The Easter Rising was a pivotal moment in the fight for Irish independence and retains a potent place in Irish Republican mythology. Memory of the Rising has frequently centered the men, particularly those who were executed in its aftermath and so became Republican martyrs. This thesis explores Republican women’s memories of the Rising, through analysis of four memoirs of the period. I identify six ...

The introduction of bulk interception (in Norwegian: “tilrettelagt innhenting”) into the Norwegian intelligence service’s toolbox represents both a continuation of the long-standing security-liberty debate, and a significant development in Norwegian security policy. This development puts Norwegian democracy in a new and difficult situation to navigate, in order to achieve a proper balance of ...

Sámi yoik and Fela Kuti's Afrobeat are the subjects of this thesis, which examines music as a form of activism through an ethnographic lens. The study's primary focus is an anthropological examination of Sámi music performances and oral histories. The Sámi are an indigenous people that live in northern Fennoscandia, which includes Norway, Finland, Sweden, and the Russian Kola Peninsula. The Federal ...

This thesis concerns the ways in which young people with refugee and asylum seeker backgrounds navigate new places, negotiating conflict and creating paths to peace in London. Those with the most proximate experiences of migration are often excluded from peacebuilding processes. Coloniality entangled into the praxis of peace and conflict fashions a dogma in which Global North understandings of peace ...

Migrant smuggling has resulted in unprecedented levels of peacetime defensive actions. This is because migrant smuggling is generally considered both the cause and consequence of grave human rights violations. Another reason can be found in the right of States to determine who their residents and future citizens are, and the threat migrant smuggling is to that right. Migrant smuggling has therefore ...

Norway has sought a balancing strategy towards Russia since joining NATO in 1949. Deterring measures through NATO has been followed by assuring measures to ease tensions between both Norway and Russia, and NATO and Russia. During Russian aggression, most notably the annexation of Crimea in 2014, Norway sought greater integration with NATO, and has shifted towards a greater focus on measures of ...

Language learners typically experience cross-linguistic influence (CLI) from one or several previously acquired languages when acquiring an additional language. Learners of a second language (L2) are influenced by their native languages in all language domains ranging from phonology, lexicon, and morphosyntax, to semantics, discourse, and pragmatics. In third (and subsequent) language (L3/ Ln) ...

Den 12. juli 1893 seilte et vikingskip inn på havna i Chicago, et knapt halvår etter at det var sjøsatt i Sandefjord. Skipet var en tro kopi av Gokstadskipet, og anledningen var verdensutstillingen til minne om Colombus` "oppdagelse" av Amerika 400 år tidligere. Ankomsten ble slått stort opp på forsida av The Chicago Tribune, og seilasen figurerte i amerikanske og norske aviser i ukesvis. Hvordan ...

Article 38(1) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) makes it clear that a primary function of the Court is to decide disputes submitted to it. From jurisprudential and practical perspectives, debates arise over the meaning of a dispute. International public policy emphasizes the need for the following objectives in resolving disputes: finality, economy and efficiency, effectiveness, ...

The rapid growth of globalisation and the ease of mobility across countries during the past decades have brought about some fundamental changes in the structural organisation of societies. People not only carry their bodies and workforce with them when they move, but they also carry their identities, experiences, cultures, habits and needs. Immigrants may encounter a variety of challenges after they ...