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Pigghåtoktet 2023 — Et samarbeidstokt mellom Havforskningsinstituttet og Måløy Videregående Skole, med opplæringsfartøyet MS Skulebas
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2024-11-01)Pigghå er en datafattig og rødlistet art som historisk har gitt grunnlag for et stort fiskeri med årlige landinger på mer enn 40 000 tonn i mer enn 40 år. Etter langvarig overfiske og etterfølgende bestandssammenbrudd har det nå i en del år vært tegn til vekst i bestanden. I 2020, Måløy videregående skole, som eier en atuolinebåt, tok kontakt med Havforskningsinstituttet og presenterte et ønske om ... -
Large-Scale Item-Level Analysis of the Figural Matrices Test in the Norwegian Armed Forces: Examining Measurement Precision and Sex Bias
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-29)Figural matrices tests are common in intelligence research and have been used to draw conclusions regarding secular changes in intelligence. However, their measurement properties have seldom been evaluated with large samples that include both sexes. Using data from the Norwegian Armed Forces, we study the measurement properties of a test used for selection in military recruitment. Item-level ... -
Warehousing in the Context of Digital Supply Chain in the Oil and Gas Industry: Towards Conceptualization and Groundwork
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-02-25)The oil and gas industry is a complex industry with many stakeholders, risks, and monetary values involved. The supply chain of oil and gas companies is an aspect of oil and gas companies that has developed without major optimization measures along the way – it has simply had activities and concepts added as they have come along. One such activity in the supply chain in need of optimization is ... -
Robust Digital Information for Physically Large and Complex SoS: A Maritime Design Case Study
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2024-08-09)This paper aims to contribute to understanding how physically large and complex systems of systems (SoS) can be digitally modeled. Ensuring the modeled SoS accurately represents real-world systems is challenging. Due to the significant amount of interaction these models have with the actors using them throughout the design lifecycle, their reliability can often be unpredictable and typically degrade ... -
Ecological and evolutionary consequences of ploidy-driven trait variation: Insights from Saxifraga oppositifolia L.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-10)The ecological and evolutionary consequences of ploidy-driven trait variation, particularly for autopolyploids, remain poorly understood. <i>Saxifraga oppositifolia</i> L. (purple saxifrage), is a highly successful arctic-alpine plant species with significant genetic and phenotypic variation potentially related to autopolyploidy. Over the past decade, we have accumulated knowledge of <i>S. ... -
Algorithmic and Non-Algorithmic Fairness: Should We Revise our View of the Latter Given Our View of the Former?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-24)In the US context, critics of court use of algorithmic risk prediction algorithms have argued that COMPAS involves unfair machine bias because it generates higher false positive rates of predicted recidivism for black offenders than for white offenders. In response, some have argued that algorithmic fairness concerns, either also or only, calibration across groups–roughly, that a score assigned to ... -
Graduate qualities for preservice health and welfare professionals for collaborative prevention and early intervention for child maltreatment: A qualitative study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-28)Aim - This study explored Australian nursing, midwifery and social work perspectives on needs within pre-service education to enable interprofessional public health responses to child maltreatment.<p> <p>Background - Child maltreatment is a global public health concern, but little is known about how well health and welfare professionals are equipped for interprofessional responses to child ... -
Plasmids affect microindel mutations in Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-18)Plasmids can impact the evolution of their hosts, e.g. due to carriage of mutagenic genes, through cross-talk with host genes or as result of SOS induction during transfer. Here we demonstrate that plasmids can affect the level of microindel mutations in the host genome. These mutations are driven by the production of single-stranded DNA molecules that invade replication forks at microhomologies and ... -
Knowledge and support for AI in the public sector: a deliberative poll experiment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-27)We are on the verge of a revolution in public sector decision-making processes, where computers will take over many of the governance tasks previously assigned to human bureaucrats. Governance decisions based on algorithmic information processing are increasing in numbers and scope, contributing to decisions that impact the lives of individual citizens. While significant attention in the recent few ... -
Prediction ability in bilingual individuals: An eye tracking study with younger and older adults
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-18)Studies with monolingual speakers show that people predict upcoming linguistic elements during sentence processing. Linguistic prediction behavior has been found to be less consistent in studies with bilingual individuals performing in their non-native language and in neurotypical older monolingual adults. The present study utilized an eye-tracking paradigm to investigate whether bilingual younger ... -
Prototypical Self-Explainable Models Without Re-training
