Doktorgradsavhandlinger (Helsefak): Recent submissions
Now showing items 261-280 of 713
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Physiotherapy practice in reablement services. A qualitative study with observations and interviews
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-10)Reablement is a community-based health care service aiming to enable people with (or those at risk of) functional decline to stay independent in their own homes. The service entails short-term, goal-oriented interventions provided by an interprofessional team. Support personnel, referred to as home trainers (HTs), mainly conduct the treatment initiatives under supervision of professionals including ... -
Role of Mannose-Binding Lectin and Complement Activation in Venous Thromboembolism
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-17)The complement and coagulation systems are two interrelated plasma protein cascades. Evidence from observational and animal studies has proposed a role for the complement system in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but the exact mechanisms remain obscure. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether activation of the complement system impacts the risk of VTE and to investigate ... -
HIV-infection in children and adolescents in Zimbabwe: viral suppression, airway abnormalities and gut microbiota.
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-12-10)Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region with the highest burden of HIV among both children and adults. Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved survival, yet data on long-term virological outcomes are scarce. In addition, recent evidence indicates that HIV-infected ART-treated children are at increased risk of lung impairment, and data on the pathological mechanisms involved are limited. ... -
Ectopic and normal maxillary canine eruption: maxillary incisor root resorption and interceptive treatment
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-25)Ektopisk erupsjon av overkjevens hjørnetenner berører 1-5 prosent av barn, og er en tilstand som kan føre til alvorlige skader på nabotenner samt omfattende tannbehandling. Det vitenskapelige grunnlaget for behandling av ektopiske hjørnetenner er begrenset. Målet med denne PhD-avhandlingen var å skaffe ny kunnskap om omfanget av rotresorpsjon på overkjevens fortenner, den vanligste bivirkningen, ... -
Utilization of community healthcare services and family caregivers’ needs for support. A survey of family caregivers for older, home-dwelling persons with dementia in Northern Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-21)In line with the current aging policies, the majority of older persons with dementia live in their own home. Although a range of community healthcare services is available to support home-dwelling persons with dementia, informal care provided by family caregivers constitutes a major portion of the care provided. This study contributes to knowledge regarding the use and nonuse of community healthcare ... -
Community Treatment Orders in an Assertive Community Treatment setting: a qualitative study of patients, care providers and responsible clinicians
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-01)This study is part of the national research-based evaluation of the 12 first assertive community treatment (ACT) teams in Norway. ACT is a model for multidisciplinary community-based treatment teams that aim to provide a full range of medical, psychosocial and rehabilitation services to people with severe mental illness. Over 30% of the patients treated in the ACT teams were subject to community ... -
Group-based and individualized physiotherapy for persons with multiple sclerosis - A qualitative observational and interview study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-11)Physiotherapy is a complex professional practice, particularly in the care for persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Group-based organization of interventions is a common treatment approach in MS rehabilitation, regardless of limited knowledge on the nature of essential elements of such professional practices. This dissertation presents and discusses how actions and interactions affect opportunities ... -
Impact of Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease (COPD), respiratory symptoms and oxygen saturation on the risk of incident venous thromboembolism (VTE) and VTE-related mortality in a general population
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-11-01)<p>Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a collective term for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is described as a moderate risk factor for VTE, but the association has so far been scarcely examined. The aims of this thesis were to I) investigate the impact of COPD on the risk of incident VTE and the risk of mortality in COPD-patients with ... -
Cultural adaption of mental health services to the Sami. A qualitative study on the incorporation of Sami language and culture into mental health services
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-18)<p>The Sami people in Norway have a statutory right to receive equitable health services, adapted in accordance with Sami language and culture. However, limited research is available regarding the impact and of Sami culture and language within mental health services. <p><i>Aim - </i>The overall aim of the study was to explore, identify and describe the significance of culture and language in mental ... -
Ambiguity and professional accountability in physiotherapy practice. Acquired brain injury rehabilitation across health care levels
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-10)At the time of this study, the Norwegian health care system was in the middle of the implementation of the Coordination reform, initiated in 2012 due to insufficient coordination and an increase in health care service expenditure. Earlier hospital discharge and increased municipal responsibilities for rehabilitation following acquired brain injuries (ABI) challenge the traditional rehabilitation ... -
