Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PeCa) is a rare malignancy and little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis of PeCa. The Wnt signaling pathway, with the transcription activator ß-catenin as a major transducer, is a key cellular pathway during development and in disease, particularly cancer. We have used PeCa tissue arrays and multi-fluorophore labelled, quantitative, ...

BACKGROUND. Chronic pain is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, predominated by cardiovascular disease and cancer. Investigating related risk factor measures may elucidate the biological burden of chronic pain. OBJECTIVES. We hypothesized that chronic pain severity would be positively associated with the risk factor composite. METHODS. Data from 12,982 participants in the 6th Tromsø ...

Red cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of the variability in size of the circulating erythrocytes, is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate whether RDW was associated with incident stroke and case fatality in subjects recruited from the general population. Baseline characteristics were obtained from 25,992 subjects participating in the fourth ...

OBJECTIVE: Social media, web and mobile technologies are increasingly used in healthcare and directly support patientcentered care. Patients benefit from disease self-management tools, contact to others, and closer monitoring. Researchers study drug efficiency, or recruit patients for clinical studies via these technologies. However, low communication barriers in socialmedia, limited privacy and ...

I en ny studie, utført i flere europeiske land, er det undersøkt om legemiddelet Sulodexide kan forebygge at man får en ny blodpropp etter å først ha fått én. Etter at man har fått en blodpropp vil man få behandling med blodfortynnende medisin. For noen pasienter er dessverre risikoen for indre blødninger for stor med denne behandlingen, og behandlingen blir derfor avsluttet etter 3-12 måneder. Det ...

Background/Aims: Estimated GFR (eGFR) is used extensively in epidemiological research. Validations of eGFR have demonstrated acceptable performance, but the dependence of creatinine and cystatin C on non-GFR factors could confound associations with disease. Few studies have investigated this issue in direct comparison with measured GFR (mGFR). We compared the associations between eGFR and mGFR ...

Background: Finland has the fourth highest injury mortality rate in the European Union. To better understand the causes of the high injury rate, and prevent these fatal injuries, studies are needed. Therefore, we set out to complete an analysis of the epidemiology of fatal trauma, and any contributory role for alcohol, long suspected to promote fatal injuries. As a study area, we chose the ...

Despite recent medical advances, atherosclerosis is a global burden accounting for numerous deaths and hospital admissions. Immune-mediated inflammation is a major component of the atherosclerotic process, but earlier research focus on adaptive immunity has gradually switched towards the role of innate immunity. The complement system and toll-like receptors (TLRs), and the crosstalk between them, ...

Background: Randomized controlled trials and retrospective studies in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) concurred that rituximab (RTX) is effective to induce and maintain remission. Infections and hypogammaglobulinemia during RTX were usually infrequent and uncomplicated. But in the Tromsø study cohort, 45 % of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) developed hypogammaglobulinemia ...