Fakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Nye registreringer
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Trophic niche segregation among native whitefish and invasive vendace in a north Norwegian lake system
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-07)Introductions and invasions of non-native species alter nutrient cycling and trophic dynamics resulting in significant ecological disturbance. Stable isotope data were used to test for evidence of invader-induced trophic niche differences in a north Norwegian lake system differentially dominated by native European whitefish (<i>Coregonus lavaretus</i>) morphotypes and invasive vendace (<i>Coregonus ... -
Exploring Perspectives of the Validity, Legitimacy and Acceptability of Environmental Valuation using Q Methodology
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12)The extension of market systems and economic appraisal methods to the natural world and allocation of scarce resources is highly controversial and viewed by some as unethical. This has resulted in questions about the appropriate role of valuation and appraisal methods in informing policy and decision-making. We address this issue by assessing the different points of view that exist in marine research, ... -
Environmental Filtering Influences Functional Community Assembly of Epibenthic Communities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-10)Community assembly theory states that species assemble non-randomly as a result of dispersal limitation, biotic interactions, and environmental filtering. Strong environmental filtering likely leads to local assemblages that are similar in their functional trait composition (high trait convergence) while functional trait composition will be less similar (high trait divergence) under weaker ... -
Citizens in the Lab: Performance and Validation of eDNA Results
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-16)Citizen Science has traditionally been applied in biodiversity monitoring, as the approach holds the potential for conducting large-scale data collections. However, involving citizens in more than data collection is still in its infancy. In this paper, we present the results of an ongoing citizen science project that expands the partnership between citizens and researchers by involving citizens in ... -
The Global Soil Mycobiome consortium dataset for boosting fungal diversity research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-30)Fungi are highly important biotic components of terrestrial ecosystems, but we still have a very limited understanding about their diversity and distribution. This data article releases a global soil fungal dataset of the Global Soil Mycobiome consortium (GSMc) to boost further research in fungal diversity, biogeography and macroecology. The dataset comprises 722,682 fungal operational taxonomic ... -
Evidence for circadian-based photoperiodic timekeeping in Svalbard ptarmigan, the northernmost resident bird
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-29)The high Arctic archipelago of Svalbard (74°–81° north) experiences extended periods of uninterrupted daylight in summer and uninterrupted night in winter, apparently relaxing the major driver for the evolution of circadian rhythmicity. Svalbard ptarmigan (<i>Lagopus muta hyperborea</i>) is the only year-round resident terrestrial bird species endemic to the high Arctic and is remarkably adapted to ... -
Climate Mitigation through Biological Conservation: Extensive and Valuable Blue Carbon Natural Capital in Tristan da Cunha’s Giant Marine Protected Zone
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-16)Carbon-rich habitats can provide powerful climate mitigation if meaningful protection is put in place. We attempted to quantify this around the Tristan da Cunha archipelago Marine Protected Area. Its shallows (<1000 m depth) are varied and productive. The 5.4 km<sup>2 </sup>of kelp stores ~60 tonnes of carbon (tC) and may export ~240 tC into surrounding depths. In deep-waters we analysed seabed data ... -
The seasonal dynamics of a High Arctic plant–visitor network: temporal observations and responses to delayed snow melt
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-19)Plant–visitor food webs provide important insights into species interactions, and more information about their seasonal dynamics is vital to understanding the resilience of species to external pressures. Studies of Arctic networks can also improve our understanding of species responses to the pressures of climate change. This study provides the first description of a plant – insect visitor network ... -
The influence of snow properties on speed and gait choice in the Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-14)Substrate supportiveness is linked to the metabolic cost of locomotion, as it influences the depth to which the foot of a moving animal will sink. As track depth increases, animals typically reduce their speed to minimize any potential energetic imbalance. Here, we examine how self-selected speed in the Svalbard rock ptarmigan is affected by snow supportiveness and subsequent footprint depth measured ... -
Coastal Polynya Disrupts the Acoustic Backscatter Diurnal Signal Over the Eastern Laptev Sea Shelf
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-16)The diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton is one of the largest species migrations to occur globally and is a key driver of regional ecosystems and the marine carbon pump. The dramatic changes in the Arctic environment in recent years, mainly associated with sea-ice decline, may have wide significance for the Arctic shelf ecosystems including DVM. Observations have revealed the occurrence of ... -
