Viser treff 21-40 av 170

    • Kant und Paulus über Gesetz, Liebe und Gnade 

      Himmelmann, Beatrix (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2023-04-07)
      Gesetz und Gesetzlichkeit spielen in Kants kritischer Philosophie eine hervorragende Rolle. Denn die menschliche Vernunft ist für Kant ein Vermögen der Gesetzgebung. Der Nachweis allgemein gültiger Vernunftgesetze, in denen die Menschen in all ihrer Verschiedenheit vereint sind, ist deshalb auch für Kants Ethik zentral. Er entwickelt eine Gesetzesethik. Paulus dagegen hat eine wirkmächtige Tradition ...
    • Strukturális igazságtalanság és a felelősség problémája 

      Kapelner, Zsolt (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Structural injustice is a special class of injustice which stems not from unjust or negligent governments, legislatures, groups of individuals, but from unjust social structures. Such social structures include the patriarchy, structural racism, and the class structure generating unjust social inequalities. Who is responsible for creating and abolishing such structural injustices? The most influential ...
    • "Hidden Inwardness" and "Subjectivity is Truth": Kant and Kierkegaard on Moral Psychology and Religious Pragmatism 

      Fremstedal, Roe (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019)
      This chapter reconstructs the concept of hidden inwardness, arguing that this term refers to moral characters (and religious characters) that are expressed with deeds and words, rather than referring to a private inner world. By relying on the distinction between morality and legality, the chapter argues that “hidden inwardness” is not compatible with all kinds of behavior, and that it is better ...
    • Rational Hope against Hope? A Pragmatic Approach to Hope and the Ethics of Belief 

      Fremstedal, Roe (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019)
      The aim of this paper is to explore apragmatic approach to hope and the ethicsof belief that allowsrationalhope against hope. Hope against hope is hope thatgoes beyond what the evidence supports by hoping for something that is bothhighlyunlikelyand highlyvaluable.¹However,this could take different forms.One could either hope against the evidence or merelygobeyond it; the evidencecould be inconclusive ...
    • What is the incoherence objection to legal entrapment? 

      Tanyi, Attila; McLeod, Stephen K; Hill, Daniel J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-27)
      Some legal theorists say that legal entrapment to commit a crime is incoherent. So far, there is no satisfactorily precise statement of this objection in the literature: it is obscure even as to the type of incoherence that is purportedly involved. (Perhaps consequently, substantial assessment of the objection is also absent.) We aim to provide a new statement of the objection that is more precise ...
    • Substituted decision making and the dispositional choice account 

      Andersson, Anna-Karin Margareta; Johansson, Kjell Arne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-02)
      There are two main ways of understanding the function of surrogate decision making in a legal context: the Best Interests Standard and the Substituted Judgment Standard. First, we will argue that the Best Interests Standard is difficult to apply to unconscious patients. Application is difficult regardless of whether they have ever been conscious. Second, we will argue that if we accept the least ...
    • The Emotional Risk Posed by AI (Artificial Intelligence in the Workplace) 

      Danielsen, Maria (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-12)
      The existential risk posed by ubiquitous artificial intelligence (AI) is a subject of frequent discussion with descriptions of the prospect of misuse, the fear of mass destruction, and the singularity. In this paper I address an underexplored category of existential risk posed by AI, namely emotional risk. Values are a main source of emotions. By challenging some of our most essential values, AI ...
    • LGBTIQ+ prioritization in refugee admissions – The case of Norway 

      Vitikainen, Annamari (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-30)
      This article discusses some of the normative bases for the recent (2020) Norwegian policy prioritizing LGBTIQ+ refugees in refugee admissions. It argues that, when properly interpreted, this policy is compatible with the UNHCR vulnerability selection criteria but is not independently supported by it. Combined with some of the broader moral principles guiding refugee admissions – including both ...
    • Congenitally decorticate children's potential and rights 

      Andersson, Anna-Karin Margareta (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-03)
      This article is the first indepth ethical analysis of empirical studies that support the claim that children born without major parts of their cerebral cortex are capable of conscious experiences and have a rudimentary capacity for agency. Congenitally decorticate children have commonly been classified as persistently vegetative, with serious consequences for their well-being and opportunities to ...
    • Utilitarianism 

      Abumere, Frank Aragbonfoh (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019)
      Let us start our introduction to utilitarianism with an example that shows how utilitarians answer the following question, “Can the ends justify the means?” Imagine that Peter is an unemployed poor man in New York. Although he has no money, his family still depends on him; his unemployed wife (Sandra) is sick and needs $500 for treatment, and their little children (Ann and Sam) have been thrown out ...
    • Should Rawlsian end-state principles be constrained by popular beliefs about justice? 