Regulation of Autophagy-related proteins: Roles of post-translational modifications
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-18)Autophagy is a cell renovation system that directs almost any type of cell contents for lysosomal degradation and recycling of building blocks. It is fundamental for cellular homeostasis and for determining cell fate in response to stress. Hence, understanding the regulation of autophagy-related proteins is of great importance. This study focuses on the effect of posttranslational modifications on ... -
Periodontal health in Troms County, Northern Norway. Descriptive, subject level and site-specific analyses
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-20)<p><i>Background/Aim - </i>Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world. There is a scarcity of epidemiological studies of periodontal disease in Norway. The overall aim of this thesis was to assess the burden of periodontitis in an adult population, and to explore risk factors, as well as health-promoting factors related to the disease. <p><i>Methods - </i>The thesis is ... -
Providing an indicated preventive intervention for children with symptoms of anxiety and depression: A study of effectiveness, implementation factors, and program fidelity
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-09-12)<p><i>Background - </i>Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent disorders among children and adolescents, and the consequences could be life damaging if these problems are ignored. However, implementing psychosocial interventions in real-life settings to prevent these issues is challenging and complex procedure. The main goals of this thesis were to investigate the effectiveness of the EMOTION: ... -
Mortality, substance use disorder and cardiovascular health care in persons with severe mental illness
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-10-04)<p><i>Background and aims - </i>In the Nordic countries, people with severe mental illness die 15-20 years younger than others. Substance use and higher level of undiagnosed/untreated somatic diseases contribute to this disparity. We aimed to investigate; (i) mortality among people with schizophrenia and/or substance use disorder, with emphasis on the impact of a dual diagnosis; (ii) whether people ... -
Biomarkers Discovery: The Benefit of the Study Exosomes Originated from Merkel Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-08-30)Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine form of skin cancer with a rising incidence and a high mortality rate. The risk of developing Merkel cell carcinoma increased among a large number of immunosuppressed patients. The origin of cancer not known and the pathogenesis of MCC not fully understood. Two causes can initiate MCC tumorigenesis, such as accumulation of UV-induced ... -
Young children with problem behaviour in school settings: Evaluation of the Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management program in a Norwegian regular school setting
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-08-30)<i>Background</i>: Children in schools, who struggle behaviourally, socially, or emotionally, are less likely to benefit from academic instruction. In regular school settings, where a large numbers of students can be reached, teachers are important and natural implementers with the potential to influence mental health outcomes in all students. Examining the impact of the Incredible Years Teacher ... -
Estrogenic modulation of socio-sexual and fear-related behaviors in female rats: Properties of the estrogen receptors α and β in a procedure with external validity
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-06)A number of psychiatric troubles are distributed along a biased sex ratio. Differences in sex steroids levels, notably estradiol, could account for this bias. Differential expression and activation of the two known estrogen receptors (ER), α and β could result in different behavioral patterns. Indeed, these two receptors play an important, but unequal, role in the regulation of socio-sexual and ... -
A novel risk classification system for preconception health and sero-epidemiological map of Toxoplasma, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus infections among couples planning a pregnancy in rural China: A nationwide study
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-08-30)<i>Objectives</i> - The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the feasibility, effectiveness and impact of preconception health screening strategy and a novel risk classification system of China`s “National Preconception Health Care Project (NPHCP)” in identifying risk factors and stratifying couples’ preconception care (PCC), and to establish a sero-epidemiological map of TORC infections in the ... -
Life after war-related extremity amputations. A retrospective, descriptive clinical follow-up study from Gaza, occupied Palestine
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-08-23)Little is known about medical consequences of losing arm(s) or leg(s) in military attacks. Many Palestinians in Gaza have suffered loss of one or more limbs during recurrent Israeli military incursions. Such serious physical trauma pose grave health problems not only for the amputee, but also for their families and for the society at large. The problem is increasing. Hanne Heszlein-Lossius, MD, ... -
The proteome of ulcerative colitis - Functional analyses of the active disease and the remission state in comparison with healthy controls
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2019-06-18)This work characterizes the proteome of human colon mucosa in ulcerative colitis (UC). We developed an optimized sample preparation method of colon mucosa biopsies for bottom-up proteomics and applied it to characterize the proteomes of active UC, remission from UC, and healthy controls. Abundances of proteins related to the immune system and to protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum ...