Navigating the Future of Energy in Norway: Regulatory, Procedural, and Transparency Challenges in Nuclear Power Implementation

Abstract

Norway is in the crossroads of an energy transition, while it is in need for extensive power production to not reach a power deficit in the coming years. War in Europe, decommissioning the petroleum sector, and investing in green energy sources, comes with a price. Energy projects are conflict-ridden, and many local communities experience decreased acceptance for new technologies. This study looks at what procedures and regulations are present in Norway, how they can be used in the nuclear sector, and how justice is ensured in the processes used to implement energy technologies. I answer the problem statement: "How can Norway ensure a legitimate and transparent process with regards to the implementation of nuclear power, with the goal of enhancing the energy security?". The study is based on eight semi-structured interviews with informants from the public and private sector, in addition to a literature review of relevant articles. The study’s conclusion is that Norway has many of the regulations that are needed, but that they need revision and to be better incorporated in the legal framework. Additionally, the regulatory body needs strengthening, in the form of increased competency and more personnel. There is currently not a political green light for nuclear power in Norway, which seems to be the biggest obstacle as of now. Further, Norway needs to better their practices when it comes to inclusion and local acceptance, which is currently lacking.