Mastergradsoppgaver i folkehelsevitenskap: Recent submissions
Now showing items 121-140 of 199
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Prevalence and cause of Dyspnea in a general population: The Tromsø study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-09-29)Background: Dyspnea is a prevalent condition causing reduced quality of life increasingly by age. The main causes are heart failure (HF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with less common conditions being ischemic dyspnea, heart disease, atrial fibrillation, asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. The aim of study was to determine causes of dyspnea in a general population through examination ... -
Drug Utilization Pattern of Antipsychotics in Norway: A registry based study from 2004-2014
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-08-03)Background: Antipsychotic drugs are primarily used in the treatment of Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder while they are also used in the management of severe depression and anxiety disorder. Despite the prevalent use of the antipsychotic medication in the Scandinavian countries, studies about the prescription pattern are scarce. Objective: To explore the utilization pattern of antipsychotic drugs ... -
Beyond diagnoses: The importance of social circumstances and lifestyle factors in explaining health-related quality of life and subjective well-being
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-08-01)Background: There exist different descriptive system for reporting Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and Subjective Well-being (SWB). Comparisons of results obtained from respondents shows not only diseases or health status that influence the result, but also social circumstance and behavioural factors are important to consider when analysing the results obtained when measuring HRQoL and ... -
Patient- initiated self-care and positive health outcomes in patients living with Multiple Sclerosis: A qualitative study.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-07-25)This study looks at the daily routines and self-care practices among patients living with multiple sclerosis who have experienced positive health outcomes related to their self-initiated efforts and the various strategies used by them to live better with their disease. -
Are there differences in health care utilization in areas with both Sami and non-Sami populations in Norway? The SAMINOR 1 study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-07-05)Abstract Background Western countries (Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Canada) with an indigenous population can all report disparities in health status between the majority and the indigenous population. Corresponding differences have not been found among the indigenous population in Norway, the Sami. Nevertheless, concerns regarding under-utilization of health care services and ... -
The association between socioeconomic status and colorectal cancer incidence
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-08-01)Background: Social inequalities in health persist even in egalitarian countries such as Norway. There is a social gradient found for many cancers, with higher incidence and mortality for lower socioeconomic groups. The social gradient can be positive, with higher incidence for higher socioeconomic groups. Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide, with varying results ... -
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice regarding Pap Smear Test among Women in Ward no. 14, Dharan.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-08-30)Aims: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Pap smear test among women in ward no. 14, Dharan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in ward no-14 Dharan, Nepal. A total of 100 respondents were selected using probability systematic random sampling technique. Interview schedule with structured and semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude, ... -
Changes in bone mineral density over time in patients with self-reported chronic diseases: The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-08-17)Objective: To examine the total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN) bone loss in women and men above 50 years of age with self-reported chronic diseases. Methods: Using data from ‘The Tromsø Study’, men and women aged 50-74 years were included in this study. Disease status was identified based on self-reports. Bone mineral density (BMD) of TH and FN were measured using DXA (Dual-energy X-ray ... -
Exploring physical activity and dietary choices among adolescents in Troms County, with focus on a potential association between the two health-related behaviors. A cross-sectional study based on Fit Futures - part of The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-07-30)Increased knowledge about physical activity(PA) and dietary choises could be valuable when preventive measures against overweight are planned and carried out. The main aim of the thesis was therefore to explore PA and dietary choises among adolescents in Troms County, furthermore to investigate if there were an association between these two health-related behaviors. The thesis is a cross-sectional ... -
It depends on the young females. En studie om sykefravær, ansettelsesforhold og arbeidsmiljø
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-07-21)Background: municipal employees at NAV Tromsø had in the period 2010-2013 twice as high sick leave as the state employees. Purpose: to find factors that can contribute to the understanding of the difference in sick leave. Method: The study was a survey from May 2013, where all the employees was invited to answer questions about their own background, sick-leave, codetermination, work pressure, social ... -
Triage of women with ASC-US/LSIL cytology: the added value of implementing an HPV-test
