Viser treff 251-270 av 271

    • Tangled up in prices going up and down: price determination in selected agri-food markets 

      Kidane, Dejene Gizaw (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-05-02)
      <p>The dissertation includes four papers altogether. Three papers examine mechanisms for price transmission between markets. Among them, one deals with price transmission along the supply chain, and the other two deal with price transmission across spatially distinct markets. The fourth paper measures the effects of demand shifts on the market price equilibrium. <p>Paper 1 investigates price ...
    • Taxonomic and functional approaches of trophic interactions between large herbivores and plant communities in a mountain ecosystem 

      Bison, Marjorie (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2015-12-08)
      Given the key role of large herbivores on species and functional plant diversity, we aimed at better understanding the relationship between herbivory and plant communities mainly at a fine-scale, in order to reconcile objectives of population management and plant conservation. For this purpose, we used both taxonomic and functional approaches, and studied interactions at the inter- and intra-specific ...
    • Technology transfer and R&D policy in a knowledge-based society 

      Michalsen, Anita (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-01)
      Abstract My thesis focuses on technology transfer and innovation policy in a knowledge-based society. In particular, I analyse the firms’ incentives to invest in research and development (R&D), the transfer of technological knowledge to a rival and government stimulation of R&D investment. Further, I analyse the incentives to engage in R&D cooperation in different market structures. By coordinating ...
    • Topics on market microstructure and asset pricing using intraday data from the Oslo stock market. 

      Dinh, Minh Thi Hong (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-08-23)
      What drives asset prices in the financial market? How can we predict these prices? Finding the relationship between different factors or between different variables could help to answer these questions. First, links between asset pricing models and other market microstructure variables can be used to investigate sources to explain asset prices. Second, rapid changes in the microstructure ...
    • Towards a framework to guide and facilitate interdisciplinary social-ecological system research in practice. 

      Weber, Charlotte Teresa (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-27)
      Social-ecological systems (SES) consist of a social and an ecological system that are linked through a complex interplay of social and ecological processes. SES can be studied through SES research, which has become increasingly important because it is thought that it can potentially address and solve many societal challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity, and habitat degradation. SES ...
    • Towards mass cultivation of diatoms as a source of marine lipids 

      Svenning, Jon Brage (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-04-23)
      The global demand for the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA is increasing, and the traditional sources of these fatty acids, fish oils, are no longer able to sustain the demand. This shortage is mainly a result of the surging requirement of EPA and DHA as ingredients in fish feed for aquaculture, and as dietary supplements for human consumption. As a result, there is an increased interest ...
    • A trait-based assessment of the Barents Sea fish community: implications for vulnerability under environmental change 

      Wiedmann, Magnus Aune (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-06-06)
      SUMMARY This is a study of the fish community in the Barents Sea and its vulnerability to disturbance such as fishing and climate change. The vulnerability of the fish community depends on its sensitivity to, and adaptability under, stress. To assess these two components of vulnerability, I have combined survey data from the Barents Sea with information about the species properties (i.e., ...
    • Trophic relationships and the role of Calanus in the oceanic ecosystems south and north of Iceland 

      Pétursdóttir, Hildur (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-12-03)
      The waters south and north of Iceland vary greatly both oceanographically and biologically with the rather stable and warm Atlantic waters south and west of Iceland and the more variable and cold Arctic and sub-Arctic waters, north and east of Iceland. The aim of this study was to increase the knowledge on the role of Calanus copepods and trophic relations of the key components of the oceanic ...
    • Tundra vegetation ecology from the sky - Aerial images and photogrammetry as tools to monitor landscape change 

      Eischeid, Isabell (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-05-24)
      Long-term temperature increases, higher frequencies of extreme weather events and changes in food web structures will all affect the state of Arctic tundra ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales. Ecologists are tasked with understanding these biotic and abiotic interactions and finding methods to measure them. This thesis applies new technology and methods within the principles of ...
    • Two pawns in their game - Inventory and customer efficiency 

      Breivik, Jørgen (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-01-16)
      This thesis examines efficiency in the retail industry in two different directions. In the first setting, the link between inventory efficiency and performance is examined in relation to firm characteristics and exogenous explanatory variables. More specifically, in addition to general firm-specific characteristics, the effects of chain affiliation and time trends within retail chains is examined. ...
    • Understanding and forecasting population dynamics in changing arctic ecosystems 

