The development of vaccines employing conserved protein antigens, for instance ribosomal protein P0, has as disadvantage the high degree of identity between pathogen and host proteins due to possible induction of tolerance or auto antibodies in the host organism. To overcome this drawback, peptide-based vaccines have been designed with a proved high efficacy. The use of defined peptides as antigens ...

The intertidal brown mussel <i>Perna perna</i> is targeted by recreational and subsistence fisheries in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The recreational mussel fishery is monitored by off-site postal, telephone and online questionnaire surveys, assessed in this study. Trends in fisher avidity (proportion of permit holders that went fishing), mean number of outings undertaken per quarter year and catch ...

Changes in fish distribution are being observed across the globe. In Europe's Common Fisheries Policy, the share of the catch of each fish stock is split among management areas using a fixed allocation key known as ‘Relative Stability’: in each management area, member states get the same proportion of the total catch each year. That proportion is largely based on catches made by those member states ...

In today's aquaculture of Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i> L.), a majority of viral disease outbreaks occur after seawater transfer. A relevant question is how the parr–smolt transformation influences the efficacy of viral vaccines and the innate resistance against viral diseases. In this study, vaccinated and unvaccinated A. salmon parr were exposed to different photoperiodic regimens (1‐, 3‐ ...

According to governmental plans, Norway faces huge expansions in the production of farmed Atlantic salmon. However, it is municipalities that designate coastal areas to aquaculture activities and their motivation depends on net benefits at municipal level from such use. Yet, there is little empirical evidence on costs and benefits of using coastal areas to aquaculture activities. We set up a ...

The present study aimed to assess the possible effects of Assam tea (<i>Camellia sinensis</i>) extract (ATE) on growth performances, immune responses, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i> against <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>. Five levels of ATE were supplemented into the based diet at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g kg⁻¹ feed of Nile tilapia fingerlings (10.9 ± 0.04 g ...

Our understanding of marine communities and their functions in an ecosystem relies on the ability to detect and monitor species distributions and abundances. Currently, the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is increasingly being applied for the rapid assessment and monitoring of aquatic species. Most eDNA metabarcoding studies have either focussed on the simultaneous identification of a ...

Metabarcoding is by now a well‐established method for biodiversity assessment in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments. Metabarcoding data sets are usually used for α‐ and β‐diversity estimates, that is, interspecies (or inter‐MOTU [molecular operational taxonomic unit]) patterns. However, the use of hypervariable metabarcoding markers may provide an enormous amount of intraspecies ...

Viral diseases represent one of the major threats for salmonid aquaculture. Survival from viral infections are highly dependent on host innate antiviral immune defense, where interferons are of crucial importance. Neutralizing antibodies and T cell effector mechanisms mediate long-term antiviral protection. Despite an immune cell repertoire comparable to higher vertebrates, farmed fish often fail ...

This research takes a holistic approach to considering the consequences of marine plastic pollution. A semi-systematic literature review of 1191 data points provides the basis to determine the global ecological, social and economic impacts. An ecosystem impact analysis demonstrates that there is global evidence of impact with medium to high frequency on all subjects, with a medium to high degree of ...