Fakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Nye registreringer
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Onset of autumn senescence in High Arctic plants shows similar patterns in natural and experimental snow depth gradients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-30)Predicted changes in snow cover and temperature raise uncertainties about how the beginning and the end of the growing season will shift for Arctic plants. Snowmelt timing and temperature are known to affect the timing of bud burst, but their effects on autumn senescence are less clear. To address this, researchers have examined senescence under natural and experimental environmental gradients. ... -
Subjective well-being and stated preferences: Explorations from a choice experiment in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-01)Subjective well-being valuation has recently grown in use with applications in the fields of environment, health, and cultural heritage. With this methodology values are based on how non-market goods impact on self-reported measures of well-being such as life satisfaction. Despite the differences in theoretical foundations of subjective well-being and preference-based valuation methods, recent ... -
Potential for codends with shortened lastridge ropes to replace mandated selection devices in demersal trawl fisheries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-28)In many trawl fisheries, codend size selectivity is supplemented by adding selection devices to the gear. In the Barents Sea gadoid fishery, combining diamond mesh codends with sorting grids is compulsory. However, the use of grids increases the costs and complexity of the gear, causing discontent among fishermen and prompting researchers to seek alternative solutions. Lastridge ropes are ropes ... -
Allelic losses and gains during translocations of a high conservation value fish, Coregonus lavaretus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-09)<ol type="1"> <li>The use of translocations to establish new or ‘refuge’ populations for species with high conservation value is controversial but widely used in conservation management. One of the risks of this approach is that an establishing population does not adequately capture the genetic diversity of the donor gene pool. This effect, rarely examined, is tested here.</li> <li>In this study ... -
The effect of inter- and intraspecific competition on individual and population niche widths: a four-decade study on two interacting salmonids
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-12)Competition is assumed to shape niche widths, affecting species survival and coexistence. Expectedly, high interspecific competition will reduce population niche widths, whereas high intraspecific competition will do the opposite. Here we test in situ how intra- and interspecific competition affects trophic resource use and the individual and population niche widths of two lacustrine fish species, ... -
Quantifying fixed individual heterogeneity in demographic parameters: Performance of correlated random effects for Bernoulli variables
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-24)<ol type="1"> <li>An increasing number of empirical studies aim to quantify individual variation in demographic parameters because these patterns are key for evolutionary and ecological processes. Advanced approaches to estimate individual heterogeneity are now using a multivariate normal distribution with correlated individual random effects to account for the latent correlations among different ... -
Relatedness of type IV pilin PilA amongst geographically diverse Moraxella bovoculi isolated from cattle with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-06)Introduction. Moraxella bovoculi is frequently isolated from the eyes of cattle with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye). As with M. bovis, which has been causally linked to IBK, M. bovoculi expresses an RTX (repeats in the structural toxin) cytotoxin that is related to M. bovis cytotoxin. Pilin, another pathogenic factor in M. bovis, is required for corneal attachment. Seven ... -
Genome-Wide Reconstruction of Rediploidization Following Autopolyploidization across One Hundred Million Years of Salmonid Evolution
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-28)The long-term evolutionary impacts of whole-genome duplication (WGD) are strongly influenced by the ensuing rediploidization process. Following autopolyploidization, rediploidization involves a transition from tetraploid to diploid meiotic pairing, allowing duplicated genes (ohnologs) to diverge genetically and functionally. Our understanding of autopolyploid rediploidization has been informed ... -
Connections to the Deep: Deep Vertical Migrations, an Important Part of the Life Cycle of Apherusa glacialis, an Arctic Ice-Associated Amphipod
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-15)Arctic sea ice contains a substantial amount of living biota of which part is lost through melt and export out of the Arctic Ocean every year. It is unclear how populations can be maintained within the Arctic Ocean. A representative ice inhabitant, the amphipod Apherusa glacialis was previously assumed to spend its entire life in the sea ice habitat, hence being dependent on sea ice to complete ... -
Tryptophan metabolism is inversely regulated in the tumor and blood of patients with glioblastoma
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-03)Tryptophan (Trp)-catabolic enzymes (TCEs) produce metabolites that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and promote tumor progression and immunosuppression in glioblastoma. As therapies targeting TCEs or AHR become available, a better understanding of Trp metabolism is required.<p> <P>Methods: The combination of LC-MS/MS with chemical isobaric labeling enabled the simultaneous quantitative ... -
