Prescriptive analytics for optimal multi-use battery energy storage systems operation: State-of-the-art and research directions

Abstract

This paper presents the state-of-the-art and latest advances in implementing multi-use practices on BESS applications to the power system grid. Representative papers on modeling and optimization methods were selected, most of them working with realistic use cases, but none reporting on real-world implementations. Some major findings from reviewing key representative papers are that current optimization methods were able to handle uncertainty related to prices and other parameters either in the look-ahead planning stage or real-time control for obtaining an optimal dispatch schedule, thus addressing previously pointed-out gaps. Further, a recommendation for future work is to implement current multi-use methods, found to be mature enough, to real-world BESS use cases for validation and gaining experimental experience. Furthermore, the multi-use performance can further be improved by joining the strong contributions from each paper's method. Current methods have shown great potential for bringing simultaneous benefits to the grid, as well as being economical for the owner. A continued exploration and inclusion of new future BESS applications in prescriptive analytics for BESS multi-use suggest robustness for future market changes. However, further assessments are needed to evaluate whether the technology is economical and green for each particular use case and also for a potential systematic upscaling of the technology as a means to facilitate the green shift.