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norskDet helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3581-3600 of 10469
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Factors associated with treatment in primary versus specialist care: A population-based study of people with type 2 and type 1 diabetes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-08)<p>Aims: The objectives of this study are to identify the proportion and characteristics of people with type 1 and 2 diabetes treated in primary, specialist and shared care and to identify the proportion of persons with type 2 diabetes reaching HbA<sub>1c</sub> treatment targets and the clinical risk factors and general practitioner and practice characteristics associated with treatment in specialist ... -
Level of education and HIV viral load suppression in a population under universal anti-retroviral therapy in eSwatini
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-31)<p>Introduction: HIV/AIDS continues to be amongst the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is no approved cure for HIV, but the disease can be managed using Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART). If drug adherence of about 95% is achieved, odds for a better clinical outcome increase. The level of education as a marker for many socio- economic status indicators has an impact ... -
States’ Environmental Obligations in Disputed Maritime Areas and the Limits of International Law
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2021-05-18)There are many cases worldwide where two or more States’ maritime claims over ocean space and marine resources overlap, leading to disputed maritime areas. Many of these disputed maritime areas include rare or fragile marine ecosystems and constitute the habitat of vulnerable species. General environmental provisions under international law are binding upon States in disputed maritime areas. Yet, ... -
Causal modelling of variation in clinical practice and long-term outcomes of ADHD using Norwegian registry data: The ADHD controversy project
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-19)<p><i>Introduction:</i> Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common mental disorders in children and adolescents, and it is a strong risk factor for several adverse psychosocial outcomes over the lifespan. There are large between-country and within-country variations in diagnosis and medication rates. Due to ethical and practical considerations, a few studies have examined ... -
A framework to guide planetary health education
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-21)People around the world are increasingly facing the pressing challenges of today's interconnected environmental, social, and health crises. The COVID-19 pandemic has been an important wake-up call reminding us that we need a healthy planet to ensure the health of all people. The emerging field of planetary health is a framework for understanding these interconnections and identifying solutions to ... -
Idrett som integrasjonsarena - Betydninger av idrettsdeltagelse blant mannlige flyktninger
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-19)Hensikten med studien er å undersøke hvilken betydning idrettsdeltagelse har hatt for integrering av mannlige flyktninger. For å undersøke idrettsdeltagelsens betydning for integrering tar studien for seg tre forskningsspørsmål: • Hvordan beskriver flyktningene sine møter med den organiserte idretten? • Hvilke betydninger har idrettsdeltagelse for integrering? • Hva slags betydning tillegger ... -
Naturopplevelser i skolen: En kvalitativ studie av ungdoms naturopplevelser, naturkontakt og forhold til natur
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-25)Denne kvalitative undersøkelsen har hatt som mål å avdekke hvordan ungdom opplever natur, og hvilken rolle programfag friluftsliv kan ha for deres naturopplevelser og forhold til natur. Ut over dette er det også interessant å undersøke hva naturopplevelse er for ungdommene, og hvilke kvaliteter ved naturopplevelsene som beskrives. Samt hvilken betydning naturopplevelser og naturkontakt har for ... -
A study on the interactions between perfluorosulfonic acids and P-glycoprotein
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-05-18)Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have received a great deal of attention due to the ubiquitous occurrence and persistence in the environment, resistance to degradation, and biological accumulation in wildlife and humans. PFAS are being detected around the globe, raising concerns regarding the toxicity and health risks to humans. Studies have shown that environmental toxicants, including PFAS, can ... -
Attacking styles for Tromsø IL- A study of goals and how Tromsø IL score goals. -An investigation for classifying goal scoring patterns and scoring efficiency. A case study of Tromsø Idrettslag.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-14)Abstract Attacking styles within Tromsø IL- A study of scored goals and how Tromsø IL score goals. The purpose of this study is finding what attacking styles and formation were most effective regarding scoring goals for Tromsø IL (TIL) in the competitive seasons 2018, 2019 and 2020. In total TIL have scored 140 goals over the three seasons which averages 46,6 goals per season. Analyses of which ... -
Å lære om snøskred og ta beslutninger i skredterreng: En kvantitativ studie av nybegynneres faktorbruk i sin beslutningstaking
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-14)9 av 10 som omkommer i snøskred utløste selv skredet. Å forbedre beslutningene i forkant av en ulykke kan derfor være livbergende. Hvordan vi driver opplæring i skredfaget er derfor viktig. Tidligere studier har sett på hvilke faktorer eksperter ser som relevante og benytter i sin beslutningstaking. Denne studien ser på hvilke faktorer nybegynnere bruker og ser på som viktige etter at de har gjennomført ... -