Habitat determines plant community responses to climate change in the High Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-12)Plant climate responses may depend on site-specific environmental context. Using fences and open-top chambers, we enhanced snow depth (creating Ambient, Medium, and Deep regimes) over an 11-year period and increased temperatures for two summers in dry heath and mesic meadow habitats on Svalbard, Norway. Comparison of plant growth form abundance and diversity responses in these two habitats showed ... -
Comparative analysis of the social vulnerability assessment to climate change applied to fisheries from Spain and Turkey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-06)The aim of this study is to assess the climate effects on fisheries from a bottom-up approach based on fishers’ fishing experience, knowledge, and perceptions. To perform this task, a social vulnerability assessment was conducted in two different fishing areas: one in Spain and the other one in Turkey. The vulnerability was measured using the collected data and information through a structured ... -
Editorial: Towards a Unifying Pan-Arctic Perspective of the Contemporary and Future Arctic Ocean
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-18)An international symposium addressing pan-Arctic perspectives of the marine ecosystems of the Arctic Ocean took place in October 2017 and this editorial introduces the publications that derived from the conference. The symposium focused in particular upon physical forcing and biogeochemical cycling in surface waters of the Arctic Ocean, connectivity between surface and deep waters in the central ... -
The elusive impact of pro-environmental intention on holiday on pro-environmental behaviour at home
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-03)There is limited research studying how pro-environmental behavioural intentions gained in a tourism context subsequently influence intentions and actual behaviour at home. This study reports on a three-stage study that surveys Chinese domestic tourists on holiday, and at home one week and one month after the holiday experience. The findings suggest that the stated pro-environmental intention on ... -
Beyond ethics: The transformational power of overlapping motivations in implementing strategic sustainability actions
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-18)We develop a methodology to identify patterns between sustainability motivations, actions and engagement. We apply this methodology to analyse a 3 1/2-year intervention that yielded 151 sustainability actions undertaken by 46 outbound tour operators. We find three aspects that can be explained by the tour operators' motivations to act sustainably, namely, a connection between: (i) the actions taken ... -
COVID-19 social distancing compliance mechanisms: UK evidence
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-23)Non-compliance with social distancing (SD) measures clearly has negative effects on both public health and post-pandemic economic recovery. However, little is as yet known about people's views on and factors influencing their behavioral intentions toward SD measures. This study draws on moral disengagement theory and the norm-activation model to investigate mechanisms that promote or hinder compliance ... -
Sustainability, Competitive Advantages and Performance in the Hotel Industry: A Synergistic Relationship
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-22)The relationship between sustainability, competitive advantages, and performance is a topic with no conclusive results in the tourism industry. To contribute to the debate, the purpose of this study is i) to analyze the influence of sustainability on cost and differentiation competitive advantages and ii) to examine the possible synergistic relationship between sustainability and performance. ... -
A Sámi media system?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-26)In this article, we propose a history of Sámi journalism and news media as a step in the direction of analysing the existing media system in Sápmi. Numerous Sámi activists and organisations have contributed to the establishment and running of Sámi media – in interaction, cooperation, and conflict with external actors such as missionaries, investors, and state institutions. This has resulted in a ... -
Repellent Effect of Basil (Ocimum spp) on Pea Aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) and Potential Use in Crops
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-06-30)Synthetic insecticides used for aphid control continue to be a threat to humans and the environment. Therefore, in order to reduce these problems, it is important to use less harmful, environmentally friendly agricultural practices. It is with this objective in mind that the choice behaviour of the pea aphid – Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae – towards basil odors (Ocimum basilicum ... -
Social bonding and public trust/distrust in covid-19 vaccines
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-14)COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy has been a growing concern. The pandemic has proved to be very complicated with the mutated virus. The Delta variant is contributing to a surge of cases across the globe. Vaccine hesitancy can be socially contagious, requiring more stringent efforts from policy makers and health professionals in promoting vaccine uptake. Some evidence shows that vaccine acceptance ...