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norskInstitutt for klinisk medisin: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 1261-1280 av 1850
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Co-expression of 1α-hydroxylase and vitamin D receptor in human articular chondrocytes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-06)Background: <br> The aim was to investigate whether resident chondrocytes in human articular cartilage and in subculture express vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the enzyme that hydroxylates the prohormone 25(OH)D3 to the active hormone 1α,25(OH)2D3, namely 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1). Any putative effects of vitamin D on chondrocytes were also explored. <br> Methods: <br> Cartilage from human osteoarthritic ... -
Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness: The USE-IMT study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-21)Background:<br>The relation of a single risk factor with atherosclerosis is established. Clinically we know of risk factor clustering within individuals. Yet, studies into the magnitude of the relation of risk factor clusters with atherosclerosis are limited. Here, we assessed that relation.<br>Methods:<br>Individual participant data from 14 cohorts, involving 59,025 individuals were used in this ... -
Future complications of chronic hepatitis C in a low-risk area: Projections from the hepatitis c study in Northern Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-16)<i>Background</i>: Hepatitis C (HCV) infection causes an asymptomatic chronic hepatitis in most affected individuals, which often remains undetected until cirrhosis and cirrhosis-related complications occur. Screening of high-risk subjects in Northern Norway has revealed a relatively low prevalence in the general population (0.24%). Despite this, late complications of HCV infection are increasing. ... -
Non-skeletal health effects of Vitamin D supplementation: A systematic review on findings from meta-Analyses summarizing trial data
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-07)Background:<br>A large number of observational studies have reported harmful effects of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels on non-skeletal outcomes. We performed a systematic quantitative review on characteristics of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) included in meta-analyses (MAs) on non-skeletal effects of vitamin D supplementation.<br>Methods and findings:<br>We identified systematic reviews ... -
Associations of brain-natriuretic peptide, high-sensitive troponin T, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein with outcomes in severe aortic stenosis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-12)Objectives:<br>Among patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), we investigated the associations of N–terminal pro–natriuretic peptide (NT–proBNP), high–sensitive troponin T (hsTnT), and high–sensitive C–reactive protein (hs–CRP) with 3–year mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during 1 year.<br>Methods:<br>This observational cohort study prospectively enrolled 442 patients with ... -
A nationwide survey of first aid training and encounters in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-23)Background: <br> Bystander first aid can improve survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or trauma. Thus, providing first aid education to laypersons may lead to better outcomes. In this study, we aimed to establish the prevalence and distribution of first aid training in the populace, how often first aid skills are needed, and selfreported helping behaviour. <br> Methods: <br> We ... -
Current guidelines for BRCA testing of breast cancer patients are insufficient to detect all mutation carriers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-21)Background: <br> Identification of BRCA mutations in breast cancer (BC) patients influences treatment and survival and may be of importance for their relatives. Testing is often restricted to women fulfilling high-risk criteria. However, there is limited knowledge of the sensitivity of such a strategy, and of the clinical aspects of BC caused by BRCA mutations in less selected BC cohorts. The aim ... -
Vitamin D and mortality: Individual participant data meta-analysis of standardized 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 26916 individuals from a European consortium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-16)Background:<br>Vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for mortality but previous meta-analyses lacked standardization of laboratory methods for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations and used aggregate data instead of individual participant data (IPD). We therefore performed an IPD meta-analysis on the association between standardized serum 25(OH)D and mortality.<br>Methods:<br>In a European ... -
Development and validation of the Efficacy Safety Score (ESS), a novel tool for postoperative patient management
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-28)Background: <br> Several reports have shown that postoperative monitoring of general safety and quality issues, including pain treatment, after discharge from recovery is often non-systematic and inadequate. We suggest a new score with assessment of key recovery parameters, as a supportive tool for postoperative care and a call-out algorithm for need of extra help. The aim of this investigation ... -
Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype, Patient, and Graft Survival in Renal Transplant Recipients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-22)Background:<br> Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). An association between haptoglobin genotype 2 - 2 and cardiovascular disease has been found in patients with diabetes mellitus and liver transplant recipients. To date, the role of haptoglobin genotype after renal transplantation has not been studied. <br>Methods:<br> In this single centre ... -
