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norskDet helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Nye registreringer
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Risky sexual behaviour among Russian adolescents: association with internalizing and externalizing symptoms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-09)<i>Background</i> - Risky sexual behaviour (RSB) is regarded as a major health problem during adolescence. Russia has one of the highest rates of teenage pregnancy, abortion and newly diagnosed HIV infections in the world, but research on RSB in Russian youth has been limited. To address this deficit, this study examined the role of several factors, including internalizing and externalizing symptoms, ... -
Psykomotoriske fysioterapeuters erfaringer og refleksjoner om respirasjon
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2016-10-03)Analysen av intervjuene førte frem til tre hovedtema. Det første temaet har jeg kalt ”Respirasjon som uttrykk for noe”, med underpunktene ”Smerte”, ”Følelser” og ”Ta plass”. Og dette temaet omhandler hva om uttrykkes gjennom respirasjon, og hvilken mening respirasjonen gis i behandlingen hos terapeutene. Det andre temaet har jeg kalt ”Pasientenes bevissthet rundt respirasjon”. Med underpunktene ... -
Why is it safe – enough? Decision-making in avalanche terrain
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2021-10-25)The snowy mountains of the world attract an increasing number of backcountry recreationalists, but nice skiing comes with a risk. Every year about 140 people in Europe and North America lose their life in avalanche accidents. 9 out of 10 accidents are triggered by the victim or someone in their party. Therefore, improving decision-making is important. Avalanche terrain decision-making is complex ... -
The effect of interleukin-17F on vasculogenic mimicry in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-20)Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is characterized by early metastasis and poor prognosis. Recently, we reported that extracellular interleukin-17F (IL-17F) correlates with better disease-specific survival in OTSCC patients and has promising anticancer effects in vitro. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is the formation of an alternative vasculogenic ... -
Platelet alloimmunization is associated with low grade chronic histiocytic intervillositis - A new link to a rare placental lesion?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-23)<i>Introduction</i> - Maternal alloimmunization against human platelet antigen (HPA)-1a has been implied to mediate both reduced birth weight and chronic placental inflammation. Fetal growth restriction is associated with different types of chronic inflammation in the placenta, mainly chronic histiocytic intervillositis and chronic villitis. The aim of this prospective study was to do a systematic ... -
Secretion rates and protein composition of extracellular vesicles released by cancer-associated fibroblasts after radiation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-24)Reciprocal communication between the malignant and non-malignant cellular elements in tumors is essential for cancer sustainability and plays an important role in the response of cancers to treatments. Some of this cellular crosstalk takes place via secretion of vesicles that are actively released into the extracellular space by most cell types in tumors. Recent studies have demonstrated radiation-induced ... -
Detection of phenotype-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities in breast cells using a CRISPR loss-of-function screen
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-24)Cellular phenotype plasticity between the epithelial and mesenchymal states has been linked to metastasis and heterogeneous responses to cancer therapy, and remains a challenge for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here, we used isogenic human breast epithelial cell lines, D492 and D492M, representing the epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes, respectively. We employed a CRISPR-Cas9 ... -
Identifying the drivers of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae at a European level
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-29)Beta-lactam- and in particular carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae represent a major public health threat. Despite strong variation of resistance across geographical settings, there is limited understanding of the underlying drivers. To assess these drivers, we developed a transmission model of cephalosporin- and carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. The model is parameterized using ... -
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation above the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Facilitates Decision-Making following Periods of Low Outcome Controllability
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-25)Recent studies suggest that choice behavior in reinforcement learning tasks is shaped by the level of outcome controllability. In particular, Pavlovian bias (PB) seems to be enhanced under low levels of control, manifesting in approach tendencies toward rewards and response inhibition when facing potential losses. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated both in evaluating outcome ... -
Victimization by traditional bullying and cyberbullying and the combination of these among adolescents in 13 European and Asian countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-21)There has been a lack of studies on bullying in non-western low-income and middle-income countries. This study reported the prevalence of traditional victimization, cybervictimization, and the combination of these, in 13 European and Asian countries, and explored how psychiatric symptoms were associated with victimization. The data for this cross-sectional, school-based study of 21,688 adolescents ... -
