Fakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 1421-1440 av 5180
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Increased accessibility to primary health care due to nurse prescribing of medicines
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-28)Since January 2016, nurses and midwives in Poland have had the right, with some restrictions, to prescribe medicines. Consequently, Polish patients received the same opportunity as in other countries worldwide: easier access to certain health services, i.e., medical prescribing. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of structural changes which increased the nurses’ competences on the ... -
DNA metabarcoding reveals the importance of gelatinous zooplankton in the diet of Pandalus borealis, a keystone species in the Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-22)Information about the dietary composition of a species is crucial to understanding their position and role in the food web. Increasingly, molecular approaches such as DNA metabarcoding are used in studying trophic relationships, not least because they may alleviate problems such as low taxonomic resolution or underestimation of digestible taxa in the diet. Here, we used DNA metabarcoding with universal ... -
Long-distance particle transport to the central Ionian Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-14)Together with T –S properties, particle abundance in situ measurements are useful to discriminate water masses and derive circulation patterns. In the upper layers of the Ionian Sea, the fresher Atlantic Waters (AW) recently crossing the Sicily Channel meet the resident and saltier AW, which circulated cyclonically in the eastern basin and modified after evaporation and eventually cooling. In ... -
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Brucella Infection in Camels in the Puntland State of Somalia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-19)Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease caused by members of the genus Brucella. Camel brucellosis has been reported in almost all camel-rearing countries in Africa and Asia. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2020 and February 2021 in Galkayo, Garowe, and Bosaso districts in the Puntland State of Somalia to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis in ... -
Documenting the absence of bovine brucellosis in dairy cattle herds in the southern region of Malawi and the associated knowledge, attitudes and practices of farmers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-09)There is paucity of Brucella prevalence data in Malawi. For this reason, a cross-sectional study was conducted, from 06 January 2020 to 27 February 2020, to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in dairy cattle herds amongst smallholder farmers, government and private dairy farms in the southern region. A total of 529 serum samples were screened for anti-Brucella antibodies using the Rose Bengal ... -
Brucellosis in wildlife in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-16)This study aimed to consolidate current knowledge of wildlife brucellosis in Africa and to analyse available predictors of infection. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Information on species, test used, test results, area, rainfall, livestock and wildlife contact and year of study were extracted. This systematic review revealed 42 ... -
Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis in Selected Districts of Zambia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-03)Brucellosis is an infectious zoonosis that has huge economic and public health implications globally. The disease is prevalent in humans, livestock and wildlife in Sub-Saharan Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 6 May 2017 and 31 July 2020 during which 1712 sera from 175 cattle herds in five districts from Southern, Western and Eastern Provinces of Zambia were collected and screened ... -
Can bryophyte groups increase functional resolution in tundra ecosystems?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-30)The relative contribution of bryophytes to plant diversity, primary productivity, and ecosystem functioning increases towards colder climates. Bryophytes respond to environmental changes at the species level, but because bryophyte species are relatively difficult to identify, they are often lumped into one functional group. Consequently, bryophyte function remains poorly resolved. Here, we explore ... -
Mass strandings of seven toothed and baleen whale species in Northern Norway in March 2020 call for further investigation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-06)Monitoring whale strandings are a key aspect of ecosystem management as stranded animals can provide indications on ecosystem health, pollution and adverse efects due to anthropogenic activities. Most mass mortality events are reported for toothed whales and rarely involve baleen whales. In the course of one month in spring 2020, 17 whales belonging to seven diferent species, stranded on the ... -
Association between neighborhood health behaviors and body-mass index in Northern Norway: Evidence from the Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-13)Aim: The prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen rapidly worldwide, and the ongoing obesity pandemic is one of the most severe public health concerns in modern society. The average body mass index (BMI) of people living in Northern Norway has also steadily increased since the late 1970s. This study aimed to understand how individuals’ health behavior is associated with the general health ... -