      Marolla, Filippo (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2020-10-21)
      Rapid environmental changes are currently occurring in the Arctic because of global warming. Arctic food webs can exhibit complex dynamics because of the prevalence of tight interactions between trophic levels. Climate change impacts can therefore propagate across food webs and result in non-trivial indirect effects on arctic species and populations. In this thesis, constituted by four papers, I ...
    • Understanding and practising market orientation : exploring how managers cope in turbulent environments 

      Ottesen, Geir Grundvåg (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2001-11-23)
      Ottesens doktorgrad fokuserer på hva det innebærer å være markedsorientert for bedrifter i fiskerinæringen. I næringsmessige debatter blir det ofte påpekt at norsk fiskeindustri må bli mer markedsorientert. Mens begrepet markedsorientering har blitt et moteord som brukes av både politikere og næringsliv, blir det sjelden klargjort hva dette innebærer. Resultatene fra avhandlingen avdekker hvordan ...
    • Understanding researchers’ intention and habit regarding publishing in open access journals 

      Moksness, Lars (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2018-12-13)
      Scholarly publishing is the vessel for the dissemination of research articles. Contemporary scholarly publishing is achieved by two main models, open access (OA) and non-open access (non-OA). OA refers to articles that are available at no cost to the end-user; however, authors may incur a fee for accepted manuscripts. Non-OA articles are available at a cost, either via subscriptions or via individual ...
    • Understanding winter patterns of zooplankton Diel Vertical Migration (DVM) in a high Arctic fjord (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard) 

      Grenvald, Julie Cornelius (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2017-05-09)
      Recent Arctic studies contradict a long-held paradigm of winter quiescence by documenting activity at many trophic levels in the marine food web even during the darkest months of winter. Previous studies have failed to identify which species are performing patterns of vertical migrations during polar night in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard). In the present study, acoustic data supplemented by zooplankton ...
    • Upstream vertical integration and financial performance : the case of the Norwegian fish processing industry 

      Isaksen, John R. (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2007-06-08)
      In this thesis, four different articles address the correlation between vertical integration and profitability in the Norwegian fish processing industry. By vertical integration we mean the ownership and control of one firm over different stages in the value chain. Firms within this industry consider the uncertain supply of fish as a main challenge. Literature prescribes vertical integration as an ...
    • The use of stated preferences and bio-economic modeling in marine ecosystem service management: Case studies from Arctic Norway 

      Ahi, Julide Ceren (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-06-09)
      <p>Regarding the growing population and escalated development on the coasts, the environmental policymakers often face the dilemma of exploiting or protecting marine and coastal ecosystem services (ES). Therefore, the non-market valuation has become an essential instrument for supporting policymakers in eliciting preferences and welfare estimates regarding various ES, which further feed into the ...
    • Valuing Unfamiliar and Complex Ecosystem Services: The influence of survey mode, knowledge and dishonesty 

      Sandorf, Erlend Dancke (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2016-08-15)
      Increasing demand for valuation of ecosystem services has led stated preference methods to be applied to public goods that are increasingly complex and unfamiliar. Traditionally, stated preference surveys were conducted via mail or face-to-face interviews, but over the past two decades internet panels have been used to a larger extent. As we move away from traditional methods of survey administration ...
    • Vertical Carbon Export in a Changing Arctic Seasonal Ice Zone: Composition and seasonality in the area north of Svalbard and in an Arctic glacial fjord 

      Dybwad, Christine (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-12-11)
      The ocean’s biological carbon pump (BCP) is a vital part of the global carbon cycle as it produces, transforms, and transfers organic carbon from the surface ocean to the deep. To model the oceans capacity to store carbon today and in the future, we need to understand these processes well. In the Eurasian Arctic, the marine ecosystems who control most of the BCP face a rapid decline in sea ice cover, ...
    • Vole population cycles and the role of colonisation 

      Glorvigen, Petter (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-12-06)
      The multiannual population cycles in small rodents have triggered an intense debate between proponents of population-intrinsic and community-extrinsic factors as the cycle generating mechanisms. A well-known challenge is the apparent absence of vole individuals during the low phase of the population cycle and the fact that most studies addressing vole and lemming behaviour and demography are conducted ...
    • Why do Prices Change? An Analysis of Supply and Demand Shifts and Price Impacts in the Farmed Salmon Market 

      Brækkan, Eivind Hestvik (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2014-09-01)
      Price changes in any market are essentially due to shifts in supply relative to demand. In a global market there can be several simultaneous supply and demand shifts in different geographical locations, all affecting prices to different extents. This dissertation focuses on procedures for measuring such shifts and their relative effects on prices by looking at the global market for farmed salmon ...