Optimization of biomarkers for morphological analysis of healthy and preeclamptic term human placental tissue sections using advanced fluorescence microscopy methods
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-07-01)Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder affecting 5-8% of women worldwide (4% in Norway). It is believed that placental ischemia is the initial event in the development of PE and is characterized by placental insufficiency and clinical symptoms such as hypertension and proteinuria. In this project, we aimed to study suitable biomarkers for morphological analysis of human term placenta from ... -
Krone på tann kontra fylling. Kliniske momenter til grunn for anbefaling
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-20)Bakgrunn: Målsetningen med denne oppgaven er å finne ut om det finnes gode kliniske retningslinjer for valg av optimal tannrestaurering, da man som kliniker må vurdere dette nærmest daglig. Alternativene kan være en intrakoronal restaurering, benevnt fylling, eller en ekstrakoronal restaurering, benevnt krone. Vi har derfor laget en PICO: Hos en pasient med en tann med indikasjon for restaurering, ... -
Tannhelseinformasjon på norske blogger
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-20)Det har blitt vanlig å søke etter helseinformasjon på nett, og dermed også tannhelseinformasjon. Blogger er en del av sosiale medier i Norge, og hensikten med oppgaven var å undersøke hva norske bloggere skriver om tannhelserelaterte tema. Vi ønsket også å undersøke om noen av innleggene relatert til tannhelse var reklame for et firma, og i så fall hvor mange. I tillegg ønsket vi å kartlegge hvilke ... -
Orale bivirkninger for pasienter som får strålebehandling i forbindelse med behandling av hode-/halskreft, rapportert i form av PROMS-spørreskjema
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-19)Bakgrunn: Oral mukositt (OM) er blant de vanligste orale bivirkningene som oppstår blant pasienter som gjennomgår stråleterapi mot hode-/halsområdet. Det er i dag behov for rapporteringsverktøy for subjektive symptomer, for å kunne tilrettelegge for den enkelte pasient gjennom kreftbehandlingen, samt å kunne måle effektiviteten av medisinske tiltak. Patient-Reported Oral Mucositis Symptom ... -
Resistensutvikling og resistensgener relatert til bruk av klorheksidin og natriumhypokloritt i odontologisk praksis - En litteraturstudie fra 2000 til 2020
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-05-18)Bakgrunn: Formålet med studien er å undersøke eksisterende resistens og risiko for videre resistensutvikling forbundet med bruk av klorheksidin og natriumhypokloritt. Dette i relasjon til bakterier i odontologisk praksis. Metode: Vi har laget en systematisk oversikt over forskning som omhandler mikrobiell resistens knyttet til desinfeksjonsmidler relevante i odontologisk praksis. På bakgrunn av ... -
Impact of respiratory symptoms and oxygen saturation on the risk of incident venous thromboembolism-the Tromsø study.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-01-09)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). It remains unknown whether individual respiratory symptoms and lowered oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>), individually and in combination with COPD, affect the risk of VTE.<p> <p> Objectives: To investigate whether measures of respiratory impairments including respiratory symptoms ... -
Fetal Superior Vena Cava Blood Flow and Its Fraction of Cardiac Output: A Longitudinal Ultrasound Study in the Second Half of Pregnancy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-06)<i>Introduction</i>: In the fetus, a large proportion of the superior vena cava blood flow (QSVC) comes from the brain. To provide the possibility of using this blood flow as a representation of fetal brain circulation, we aimed to determine the fetal QSVC and its fraction of cardiac output during the second half of physiological pregnancies.<br><br> <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This was a ... -
“Falling off the wagon”: older adults’ experiences of living with frailty in rural arctic communities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-12)Most populations around the world are ageing. The proportion of older adults in the population is larger and is growing more rapidly in rural communities than in urban areas. Longevity increases the risk of frailty. Our aim was to explore how single-living frail older adults experience living with frailty in everyday life in rural Arctic areas. Over eight months, we conducted a series of three ... -
Prediction of thyroid nodule histopathology by expert ultrasound evaluation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-17)<i>Objective</i> - The basis of thyroid nodule diagnostics is ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy with cytological evaluation (FNC) if ultrasound appearance is not clearly benign. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive potential of dedicated, expert high-resolution ultrasound, to see if histopathological entities of thyroid nodules can be diagnosed without invasive FNC biopsies.< ... -
Changes in maternal risk factors and their association with changes in cesarean sections in Norway between 1999 and 2016: A descriptive population-based registry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-03)Background - Increases in the proportion of the population with increased likelihood of cesarean section (CS) have been postulated as a driving force behind the rise in CS rates worldwide. The aim of the study was to assess if changes in selected maternal risk factors for CS are associated with changes in CS births from 1999 to 2016 in Norway.<p> <p>Methods and findings - This national ...
