Fakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1301-1320 of 5180
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Native range estimates for red-listed vascular plants
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-29)Besides being central for understanding both global biodiversity patterns and associated anthropogenic impacts, species range maps are currently only available for a small subset of global biodiversity. Here, we provide a set of assembled spatial data for terrestrial vascular plants listed at the global IUCN red list. The dataset consists of pre-defned native regions for 47,675 species, density ... -
A host-free transcriptome for haustoriogenesis in Cuscuta campestris: signature gene expression identifies markers of successive development stages
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-20)The development of the infection organ of the parasitic angiosperm genus Cuscuta is a dynamic process that is normally obscured from view as it happens endophytically in its host. We artificially induced haustoriogenesis in C. campestris by far-red light to define specific morphologically different stages and analyze their transcriptional patterns. This information enabled us to extract sets of ... -
Net heterotrophy in High Arctic first-year and multi-year spring sea ice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-04)The net productivity of sea ice is determined by the physical and geochemical characteristics of the ice–ocean system and the activity of organisms inhabiting the ice. Differences in habitat suitability between first-year and multi-year sea ice can affect the ice algal community composition and acclimation state, introducing considerable variability to primary production within each ice type. In ... -
Mass Cultivation of Microalgae: I. Experiences with Vertical Column Airlift Photobioreactors, Diatoms and CO2 Sequestration
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-17)From 2015 to 2021, we optimized mass cultivation of diatoms in our own developed vertical column airlift photobioreactors using natural and artificial light (LEDs). The project took place at the ferrosilicon producer Finnfjord AS in North Norway as a joint venture with UiT—The Arctic University of Norway. Small (0.1–6–14 m<sup>3</sup>) reactors were used for initial experiments and to produce inoculum ... -
Effect of the T90-codend on the catch quality of cod (Gadus morhua) compared to the conventional codend configuration in the Barents Sea bottom trawl fishery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-18)The aim of this study was to compare the catch quality of Northeast Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the Barents Sea bottom trawl fishery caught using the conventional configuration (a sorting grid followed by a diamond mesh (T0) codend) and a T90° turned mesh codend (T90) without a grid. Twenty hauls were conducted, consisting of 10 hauls with the conventional configuration and 10 hauls with the ... -
Smarte kontrakter kan hindre grønnvasking
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021)Evnen til å spore produktinformasjon har vært mulig gjennom ulike teknologier i årtier. Bidraget i denne artikkelen er å utvikle forståelsen av hvordan smarte kontrakter gjennom blokkjedeteknologien kan være en informasjonsgarantist i markeder preget av informasjonsasymmetri. Informasjon om bærekraft er et eksempel på et problem knyttet til informasjonsasymmetri. Smarte kontrakter i kombinasjon med ... -
A pioneering pest: the winter moth (Operophtera brumata) is expanding its outbreak range into Low Arctic shrub tundra
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-01)Climate warming allows generalist boreal consumers to expand into Arctic ecosystems. We present experimental and observational field data showing that a generalist boreal insect pest—the winter moth (Operophtera brumata Linnaeus, 1758)—is expanding its outbreak range out of the northern boreal mountain birch forest in northeast Fennoscandia and into the adjacent Low Arctic shrub tundra. This is the ... -
Introduction: Security and Military Power in the Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-09)For a long time, the Arctic has been regarded as a stable region with low tension. However, even though low tension prevails, it is a fact that the circumpolar region also encompasses some of the world’s most capable and potent military capabilities. The key role of the Arctic regarding security issues, international relations and geopolitics, is sometimes underplayed or not fully understood. These ... -
Crude oil exposure reduces ice algal growth in a sea-ice mesocosm experiment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-18)Oil production in Arctic ice-covered areas poses a risk for pollution of the ecosystem including that within the brine channel network of sea ice. Sea-ice autotrophs contribute substantially to Arctic primary production, but are inherently difficult to test for oil exposure responses in situ. This study had two objectives, first, we developed a suitable lab-based mesocosm system, second, we tested ... -
Why and how to regulate Norwegian salmon production? – The history of Maximum Allowable Biomass (MAB)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-05)Salmon farming has been a great success story in Norway over the last 50 years, but the industry is still much disputed. Right from the start, farmers were licensed, with a limit on total production. In addition, each site was regulated according to carrying capacity. Over the years, various management measures have been used to regulate both the total production and environmental conditions, before ... -