Using anchors from free text in electronic health records to diagnose postoperative delirium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-19)Objectives:<br> Postoperative delirium is a common complication after major surgery among the elderly. Despite its potentially serious consequences, the complication often goes undetected and undiagnosed. In order to provide diagnosis support one could potentially exploit the information hidden in free text documents from electronic health records usin ... -
Combining multivariate statistics and the think-aloud protocol to assess Human-Computer Interaction barriers in symptom checkers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-09)Symptom checkers are software tools that allow users to submit a set of symptoms and receive advice related to them in the form of a diagnosis list, health information or triage. The heterogeneity of their potential users and the number of different components in their user interfaces can make testing with end-users unaffordable. We designed and executed a two-phase method to test the respiratory ... -
Tumour size reduction after the first chemotherapy-course and outcomes of chemoradiotherapy in limited disease small-cell lung cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-15)Objectives: <br> Concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) is recommended for limited disease small-cell lung cancer (LD SCLC). TRT should start as early as possible, often meaning with the second course due to patient referral time and the fact that TRT planning takes time. Early assessment of response to the first course of chemotherapy may be a useful way to individualise treatment. ... -
The All-Age Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Potential Transmission Routes. A Population-Based Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-12)Background and aims: Previous research on H. pylori epidemiology has mostly focused on adult populations. We have aimed to study H. pylori prevalence in all age groups including children and adolescents and to identify potential routes of transmission. Methods: Subjects from all age groups (children 0–11 years, adolescents 12–17 years and adults ≥18 years of age), recruited from both an urban ... -
Transcriptomic Landscape of Treatment-Naïve Ulcerative Colitis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-10)Background and Aims: Ulcerative colitis [UC] is a chronic inflammatory disease that effects the gastrointestinal tract and is considered one of the most prominent and common forms of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. This study aimed to define and describe the entire transcriptomic landscape in a well-stratified, treatment-naïve UC patient population compared ... -
Expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL)-3, is independently associated with biochemical failure, clinical failure and death in prostate cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-30)Background: Prostate cancer (PC) stratification needs new prognostic tools to reduce overtreatment. Phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL-3) is a phosphatase found at high levels in several cancer types, where its expression is associated with survival. A recent PC cell line study has shown it to be involved in PC growth and migration. <br>Methods: We used a monoclonal antibody to evaluate ... -
Increased cortical porosity and reduced cortical thickness of the proximal femur are associated with nonvertebral fracture independent of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool and Garvan estimates in postmenopausal women
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-25)The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) and Garvan Calculator have improved the individual prediction of fracture risk. However, additional bone measurements that might enhance the predictive ability of these tools are the subject of research. There is increasing interest in cortical parameters, especially cortical porosity. Neither FRAX nor Garvan include measurements of cortical architecture, ... -
Hypoxia and hypotension in patients intubated by physician staffed helicopter emergency medical services - a prospective observational multi-centre study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-11)The effective treatment of airway compromise in trauma and non-trauma patients is important. Hypoxia and hypotension are predictors of negative patient outcomes and increased mortality, and may be important quality indicators of care provided by emergency medical services. Excluding cardiac arrests, critical trauma and non-trauma patients remain the two major groups to which helicopter emergency ... -
Pembrolizumab as second-line therapy in non-small cell lung cancer in northern Norway: budget impact and expected gain—a model-based analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-29)1 Norum J, et al . ESMO Open 2017; 2 :e000222. doi:10.1136/esmoopen-2017-000222 Open Access Abstr A ct Background P embrolizumab is a new drug approved in several countries for second-line therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1) positive. This drug has a high cost, and the cost- effectiveness ratio has been debated. Patients ... -
Treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the sub-arctic region of Norway. Do we offer an equal quality of care?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-26)Patients, relatives, healthcare workers and administrators are concerned about the quality of care offered. We aimed to explore the treatment of acute myocatrdial infarction (AMI) in Northern Norway, compare it with the national figures, and document whether there is an equal quality of care or not. The retrospective study included data on patients' treatment for AMI. The following sources were ...
