When this thesis was planned in 2000-2001 it was well known that bone loss accelerates after menopause, and is prevented by using hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Case reports of young men with estrogen receptor dysfunction or aromatase deficiency showed that estrogen was important for normal growth and maturation of the male skeleton. However, there were few prospective studies examining the ...

Both substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) are common problems suffered by patients seeking primary care. Since its second volume in 1985,1 Family Practice has continually highlighted research related to detecting and treating legal, illegal, and prescription substance use, abuse, and dependence. Twenty-five years later, many of the same research questions and clinical challenges still ...

Background: The need for a stability evaluation of [ ¹⁸F]FDG is evident. The main purpose of this study was to make recommendations for determining the shelf life based on the available stability literature and our own two-centre stability studies.<p> <p>Results: We performed a non-systematic literature study to fnd the most relevant stability data for [ ¹⁸F]FDG. The amount ...

Many severe inflammation conditions are complement-dependent with the complement component C5a-C5aR1 axis as an important driver. At the RNA level, the blood transcriptome undergoes programmed expression of coding and long non-coding RNAs to combat invading microorganisms. Understanding the expression of long non-coding RNAs containing Alu elements in inflammation is important for reconstructing ...

Objectives: Impedance cardiography (ICG) is a non-invasive method for continuous cardiac output measurement and has the potential to improve monitoring and treatment of sick neonates. PhysioFlow® is a signal-morphology ICG-system showing promising results in adults with low and high cardiac output, but no data from neonates or neonatal models exist. The aim of this study was to investigate PhysioFlow® ...

Background: Incarcerated individuals have poor mental health compared to the general population. Social support has a benefcial efect on mental health. The bufering model proposes that social support facilitates coping under stressful conditions, while the main efects model suggests that belonging to social networks and having positive social interactions are benefcial for mental health. Prisons ...

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a relatively common, potentially life-threatening condition roughly accounting for one percent of all the deaths in the western world. Abdominal aortic aneurysms are usually asymptomatic until rupture. Death from rupture is often sudden and the disease is prone to be misclassified as death from cardiac arrest. Since the introduction of surgical repair of AAA ...

Background: The incidence of heart failure (HF) has declined in Europe during the past two decades. However, incidence estimates from registry-based studies may vary, partly because they depend on retrospective searches to exclude previous events. The aim of this study was to assess to what extent diferent lookback periods (LPs) afect temporal trends in incidence, and to identify the minimal ...

Background: Both the incidence and survival rate of head and neck cancer (HNC) is increasing, making quality of life of HNC survivors an important issue.<p> <p>Methods: In this cross-sectional study we compared the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of long-term HNC survivors to that of a general population cohort from the seventh survey of the Tromsø study with the Oral Impact on Daily ...

Chromosomal abnormalities are one of the main causes of implantation failure following embryo transfer in in vitro fertilization (IVF). Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A) is time-consuming, expensive, and invasive. Non-invasive PGT-A (niPGT-A) is an alternative where secreted embryonic cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in spent culture medium (SCM) is investigated. This study aimed to ...