Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Recent submissions

Now showing items 4261-4280 of 10619

    • Prothrombotic genotypes and risk of major bleeding in patients with incident venous thromboembolism 

      Johnsen, Håkon Sandbukt; Bjøri, Esben; Hindberg, Kristian; Brækkan, Sigrid Kufaas; Morelli, Vania Maris; Hansen, John-Bjarne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-22)
      <i>Background</i> - Genotypes associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) may protect against bleeding due to a hypercoagulable state. Whether the risk of major bleeding is reduced in parallel with an increasing number of prothrombotic genotypes during anticoagulant treatment in VTE remains unknown.<p> <p><i>Objectives</i> - To investigate the association between multiple prothrombotic genotypes ...

    • Residual Corticosteroid Production in Autoimmune Addison Disease 

      Sævik, Åse Bjorvatn; Åkerman, Anna-Karin; Methlie, Paal; Quinkler, Marcus; Jørgensen, Anders Palmstrøm; Høybye, Charlotte; Debowska, Aleksandra; Nedrebø, Bjørn Gunnar; Dahle, Anne Lise; Carlsen, Siri; Tomkowicz, Aneta; Sollid, Stina Therese; Nermoen, Ingrid; Grønning, Kaja; Dahlqvist, Per; Grimnes, Guri; Skov, Jakob; Finnes, Trine Elisabeth; Valland, Susanna Fonneland; Wahlberg, Jeanette; Holte, Synnøve Emblem; Simunkova, Katerina; Kämpe, Olle; Husebye, Eystein Sverre; Bensing, Sophie; Øksnes, Marianne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-11)
      <i>Context</i> - Contrary to current dogma, growing evidence suggests that some patients with autoimmune Addison disease (AAD) produce corticosteroids even years after diagnosis.<p> <p><i>Objective</i> - To determine frequencies and clinical features of residual corticosteroid production in patients with AAD.<p> <p><i>Design</i> - Two-staged, cross-sectional clinical study in 17 centers (Norway, ...

    • Iodine intake in Norwegian women and men: The population-based Tromsø Study 2015–2016 

      Madar, Ahmed Ali; Heen, Espen Kolstad; Hopstock, Laila Arnesdatter; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Meyer, Haakon E (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-23)
      Ensuring sufficient iodine intake is a public health priority, but we lack knowledge about the status of iodine in a nationally representative population in Norway. We aimed to assess the current iodine status and intake in a Norwegian adult population. In the population-based Tromsø Study 2015–2016, 493 women and men aged 40–69 years collected 24-h urine samples and 450 participants also completed ...

    • Risken för smitta genom aerosol i tandvårdskliniken 

      Gussgard, Anne Margrete; Valen, Håkon; Olsvik, Ørjan; Jokstad, Asbjørn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-12-10)
      Aerosolutveckling i samband med behandling i munhålan kan innebära risk för smittöverföring mellan patienter och tandvårdspersonal. Denna artikel beskriver vilka situationer och procedurer som orsakar mikrobiella aerosoler i tandvårdskliniken. Smittrisken för infektiös aerosol beskrivs med exempel från några bakteriella och virusöverförbara sjukdomar i tandvårdskliniken.

    • Acute intermittent porphyria. Inflammation, diet and biomarkers in acute intermittent porphyria 

      Storjord, Elin (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-01-22)
      Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited metabolic disease with lowered function of the enzyme hydroxymethylbilan synthase due to mutation in this gene of the heme synthesis. The resulting excess of aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen can result in acute abdominal pain, paresis, fatigue, increased risk for kidney failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. Some drugs, ...

    • Pre- and post-diagnostic blood profiles of perfluoroalkyl acids in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases and controls 

      Charles, Dolley; Berg, Vivian; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Huber, Sandra; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Rylander, Charlotta (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-09)
      <i>Background</i> - Studies exploring the associations between perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are rather limited and have reported conflicting results. All studies to date, including prospective ones, have relied on a single blood sample to study this association. Similarly, studies investigating how T2DM status may influence the longitudinal changes in PFAA ...

    • Transcriptional signatures that define ulcerative colitis in remission 

      Fenton, Christopher Graham; Taman, Hagar; Florholmen, Jon; Sørbye, Sveinung; Paulssen, Ruth H (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-23)
      <i>Background</i> - This study addresses whether existing specific transcriptional profiles can improve and support the current status of the definition of ulcerative colitis (UC) remission apart from the existing endoscopic, histologic, and laboratory scoring systems. For that purpose, a well-stratified UC patient population in remission was compared to active UC and control patients and was ...

    • Suboptimal light curing and direct exposure to water of two contemporary composites: degree of conversion, sorption, solubility, and Knoop hardness 

      Wikant, Aksel; Ørtengren, Ulf Thore; Hakeberg, Magnus; Gedde, Ulf Wiel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-06-18)
      The water sorption and solubility of two polymer resin‐based dental composite materials were assessed in order to evaluate the effects of immediate post‐cure water exposure on the water sensitivity of the composites. Each material was tested with two different light curing setups. The radiant exposure of the two curing setups differed by a factor of 5. After exposure to water and subsequent drying, ...

    • Evaluation Challenges in the validation of B7-H3 as oral tongue cancer prognosticator 

      Sieviläinen, Meri; Wirsing, Anna Maria; Hyytiäinen, Aini; Almahmoudi, Rabeia; Rodrigues, Priscila; Bjerkli, Inger-Heidi; Åström, Pirjo; Toppila‑Salmi, Sanna; Paavonen, Timo; Coletta, Ricardo D.; Hadler‑Olsen, Elin; Salo, Tuula; Al‑Samadi, Ahmed (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-21)
      B7-H3 was the only molecule identified with prognostic potential from a recent systematic review of the prognostic value of immune checkpoints in oral cancer. We aimed to validate this finding in a multicenter international cohort. We retrospectively retrieved 323 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) samples from three different countries (Brazil, Finland, and Norway) for immunostaining and ...

    • Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av CRAFFT Screening Test 

      Rye, Marte; Koposov, Roman A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2020)
      Det korte screeninginstrumentet CRAFFT ble opprinnelig utviklet av Knight et al. (1999). CRAFFT skal kunne identifisere ungdom i risiko for å utvikle alkohol- og rusrelaterte problemer. Instrumentet er copyrightbeskyttet av Bostons Children’s Hospital. Denne kunnskapsoppsummeringen omhandler måleegenskapene til to norske oversettelser av CRAFFT. Informasjon om oversettelsesprosessene foreligger ikke. ...

    • Filling the psycho-social gap in the EQ-5D: the empirical support for four bolt-on dimensions 

      Chen, Gang; Olsen, Jan Abel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-09)
      <i>Purpose</i> - The EQ-5D is the most widely applied generic preference-based measure (GPBM) of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Much concern has been raised that its descriptive system is lacking psycho-social dimensions. A recent paper in this journal provided theoretical support for four dimensions to fill this gap. The current paper aims to provide empirical support for these suggested ...

    • Age-dependent effects of protein restriction on dopamine release 

      Naneix, Fabien; Peters, Kate Z.; Young, Andrew J.; McCutcheon, James Edgar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-31)
      Despite the essential role of protein intake for health and development, very little is known about the impact of protein restriction on neurobiological functions, especially at different stages of the lifespan. The dopamine system is a central actor in the integration of food-related processes and is influenced by physiological state and food-related signals. Moreover, it is highly sensitive to ...

    • The effect of one-hour hypothermia on long term spatial memory in male Long Evans rats 

      Marsteen, Håvar (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-01)
      The human body is willing to expend great amount of energy on mechanisms that keep the core temperature within a very small range. When these mechanisms are overwhelmed the body temperature either rises (hyperthermia) or drops (hypothermia). Hypothermia has earlier been used to induce retrograde amnesia (forgetting) and we have in this study examined if hypothermia can affect a robust long-term ...

    • «Det viktigste vi gjør nå, i gåseøyne, er massasjen» - Psykomotoriske fysioterapeuters erfaringer med å støtte ungdom i å utforske og sette ord på kroppslige erfaringer i behandling 

      Karlsen, Stine Bøe (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-02)
      Hensikt: hensikten med studien var å frembringe kunnskap om psykomotorisk fysioterapi til ungdom. Metode: to psykomotoriske fysioterapeuter med erfaring med ungdom som pasientgruppe ble intervjuet ved bruk av semistrukturert kvalitativt intervju. Videoopptak av to behandlingssituasjoner med ungdom ble brukt som støtte under intervjuet og til utarbeiding av intervjuguide. Datainnsamlingsmetoden er ...