Hvordan trener supermosjonister som hevder seg på regionalt nivå? En deskriptiv studie av treningsfrekvens, treningsvolum og treningsintensitet blant vinnere av Saltenregionens mosjonsløp
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-14)Bakgrunn: Veldig få studier har tatt for seg treningen til godt trente mosjonister, eller såkalte supermosjonister, som hevder seg helt i toppen i regionale mosjonistløp. Det finnes ikke mange studier som beskriver faktorene treningsfrekvens, treningsvolum eller treningsintensiteten blant disse. Mål: Formålet med studien er å belyse problemstillingen: Hvordan trener supermosjonister som hevder seg ... -
Sammenhengen mellom kampresultat og fysisk prestasjonsevne i elitefotball
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-11)Introduksjon: Det scores flest mål i elitefotball i løpet av de siste 15 minuttene. Det kan være forklart med mer tretthet i løpet av kampen og derfor være påvirket av fysisk prestasjonsevne hos fotballspillere. Hensikten med denne studien var å undersøke forskjeller i høyhastighetsløp (HIR) og sprintdistanse (S), totale distanse (TD), og akselerasjonsaksjoner (ACC + -) i kamper som ender med seier, ... -
Medical malpractice in Norway: frequency and distribution of disciplinary actions for medical doctors 2011–2018
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-09)<p>Background: Physicians who perform unsafe practices and harm patients may be disciplined. In Norway, there are five types of disciplinary action, ranging from a warning for the least serious examples of malpractice to loss of licence for the most serious ones. Disciplinary actions always involve medical malpractice. The aims of this study were to investigate the frequency and distribution of ... -
Kunnskapsoppsumering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Circle of Security (COS) International – Parenting (COS-P) (2.utg.)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2021-03-12)<p>BACKGROUND: Circle of security (COS) is a group of attachment-based parental guidance interventions designed to promote sensitive and affective communication with the child, increasing the child’s sense of security and self-understanding. This article describes the Circle of Security (COS) International – Parenting (COS-P), which is a preventive intervention targeting groups of families. The ... -
Is the ongoing obesity epidemic partly explained by concurrent decline in cigarette smoking? Insights from a longitudinal population study. The Tromsø Study 1994–2016
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-23)<p>The increase of obesity coincides with a substantial decrease in cigarette smoking. We assessed post-cessation weight change and its contribution to the obesity epidemic in a general population in Norway. A total of 14,453 participants (52.6% women), aged 25–54 years in 1994, who attended at least two of four surveys in the Tromsø Study between 1994 and 2016, were included in the analysis. Hereof ... -
Cerebral blood flow measurements with 15O-water PET using a non-invasive machine-learning-derived arterial input function
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-08)<p>Cerebral blood flow (CBF) can be measured with dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) of <sup>15</sup>O-labeled water by using tracer kinetic modelling. However, for quantification of regional CBF, an arterial input function (AIF), obtained from arterial blood sampling, is required. In this work we evaluated a novel, non-invasive approach for input function prediction based on machine learning ... -
Molar - Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and long - term exposure to 25 - hydroxyvitamin D, measured as Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in adolescents from Northern Norway: an epidemiological study based on the Tromsø study: “Fit Futures”
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-20)Aims: The basis of the study was to evaluate if MIH could be related to low levels of vitamin D. Vitamin D is understood to have a key role in both enamel and dentin formation, and maturation, in addition to skeletal integrity. BMD could give a clue of the participants’ long - term vitamin D exposure, indirectly giving a reflection of a possible vitamin D impact on enamel mineralization. Materials ... -
Valg av kronemateriale for posteriore konstruksjoner blant offentlige tannleger ved universitetstannklinikker i Norge - En spørreundersøkelsesbasert studie
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-05-18)Hensikten med masteroppgaven er å få et innblikk i hvilke faktorer som påvirker valg av kronemateriale blant tannleger ansatt på offentlige klinikker, tilknyttet Universitet i Tromsø. Oppgaven fokuserer på posteriore, single kroner, og hva tannlegene vektlegger når de velger materiale. Når tannleger velger kronematerial, så kan flere faktorer påvirke valget, for eksempel antall praktiserende år, ... -
Pre- and post-diagnostic blood profiles of chlorinated persistent organic pollutants and metabolic markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases and controls; a pilot study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-02-09)Objective - Several risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are also associated with blood concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and factors related to the disease may affect POP concentrations, and subsequent associations between POPs and T2DM. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the change in concentrations of lipids, hormones and POPs pre- and post-diagnosis ... -
Covid-19-related misinformation on social media: a systematic review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-19)Objective - To review misinformation related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on social media during the first phase of the pandemic and to discuss ways of countering misinformation.<p> <p>Methods - We searched PubMed®, Scopus, Embase®, PsycInfo and Google Scholar databases on 5 May 2020 and 1 June 2020 for publications related to COVID-19 and social media which dealt with misinformation ...