Sea-ice associated carbon flux in Arctic spring
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-13)The Svalbard region faces drastic environmental changes, including sea-ice loss and “Atlantification” of Arctic waters, caused primarily by climate warming. These changes result in shifts in the sea-ice-associated (sympagic) community structure, with consequences for the sympagic food web and carbon cycling. To evaluate the role of sympagic biota as a source, sink, and transmitter of carbon, we ... -
A welfare analysis of Norway’s export promotion programme for whitefish
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-19)Norway recently increased the effective levy used to fund its export promotion programme for whitefish by 21 per cent. Study results suggest the intensified programme is welfare increasing. The net social gain, defined as the difference between the increase in economic surplus associated with the increased advertising and the decrease in economic surplus associated with the increased effective levy, ... -
Environmental effects on spatial population dynamics and synchrony – lessons from northern ecosystems
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-13)Environmental variation in time and space generates complex patterns in the spatial structure of temporally covarying populations. Accounting for spatial population structure is important for sustainable management and harvest, but there is a need for a better understanding of the many mechanisms affecting the spatial structure of populations. In the large-scale research project SUSTAIN, detailed ... -
Brucella Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors in Occupationally Exposed Humans in Selected Districts of Southern Province, Zambia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-17)Background: Brucellosis is a neglected debilitating zoonosis widely recognized as an occupational health hazard. The seroprevalence of human anti-Brucella antibodies in high-risk populations, as well as their risk factors, have not been well-documented in Zambia. This study aimed at estimating the Brucella seroprevalence in herdsmen and abattoir workers and assess the associated risk factors. Methods: ... -
Trait-based responses to cessation of nutrient enrichment in a tundra plant community
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-29)Plant communities worldwide show varied responses to nutrient enrichment—including shifts in species identity, decreased diversity, and changes in functional trait composition—but the factors determining community recovery after the cessation of nutrient addition remain uncertain. We manipulated nutrient levels in a tundra community for 6 years of nutrient addition followed by 8 years of recovery. ... -
Detecting climate signals in populations across life histories
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-20)Climate impacts are not always easily discerned in wild populations as detecting climate change signals in populations is challenged by stochastic noise associated with natural climate variability, variability in biotic and abiotic processes, and observation error in demographic rates. Detection of the impact of climate change on populations requires making a formal distinction between signals in ... -
Demographic consequences of harvesting: a case study from a small and isolated moose population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-13)Harvesting can have a substantial impact on population dynamics and individual performance in wild populations. While the direct consequences of harvest on individual survival and population growth rate are often apparent, harvesting can also have indirect and more subtle demographic consequences. Disentangling these consequences, however, requires in-depth knowledge of individual life histories of ... -
Volcanism and rapid sedimentation affect the benthic communities of Deception Island, Antarctica
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-17)Deception Island is amongst the most active volcanoes in the Southern Ocean, with over 20 explosive eruptions in the last ca. 200 years. The eruption that formed the caldera at Deception Island occurred 3980 ± 125 calendar years Before Present, and it is the largest eruptive event documented in Antarctica during Holocene. Since then, post-caldera volcanic activity has comprised many scattered eruptive ... -
Epiphytic diatom community structure and richness is determined by macroalgal host and location in the South Shetland Islands (Antarctica)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-30)The marine waters around the South Shetland Islands are paramount in the primary production of this Antarctic ecosystem. With the increasing effects of climate change and the annual retreat of the ice shelf, the importance of macroalgae and their diatom epiphytes in primary production also increases. The relationships and interactions between these organisms have scarcely been studied in Antarctica, ... -
The tundra phenology database: more than two decades of tundra phenology responses to climate change
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-11)Observations of changes in phenology have provided some of the strongest signals of the effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX), initiated in the early 1990s, established a common protocol to measure plant phenology in tundra study areas across the globe. Today, this valuable collection of phenology measurements depicts the responses of ...