    • Forebyggende og helsefremmende hjemmebesøk for eldre. Sykepleieres erfaringer og vurderinger 

      Pedersen, Eirin Sofie (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-12-07)
      Forebyggende og helsefremmende hjemmebesøk for eldre er et tilbud for eldre som i utgangspunktet ikke har andre tjenester fra helse- og omsorg. Norge har praktisert FHB siden 1980- tallet, men i varierende grad i kommunene. Felles for de fleste FHB er at samtalen er rettet mot hva den enkelte selv kan gjøre for å opprettholde god helse, funksjonsevne og sosial deltakelse. Hensikten med studien er å ...

    • Psykomotoriske fysioterapeuter som kunnskapsformidlere i tverrprofesjonelt samarbeid En intervjustudie av fysioterapeuters erfaringer med å anvende psykomotorisk fysioterapi på distriktspsykiatriske senter 

      Hapalathi, Lene (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-11-02)
      Hensikten med denne studien har vært å rette søkelyset på muligheter og begrensninger med å bruke psykomotorisk fysioterapi til korttidsinnlagte pasienter i psykiatrien. Nedsatt psykisk helse utgjør en av de store helseutfordringene i Norge. Samtidig har antall døgnplasser og liggetid gått ned ved distriktspsykiatriske senter (DPS), noe som kan tenkes å utfordre psykomotoriske fysioterapeuters praksis ...

    • Barnevernets undersøkelsesarbeid- fra bekymring til beslutning. Samlede resultater og anbefalinger 

      Vis, Svein Arild; Christiansen, Øivin; Havnen, Karen J Skaale; Lauritzen, Camilla; Iversen, Anette Christine; Tjelflaat, Torill (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2020)
      Meldinger til barneverntjenesten er utgangspunkt for de ca. 50 000 undersøkelser som årlig gjennomføres i Norge. Barneverntjenestene har vært kritisert av fagfolk, brukere, politikere og media, nasjonalt og internasjonalt, for manglende systematikk, dokumentasjon og medvirkning. Noe kritikk har vært berettiget, mens annen kritikk har vært basert på feilaktig informasjon og misforståelser. ...

    • Innvandrere og brukermedvirkning i helse og omsorgstjenestene. Hvordan ivareta innvandreres brukermedvirkning i avgjørelser om egen helse, utforming av tjenester og tjenesteforskning. En oppsummering av kunnskap 

      Jakobsen, Monika Dybdahl; Storstein Spilker, Ragnhild (Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2020)
      Ifølge lovverket skal pasienter og brukere involveres i avgjørelser om sin egen helse (brukermedvirkning på individnivå) og i utforming av helse- og omsorgstjenester (brukermedvirkning på tjeneste- og systemnivå). Sentrale offentlige dokumenter understreker også at brukermedvirkning i tjenesteforskning er viktig for å få gode og relevante helse- og omsorgstjenester. Innvandrere utgjør 14,7 ...

    • Combining psychotherapy with craniosacral therapy for severe traumatized patients: A qualitative study from an outpatient clinic in Norway 

      Stub, Trine; Kiil, Mona; Lie, Birgit; Kristoffersen, Agnete Egilsdatter; Weiss, Thomas; Hervik, Jill Angela; Musial, Frauke (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-16)
      <i>Background</i> - Craniosacral therapy (CST) is an established complementary modality for several health complaints. A clinic for psychosomatics in Norway has included CST into a multimodal treatment approach for severely traumatized patients. The aim of this study was to investigate and describe the indications for the use of craniosacral therapy within trauma therapy. Specifically, to explore ...

    • The fundamental violence of physiotherapy: Emmanuel Levinas’s critique of ontology and its implications for physiotherapy theory and practice 

      Maric, Filip; Nicholls, David A (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-05-12)
      The fundamental role of ontology, epistemology, and ethics is widely recognised across the healthcare professions. Yet what is less known in physiotherapy is how ontology and epistemology potentially undermine the ethical intentions of our theories and practices. In this article, we draw on the work of 20th-century philosopher Emmanuel Levinas to highlight this problem. Particularly Levinas’s ethical ...