Importantly, the accessibility of extensive GNSS networks, with at least 6,000 globally distributed receivers for ionospheric research, means that rich PEF information can be acquired, offering researchers numerous opportunities to investigate geospace electrodynamics.en_US
dc.identifier.citationZhang, Nishimura, Vierinen, Lyons, Knipp, Gustavsson, Waghule, Erickson, Coster, Aa, Spicher. Simultaneous Global Ionospheric Disturbances Associated With Penetration Electric Fields During Intense and Minor Solar and Geomagnetic Disturbances. Geophysical Research Letters. 2023;50(19)en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2193941
dc.identifier.doi10.1029/2023GL104250
dc.identifier.issn0094-8276
dc.identifier.issn1944-8007
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/32179
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.relation.journalGeophysical Research Letters
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2023 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleSimultaneous Global Ionospheric Disturbances Associated With Penetration Electric Fields During Intense and Minor Solar and Geomagnetic Disturbancesen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)