A synoptic history of the development, production and environmental oversight of hydropower in Brazil, Canada, and Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-17)Sustainable global energy production is back-stopped by hydropower which is responsible for a significant share of the green energy produced worldwide. Hydropower, however, does not come without some environmental impacts but has worked to reduce those impacts. Here, we discuss the historical, legislative, and design configurations of hydropower facilities located in three of the world’s ... -
Population genetic structure of a major reef-building coral species Acropora downingi in northeastern Arabian Peninsula
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-03)Current seawater temperatures around the northeastern Arabian Peninsula resemble future global forecasts as temperatures [35 C are commonly observed in summer. To provide a more fundamental aim of understanding the structure of wild populations in extreme environmental conditions, we conducted a population genetic study of a widespread, regional endemic table coral species, Acropora downingi, ... -
Formation of Stanley Patch volcanic cone: New insights into the evolution of Deception Island caldera (Antarctica)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-16)Deception Island (South Shetland Islands) is one of the most active volcanoes in Antarctica, with more than 20 explosive eruptive events registered over the past centuries. Recent eruptions (1967, 1969, and 1970) and volcanic unrest episodes (1992, 1999, and 2014–2015) demonstrate that volcanic activity is likely occurring in the future. This is of special concern for scientists, logistic personnel, ... -
Can bryophyte groups increase functional resolution in tundra ecosystems?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-30)The relative contribution of bryophytes to plant diversity, primary productivity, and ecosystem functioning increases towards colder climates. Bryophytes respond to environmental changes at the species level, but because bryophyte species are relatively difficult to identify, they are often lumped into one functional group. Consequently, bryophyte function remains poorly resolved. Here, we explore ... -
Next-generation cophylogeny: unravelling eco-evolutionary processes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-07)A fundamental question in evolutionary biology is how microevolutionary processes translate into species diversification. Cophylogeny provides an appropriate framework to address this for symbiotic associations, but historically has been primarily limited to unveiling patterns. We argue that it is essential to integrate advances from ecology and evolutionary biology into cophylogeny, to gain ... -
Antioxidant Activities and Selenogene Transcription in the European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Liver Depend, in a Non-linear Manner, on the Se/Hg Molar Ratio of the Feeds
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-31)Feeding 3.9 and 6.7 mg Hg/kg (Se/Hg molar ratios of 0.8 and 0.4, respectively) for 14 days negatively afected Dicentrarchus labrax growth and total DNTB- and thioredoxin-reductase (TrxR) activities and the transcription of four redox genes (txn1, gpx1, txnrd3, and txnrd2) in the liver, but a diet with 0.5 mg Hg/kg (Se/Hg molar ratio 6.6) slightly increased both reductase activities and the ... -
Latitude dictates plant diversity effects on instream decomposition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-26)Running waters contribute substantially to global carbon fluxes through decomposition of terrestrial plant litter by aquatic microorganisms and detritivores. Diversity of this litter may influence instream decomposition globally in ways that are not yet understood. We investigated latitudinal differences in decomposition of litter mixtures of low and high functional diversity in 40 streams on 6 ... -
Mechanisms of temperature modulation in mammalian seasonal timing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-29)Global warming is predicted to have major effects on the annual time windows during which species may successfully reproduce. At the organismal level, climatic shifts engage with the control mechanism for reproductive seasonality. In mammals, laboratory studies on neuroendocrine mechanism emphasize photoperiod as a predictive cue, but this is based on a restricted group of species. In contrast, ... -
Climate change impacts on sea-ice ecosystems and associated ecosystem services
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-13)A rigorous synthesis of the sea-ice ecosystem and linked ecosystem services highlights that the sea-ice ecosystem supports all 4 ecosystem service categories, that sea-ice ecosystems meet the criteria for ecologically or biologically significant marine areas, that global emissions driving climate change are directly linked to the demise of sea-ice ecosystems and its ecosystem services, and that the ... -
Earlier Snowmelt Advances Breeding Phenology of the Common Frog (Rana temporaria) but Increases the Risk of Frost Exposure and Wetland Drying
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-03)The alarming decline of amphibians around the world calls for complementary studies to better understand their responses to climate change. In mountain environments, water resources linked to snowmelt play a major role in allowing amphibians to complete tadpole metamorphosis. As snow cover duration has significantly decreased since the 1970s, amphibian populations could be strongly impacted by climate ...