Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin): Recent submissions
Now showing items 821-840 of 1413
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Racial Variation in Echocardiographic Reference Ranges for Left Chamber Dimensions in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-04)Abstract Echocardiography plays a critical role in the assessment of cardiac disease. Important differences in echocardiographically derived cardiac chamber dimensions have been previously highlighted in different population groups in adult studies, but this has not been systematically studied in children, whose body size changes throughout childhood. The aim of this study was to review the ... -
Rethinking the carcinogenesis of breast cancer: The theory of breast cancer as a child deficiency disease or a pseudo semi-allograft
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-23)The theory of breast cancer as a <i>child deficiency disease</i> is an <i>inversion of the current paradigm</i>, which considers fullterm pregnancies to be a protective factor and uses nulliparous women as the reference group. Instead, the theory of breast cancer as a child deficiency disease says that women with the highest parity (about 20, which is the limit of human fertility) are those with ... -
Meta-analysis of Alzheimer’s disease on 9,751 samples from Norway and IGAP study identifies four risk loci
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-27)A large fraction of genetic risk factors for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is still not identified, limiting the understanding of AD pathology and study of therapeutic targets. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of AD cases and controls of European descent from the multi-center DemGene network across Norway and two independent European cohorts. In a two-stage process, we first performed ... -
The educational gradient in premature cardiovascular mortality: Examining mediation by risk factors in cohorts born in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-28)<i>Aims</i>: Educational inequality in cardiovascular disease and in modifiable risk factors changes over time and between birth cohorts. We aimed to assess how cardiovascular disease risk factors mediate educational differences in premature cardiovascular disease mortality and how this varies over birth cohorts and sex.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We followed 360,008 40–45-year-olds born in the ... -
Coding variants in RPL3L and MYZAP increase risk of atrial fibrillation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-12)Most sequence variants identified hitherto in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of atrial fibrillation are common, non-coding variants associated with risk through unknown mechanisms. We performed a meta-analysis of GWAS of atrial fibrillation among 29,502 cases and 767,760 controls from Iceland and the UK Biobank with follow-up in samples from Norway and the US, focusing on low-frequency coding ... -
Hospital stage of myocardial infarction treatment in 13 regions of Russian Federation by results of the international research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)<i>Aim</i>: To describe the characteristics of the patient with MI who is admitted to a hospital and to characterize the main diagnostic and treatment interventions in clinic.<p> <p><i>Material and methods</i>: This study is observational and the part of big international project. It includes a representative sample of patients with MI admitted to 16 clinics in 13 regions of Russian Federation ... -
Availability and Affordability of Medicines for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases in Pharmacies in Six Regions of the Russian Federation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)<i>Aim</i>: To evaluate the availability and affordability of medicines used to treat of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in several regions of the Russian Federation with different climatic, geographic, economic and demographic characteristics.<p> <p><i>Material and methods</i>: The study was conducted in 6 regional capitals, chosen to differ in geographically, economically, and demographically. ... -
Is a modified Global Trigger Tool method using automatic trigger identification valid when measuring adverse events? A comparison of review methods using automatic and manual trigger identification
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-08)<p><i>Objectives - </i>To evaluate a modified Global Trigger Tool (GTT) method with manual review of automatic triggered records to measure adverse events. <p><i>Design - </i>A cross-sectional study was performed using the original GTT method as gold standard compared to a modified GTT method. <p><i>Setting - </i>Medium size hospital trust in Northern Norway. <p><i>Participants - </i>One thousand ... -
Is inter-rater reliability of Global Trigger Tool results altered when members of the review team are replaced?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-12)<p><i>Objective - </i>To evaluate the inter-rater reliability of results from Global Trigger Tool (GTT) reviews when one of the three reviewers remains consistent, while one or two reviewers rotate. <p><i>Design - </i>Comparison of results from retrospective record review performed as a cross-sectional study with three review teams each consisting of two non-physicians and one physician; Team I ... -
Does increasing the size of bi-weekly samples of records influence results when using the Global Trigger Tool? An observational study of retrospective record reviews of two different sample sizes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-04-25)<p><i>Objectives - </i>To investigate the impact of increasing sample of records reviewed bi-weekly with the Global Trigger Tool method to identify adverse events in hospitalised patients. <p><i>Design - </i>Retrospective observational study. <p><i>Setting - </i>A Norwegian 524-bed general hospital trust. <p><i>Participants - </i>1920 medical records selected from 1 January to 31 December ... -