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2015-01-05)Background: Within the Norwegian cervical cancer screening program women were recommended biopsy after three consecutive smears of minor lesions (ASC-US/LSIL) 6-12 months apart until 2005. In 2005 the recommendations for biopsy changed to the 2nd ASC-US/LSIL, if the HPV-test was positive. In this study we determine the outcomes of secondary cervical cancer screening in two time-periods before ... -
The prevalence and tracking of overweight and obesity in a cohort of youths. Natural development of body mass index from childhood to adolescence. A sub study of the Fit Futures cohort.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-05-01)Objectives: The purpose of this master project was to: obtain height and weight data at three measuring points (2-4 years of age, preschool age and adolescence) in a Norwegian cohort of youths, to estimate prevalence rates of weight classes, describe the natural development of body mass index (BMI) from childhood to adolescence, and to investigate to what extent tracking of overweight and obesity ... -
The association between socioeconomic status and mental health = Sammenhengen mellom sosioøkonomisk status og psykisk helse
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-29)Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the associations between mental health (particularly anxiety and depression) and socioeconomic status. Material and methods: Data was collected from The Tromsø Study, Tromsø 6 (2007-2008). 5 829 women and 5 580 men aged 30-87 years (57 %) were included in the study. Mental health was assessed by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 (SCL-10). Two indicators ... -
Trends in obesity among Norwegian children from 1970-2012, presentation of possible measures to reduce this public health problem = Utvikling i overvekt blant norske barn i perioden mellom 1970-2012, og presentasjon av tiltak som kan benyttes for å redusere dette folkehelseproblemet
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-27)Abstract: Background: Obesity is defined as BMI over 25. There is evidence of an increasing incidence of obesity among Norwegian children, and various studies show that between 15 to 20% are in the category of overweight. Purpose: Finding Norwegian children's weight trends in the period 1970 - 2012, and figure out which methods are the best suited to the prevention and weight loss among ... -
Health care utilization among elderly according to body mass index and risk of malnutrition
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013-04-27)Background: Malnutrition is prevalent among elderly, and this trend is projected to continue due increased life expectancy and more so, malnutrition has been attributed to morbidity and mortality. Further, investigations reveal that malnutrition is associated with prolonged hospital stay, use of emergency services and long term care services. The association between health care utilization and ... -
Survival pattern and determinants of survival in adult HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral treatment in Far-western Development Region, Nepal
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-12-31)Objective: This study explores the survival pattern and its determinants among adult HIV-infected patients on ART. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1024 (51.2% were men) HIV-infected patients aged ≥15 years who started ART between May 15, 2006 and May 15, 2011 in 5 ART centres in Nepal. Follow-up time was calculated from the date of ART initiation to date of death or censoring ... -
Difference in FINDRISC score for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus among Sami and non-Sami, the SAMINOR 1 Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-09-19)Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem. Sami people are indigenous people of Norway and have had a transition in lifestyle and diet associated with an increase in obesity and inactivity, which are risk factors to T2DM. Previous studies have revealed higher prevalence of known risk factor to T2DM among the Sami people. Aim: Using a risk assessment tool, the ... -
Health Sector Reform and Maternal Health in Nepal: Analysis of Equity and Efficiency
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2013)Health sector reform is ongoing in many countries to bring out the efficiency, equity effectiveness. Nepal initiated health sector reform, through operational plan, Nepal health sector programme-implementation plan (2004-2009) .The major objective was to achieve millennium development goal through efficient and equitable health system. The government is now on Nepal health sector programme II ... -
Effect of interventions to prevent depression associated with childbirth in women at risk. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Effekt av tiltak for å forebygge depresjon i forbindelse med fødsler hos kvinner i risiko. En systematisk oversikt og meta-analyse.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-07-27)Background: A proportion of 10-15% of Norwegian mothers experience symptoms of depression in such an extent that they may need help. In addition to complicate life for the mother, there is a danger that the child's development may be adversely affected by the mother's condition. Objectives of the study are to determine if it can be proven difference in efficacy of interventions between two ... -
A second chance in life. A comparison between Chile and Norway: to what extent is there a possibility for work or study for people who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia?
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2014-08-01)Objectives: This research aims to identify strategies that have been carried out and strategies needed, for the vocational integration of people specifically with diagnosis of schizophrenia. Comparison between the two countries Chile and Norway was performed to assess this subject. Methods: A literature search was carried out. Results: In both countries there are few studies on this issue and high ...