      Angell, Kim (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-19)
      Although many accept the Rawlsian distinction between ‘end-state’ and ‘transitional’ principles, theorists disagree strongly over which feasibility constraint to use when selecting the former. While ‘minimalists’ favor a scientific-laws-only constraint, ‘non-minimalists’ believe that end-state principles should also be constrained by what people could (empirically) accept after reasoned discussion. ...
    • Self-Respect and the Importance of Basic Liberties 

      Stensen, Vegard (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-18)
      This article discusses the self-respect argument for basic liberties, which is that self-respect is an important good, best supported by basic liberties, and that this yields a reason for the traditional liberty principle. I concentrate on versions of it that contend that self-respect is best supported by basic liberties for reasons related to the recognition that such liberties convey. I first ...
    • What does it mean to have an equal say? 

      Kapelner, Zsolt (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-17)
      Democracy is the form of government in which citizens have an equal say in political decision-making. But what does this mean precisely? Having an equal say is often defined either in terms of equal power to influence political decision-making or in terms of appropriate consideration, i.e., as a matter of attributing appropriate deliberative weight to citizens’ judgement in political decision-making. ...
    • Why Refugees Should Be Enfranchised 

      Kapelner, Zsolt Kristóf (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-08)
      Many authors argue that refugees should be enfranchised independently of citizenship. The enfranchisement of refugees is often seen as crucial for affirming their agency in the politics of asylum. However, most arguments in the literature do not explain why precisely it matters that they exercise their agency in the realm of democratic decision-making, i.e. why it matters that refugees participate ...
    • Forever Foreigners: The Temporality of Immigrant Indebtedness 

      Rathe, Kaja Jenssen (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-27)
      In this article, I offer a critical phenomenological investigation of immigrant indebtedness, with special focus on its temporality. I understand immigrant indebtedness as a relation of debt where what is owed is gratitude, and which takes on a special meaning when the debtor in question is racially construed as immigrant. Understood as such, immigrant indebtedness has the power to function as a ...
    • Green Colonialism: Conceptualizing Contemporary Sami Struggles for Life and Land 

      Bjerklund, Hedda Smedheim (Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-11-01)
      The goal of this thesis is to contribute to the conceptualization of the contemporary Sami struggles for life and land. In doing so, I conduct a philosophical investigation of the emerging concept of “green colonialism.” The former president of the Sami parliament in Norway, Aili Keskitalo, has in multiple occasions invoked the term “green colonialism” to describe the contemporary implementation of ...
    • How Much Better than Death Is Ordinary Human Survival? 

      Labukt, Ivar Russøy (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2019-03)
      According to common sense and a majority of philosophers, death can be bad for the person who dies. This is because it can deprive the dying person of life worth living. I accept that death can be bad in this way, but argue that most people greatly overestimate the magnitude of this form of badness. They do so because they significantly overestimate the goodness of what death deprives us of: ordinary ...
    • Self-Respect in Higher Education 

      Tanyi, Attila (Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2023)
      I begin this chapter with research, reported recently in The Atlantic, on the surprising phenomenon that many successful women, all accomplished and highly competent, exhibit high degrees of self-doubt. Unlike the original research, this chapter aims to bring into view the role self-respect plays in higher education as another crucial explanatory factor. First, I clarify the main concepts that are ...
    • Önbecsülés, önérzet és az igazságosság követelményei (Self-respect, self-esteem and the demands of justice) 

      Tanyi, Attila (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      A tanulmány kiindulópontja John Rawls azon állítása, hogy az önbecsülés társadalmi alapjai talán a legfontosabb elsődleges jószág, amelynek elosztását az igazságosság elvei irányítják. Az irodalomban vita zajlik erről az állításról, amely lényeges pontosításokat eredményezett az érintett fogalom tekintetében. Úgy gondolom azonban, hogy ez a vita nem ment elég mélyre, és ezen hiányosságnak fontos ...
    • Stability and trust in federations with ethnic territories and a secession clause - Challenges and opportunities for Ethiopia 

      Føllesdal, Andreas (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-05-24)
      <p>How might Ethiopia maintain its federal structure and its territory? ‘Constitutional contestation’ in Ethiopia is fuelled by two factors: regions and political parties follow ethnic line; and the Ethiopian Constitution has a secession clause. <p>A central challenge is to secure sufficient political trust. The public must be assured that authorities and individuals across regional borders generally ...