Styringsutfordringer i ny søknadsbasert turnusordning
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017)Geografisk fordeling av leger er ett av målene med turnusordningen. Formålet med denne artikkelen er å peke på noen styringsutfordringer i den nye søknadsbaserte turnusordningen sett i lys av dette målet. De handler blant annet om selektiv oppmerksomhet fra helsemyndighetens side og mangler i samstyringen mellom helseforetak og kommuner. -
Hvordan møte utfordringer for fastlegetjenesten i distriktene?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2018)En god fastlegetjeneste er viktig, ikke minst der det er lang avstand til sykehus. I Nord-Norge er avstandene store, og gjennomsnittlig reisetid fra de 87 kommunesentra i Nord-Norge til nærmeste sykehus er 2 timer og 6 minutter. I denne artikkelen beskriver vi fastlegetjenesten i Nord-Norge samtidig som vi fokuserer på sentrale utfordringer som gjelder rekruttering av fastleger, det å få fastleger ... -
Achieving Thoracic Oncology data collection in Europe: a precursor study in 35 Countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-20)<i>Background</i>: A minority of European countries have participated in international comparisons with high level data on lung cancer. However, the nature and extent of data collection across the continent is simply unknown, and without accurate data collection it is not possible to compare practice and set benchmarks to which lung cancer services can aspire.<p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Using an ... -
Time trends of persistent organic pollutants in 30 year olds sampled in 1986, 1994, 2001 and 2007 in Northern Norway: Measurements, mechanistic modeling and a comparison of study designs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-01)<p><i>Background</i>: Human biomonitoring studies have demonstrated decreasing concentrations of many persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in years after emission peaks.</p> <p><i>Objectives</i>: To describe time trends of POPs in blood using four cross-sectional samples of 30 year olds from Tromsø, Norway across 1986–2007, and to compare the measured concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl ... -
Risk prediction for estrogen receptor-specific breast cancers in two large prospective cohorts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-03)<p><i>Background</i>: Few published breast cancer (BC) risk prediction models consider the heterogeneity of predictor variables between estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-) tumors. Using data from two large cohorts, we examined whether modeling this heterogeneity could improve prediction.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We built two models, for ER+ (Model<sub>ER+</sub>) and ER- tumors ... -
Mitochondrial DNA copy number variation, leukocyte telomere length, and breast cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-17)<p><i>Background</i>: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) copy number and deletions have been proposed as risk markers for various cancer types, including breast cancer (BC).</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: To gain a more comprehensive picture on how these markers can modulate BC risk, alone or in conjunction, we performed simultaneous measurements of LTL and mtDNA copy number ... -
Physical activity patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study: A population-based prospective study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-04)<p><I>Introduction</I>: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second most common cancer in women worldwide. Physical activity (PA) has been associated with reduced risk of CRC; however, this has been demonstrated more consistently in men, while results of studies in women have been largely equivocal. We aimed to further examine the relationship between PA patterns and the risk of CRC in women, using ... -
Prevalence of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and patient perceptions of severity in Sweden, Norway and Denmark: Results from the nordic patient survey of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-07)Optimal clinical management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) Optimal clinical management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) requires understanding of the impact on patients. The NORdic PAtient survey of Psoriasis and PsA (NORPAPP) aimed to obtain current data on disease prevalence and patient perceptions in Sweden, Denmark and Norway. Among 22,050 individuals questioned, the reported ... -
Relationships between intensity, duration, cumulative dose, and timing of smoking with age at menopause: A pooled analysis of individual data from 17 observational studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-27)<p><i>Background</i>: Cigarette smoking is associated with earlier menopause, but the impact of being a former smoker and any dose-response relationships on the degree of smoking and age at menopause have been less clear. If the toxic impact of cigarette smoking on ovarian function is irreversible, we hypothesized that even former smokers might experience earlier menopause, and variations in intensity, ... -
Relations between the use of electronic health and the use of general practitioner and somatic specialist visits in patients with type 1 diabetes: Cross-sectional study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-07)<p><i>Background</i>: The prevalence of diabetes and the use of electronic health (eHealth) are increasing. People with diabetes need frequent monitoring and follow-up of health parameters, and eHealth services can be of great value. However, little is known about the association between the use of eHealth and provider-based health care services among people with diabetes.</p> <p><i>Objective</i>: ...