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024)Explainable AI (XAI) has unfolded in two distinct research directions with, on the one hand, post-hoc methods that explain the predictions of a pre-trained black-box model and, on the other hand, self-explainable models (SEMs) which are trained directly to provide explanations alongside their predictions. While the latter is preferred in safety-critical scenarios, post-hoc approaches have received ... -
Comparing open and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy – a single institution report
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-09)Background - Open partial nephrectomy (OPN) has previously been considered the gold standard procedure for treatment of T1 localized renal tumors. After introduction of robot assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) as an alternative method to OPN, OPN was gradually abandoned at our department. The aim of the study was to retrospectively compare the results of patients treated with either OPN or RAPN for ... -
Inhospital Mortality, Readmission, and Prolonged Length of Stay Risk Prediction Leveraging Historical Electronic Health Records
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-14)Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictive capabilities of historical patient records to predict patient adverse outcomes such as mortality, readmission, and prolonged length of stay (PLOS).<p> <p>Methods: Leveraging a de-identified dataset from a tertiary care university hospital, we developed an eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework combining tree-based and traditional ... -
Acute responses to a potentiation warm-up protocol on sprint and change of direction in female football players: a randomized controlled study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-12)Objectives To evaluate the acute effect of exposure to a potentiation warm-up protocol compared to a usual warm-up program. <p>Design Randomized parallel control trial. <p>Setting Synthetic grass in the club’s facilities (Portugal). Participants Seventeen female football players (age: 23.9±3.9 years), were randomly allocated to a control (n=8) and an experimental group (n=9). To allocate the ... -
The relationship between perceived school stress and satisfaction with life among Norwegian school-based adolescents and the moderating role of perceived teacher care: a cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-10)Background - Perceived stress from schoolwork and perceived teacher care are shown to influence adolescents’ life satisfaction. However, there is a need to further explore how levels of perceived school stress affect life satisfaction of Norwegian adolescents across gender and school levels using nationwide data, and whether this association is moderated by perceived teacher care. Hence, this paper ... -
Dye tracing of upward brine migration in snow
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-19)Salt is often present in the snow overlying seasonal sea ice, and has profound thermodynamic and electromagnetic effects. However, its provenance and behaviour within the snow remain uncertain. We describe two investigations tracing upward brine movement in snow: one conducted in the laboratory and one in the field. The laboratory experiments involved the addition of dyed brine to the base of ... -
A novel clinical prediction model for hip fractures: a development and validation study in the total population of Sweden
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-05)Background - Low bone density and osteoporosis are indications for bone-specific treatment. However, given the limited availability of bone density data in clinical practice and the fact that most patients with hip fracture do not have osteoporosis, accurate prediction of hip fracture risk in the absence of bone density data would be crucial.<p> <p>Methods - This development and validation study ... -
Impaired Balance Predicts Cardiovascular Disease in 70-Year-Old Individuals-An Observational Study From the Healthy Aging Initiative
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-18)Background - Limited research has explored balance problems as a prospective risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to characterize the association between balance measures and the risk of incident CVD in a population of 70‐year‐olds.<p> <p>Methods and Results - From 2012 to 2022 a cohort of 4927 older individuals who were CVD free underwent balance assessments using a ... -
Elucidating the power of arginine restriction: taming type I interferon response in breast cancer via selective autophagy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-18)Background - Type I interferons (IFN-I) are potent alarm factors that initiate cancer cell elimination within tumors by the immune system. This critical immune response is often suppressed in aggressive tumors, thereby facilitating cancer immune escape and unfavorable patient outcome. The mechanisms underpinning IFN-I suppression in tumors are incompletely understood. Arginase-1 (ARG1)-expressing ... -
Linking metabolism and histone acetylation dynamics by integrated metabolic flux analysis of Acetyl-CoA and histone acetylation sites
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-19)Objectives - Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic modification that regulates various biological processes and cell homeostasis. Acetyl-CoA, a hub molecule of metabolism, is the substrate for histone acetylation, thus linking metabolism with epigenetic regulation. However, still relatively little is known about the dynamics of histone acetylation and its dependence on metabolic processes, ...
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