Food as a commodity, human right or common good
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-11)The European Commission’s recently published ‘Farm to Fork’ strategy seeks to facilitate a transition towards a sustainable food system. The strategy moves from a linear understanding of the food system towards a more circular view of the system’s complex interdependencies. Despite these laudable intentions, it does not follow the guidance of the EU’s Group of Chief Scientific Advisors that the ... -
The state and challenges of Arctic governance in an era of transformation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-17)The Arctic plays a central role in the Earth’s climate and an increasingly important role in international relations and politics. As the region undergoes profound transformation due to combined impacts of anthropogenic climate change and global economic forces, new questions of governance come to the forefront of debates about the future of the region. This primer provides an essential overview of ... -
Sustainable strategies for harvesting predators and prey in a fluctuating environment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-11-12)The effects of harvest and fluctuating environment on inter-dependent predators and prey are complex and not well-known. We define a stochastic model where the predators and prey dynamically interact. The novelty of the model holds on the fact that predators and prey dynamics are simultaneously affected by correlated environmental noises. Interacting predators and prey are harvested using a proportional ... -
Size selection and exploitation pattern of diamond mesh codends with different mesh sizes in demersal trawl fishery for banded scad (Caranx (Atule) kalla) in the South China Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-24)Size selection and exploitation pattern of diamond-mesh codends with different mesh sizes, 25 to 54 mm, for demersal trawl fishery targeting banded scad (Caranx (Atule) kalla) was tested and compared using the covered codend method in the South China Sea. Our results demonstrated that the selective parameters, L50 (50% retention length) and SR (selection range), would increase as the mesh sizes of ... -
Estimating overall size-selection pattern in the bottom trawl fishery for four economically important fish species in the Mediterranean Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-18)The management of multispecies fisheries, such as the Mediterranean bottom trawl fishery, is always a challenge. However, information on gear selectivity and discards has been studied separately so far. In this paper, the overall size-selection pattern by the trawl codend in the sea and by the fisher onboard the vessel is investigated for four commercially important fish species, Mullus barbatus, ... -
Reducing catch efficiency of rabbitfish (Siganus oramin) in a shrimp beam trawl fishery of the South China Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-07)The bycatch of unwanted fish species is a main concern in shrimp beam trawl fishery of the South China Sea. This study evaluated the effect of using combined square-mesh and diamond-mesh codends (CSDM codends) on catch efficiency of a shrimp trawl fishery with the catch comparison and catch ratio approach. The trouser trawl method was applied using the commercial 22-mm diamond mesh codend (D22) as ... -
Size selectivity and catch efficiency of diamond-mesh codends in demersal trawl fishery for conger pike (Muraenesox cinereus) of the South China Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-25)Size selectivity and catch efficiency of six diamond-mesh codends with different mesh sizes, 25–54 mm (termed as D25-D54), for conger pike (Muraenesox cinereus) were tested and compared using the covered codend method in the South China Sea (SCS). In order to address the present minimum mesh size (MMS) regulations of the trawl fishery for conger pike in the SCS, we quantified the selective properties ... -
Niche Conservatism Drives the Elevational Diversity Gradient in Major Groups of Free-Living Soil Unicellular Eukaryotes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-30)Ancestral adaptations to tropical-like climates drive most multicellular biogeography and macroecology. Observational studies suggest that this niche conservatism could also be shaping unicellular biogeography and macroecology, although evidence is limited to Acidobacteria and testate amoebae. We tracked the phylogenetic signal of this niche conservatism in far related and functionally contrasted ... -
Rent Generation Under the Norwegian Rights-Based Pelagic Fishery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-01)As a general rule, only active fishermen can own fishing boats for commercial fishing in Norway. Thus, vertical integration is not allowed. Accordingly, the Norwegian empirical context is exceptionally well suited to study actual rent creation as a potential resource rent can only accrue to the catch stage of the value chain. This paper examines profitability and rent generation of 35 seagoing ... -
Efficacy of Brucella abortus S19 and RB51 vaccine strains: A systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-30)This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to recalculate the efficacy of <i>Brucella abortus</i> S19 and RB51 vaccine strains and discuss the main variables associated with controlled trials to evaluate bovine brucellosis vaccine efficacy (VE). The most commonly used vaccine strain was S19, at a dose of 10<sup>10</sup> colony forming units (CFU), followed by RB51 at 10<sup>10</sup> CFU. The ...