Artikler, rapporter og annet (arktisk og marin biologi): Nye registreringer
Viser treff 301-320 av 1535
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A dPCR Method for Quantitative Authentication of Wild Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) versus Cultivated American Cranberry (V. macrocarpon)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-19)Berries of the genus Vaccinium are highly valued health-beneficial superfoods, which are commonly subjected to adulteration and mixed with each other, or with other common berry species. A quantitative DNA-based method utilizing a chip-based digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) technique was developed for identifying and quantifying wild lingonberry (V. vitis-idaea) and cultivated American ... -
Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-09)The mammalian brain is characterized by high energy expenditure and small energy reserves, making it dependent on continuous vascular oxygen and nutritional supply. The brain is therefore extremely vulnerable to hypoxia. While neurons of most terrestrial mammals suffer from irreversible damage after only short periods of hypoxia, neurons of the deep-diving hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) show ... -
An ice-tethered buoy for fish and plankton research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2019-01-10)In this paper the authors present bio-acoustical icetethered platform for optical, physical and ecological sensors (POPE), i.e. an ice-tethered buoy, equipped with an AZFP scientific echosounder for fish and plankton research under the ice in the Arctic. The POPE enables remote transfer of large volume of environmental information using flying vehicles as data-mules. The presented prototype has been ... -
Batch Experiments Demonstrating a Two-Stage Bacterial Process Coupling Methanotrophic and Heterotrophic Bacteria for 1-Alkene Production From Methane
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-19)Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) is a sustainable carbon feedstock for value-added chemical production in aerobic CH<sub>4</sub>-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs). Under substrate-limited (e.g., oxygen and nitrogen) conditions, CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation results in the production of various short-chain organic acids and platform chemicals. These CH<sub>4</sub>-derived products could be broadened by ... -
Light and freshwater discharge drive the biogeochemistry and microbial ecology in a sub-Arctic fjord over the Polar night
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-30)The polar night has recently received increased attention as a surprisingly active biological season. Yet, polar night microbial ecology is a vastly understudied field. To identify the physical and biogeochemical parameters driving microbial activity over the dark season, we studied a sub-Arctic fjord system in northern Norway from autumn to early spring with detailed monthly sampling. We focused ... -
Occurrence of emerging brominated flame retardants and organophosphate esters in marine wildlife from the Norwegian Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-10)To understand the exposure and potential sources of emerging brominated flame retardants (EBFR) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) in marine wildlife from the Norwegian Arctic, we investigated concentrations of EBFRs in 157 tissue samples from nine species of marine vertebrates and OPEs in 34 samples from three whale species. The samples, collected from a wide range of species with contrasting ... -
The prevalence of camel brucellosis and associated risk factors: A global meta-epidemiological study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-10)Camel brucellosis is a widespread and critical zoonotic infection caused by <i>Brucella abortus</i> and <i>Brucella meli-tensis</i> that negatively impact dairy and meat products.The current meta-analysis covers studies published over a course of 40 years, between 1 January 1980 and 1 April 2021, aiming to investigate the global prevalence of Brucella spp. in camels ... -
Description and Spatial Modelling of Benthic Communities Distribution in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-29)In the Arctic, sea ice loss has already transformed the dominant sources and periodicity of primary production in some areas, raising concerns over climate change impacts on benthic communities. Considered to be excellent indicators of environmental changes, benthic invertebrates play important roles in nutrient cycling, sediment oxygenation and decomposition. However, this biological component ... -
Phylogeography and cryptic species structure of a locally adapted parasite in New Zealand
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-21)The phylogeographic patterns of many taxa on New Zealand's South Island are characterized by disjunct distributions that have been attributed to Pleistocene climatic cycles and the formation of the Southern Alps. Pleistocene glaciation has been implicated in shaping the contemporary genetic differentiation between populations of the aquatic snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum. We investigated whether ... -
Combined effects of temperature and fishing mortality on the Barents Sea ecosystem stability
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-16)Temporal variability in abundance and composition of species in marine ecosystems results from a combination of internal processes, external drivers, and stochasticity. One way to explore the temporal variability in an ecosystem is through temporal stability, measured using the inverse of the coefficient of variation for biomass of single species. The effect of temperature and fisheries on the ... -
Marine mammal hotspots across the circumpolar Arctic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-11)Aim: Identify hotspots and areas of high species richness for Arctic marine mammals.<p><p> Location: Circumpolar Arctic. <p>Methods: A total of 2115 biologging devices were deployed on marine mammals from 13 species in the Arctic from 2005 to 2019. Getis-Ord Gi* hotspots were calculated based on the number of individuals in grid cells for each species and for phyloge-netic groups (nine pinnipeds, ... -
The Influence of Sea Ice Cover and Atlantic Water Advection on Annual Particle Export North of Svalbard
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-04)The Arctic Ocean north of Svalbard has recently experienced large sea ice losses and the increasing prominence of Atlantic water (AW) advection. To investigate the impact of these ongoing changes on annual particle export, two moorings with sequential sediment traps were deployed in ice-free and seasonally ice-covered waters on the shelf north (NSv) and east (ESv) of Svalbard, collecting sinking ... -
Evidence of temperature control on mesopelagic fish and zooplankton communities at high latitudes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-06)Across temperate and equatorial oceans, a diverse community of fish and zooplankton occupies the mesopelagic zone, where they are detectable as sound-scattering layers. At high latitudes, extreme day-night light cycles may limit the range of some species, while at lower latitudes communities are structured by dynamic ocean processes, such as temperature. Using acoustic and oceanographic ... -
Parasitic plant small RNA analyses unveil parasite- specific signatures of microRNA retention, loss, and gain
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-21)Parasitism is a successful life strategy that has evolved independently in several families of vascular plants. The genera Cuscuta and Orobanche represent examples of the two profoundly different groups of parasites: one parasitizing host shoots and the other infecting host roots. In this study, we sequenced and described the overall repertoire of small RNAs from Cuscuta campestris and Orobanche ... -
Genetic stock identification reveals greater use of an oceanic feeding ground around the Faroe Islands by multi-sea winter Atlantic salmon, with variation in use across reporting groups
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-18)While it is known that the oceans around the Faroe Islands support an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) feeding ground, the relative use of this resource by different age classes and populations remains largely unexplored. Using genetic stock identification and run–reconstruction modelling, we observed a consistent pattern whereby the proportion of multi-sea winter salmon (MSW—fish that have spent ... -
Parasite faunas of farmed cod and adjacent wild cod populations in Norway: a comparison
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-07-14)Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. is host to more than 120 parasite species. Background abundance of these parasite species on adjacent wild hosts determines the infection pressure on cod farmed in open pens. In 2006, 2007 and 2008, 343 cod were collected from 4 locations along the coast of Norway: Øksfjord, Kvarøy, Brønnøysund and Ålesund. Freshly killed wild local cod, wild migratory cod, hatchery-reared ... -
The complete mitochondrial genome of the southern calanoid copepod Calanus simillimus Giesbrecht, 1902
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-07)The complete mitochondrial genome of Calanus simillimus is 27,876 bp in length (GenBank accession OK500294) and containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes. The gene order is novel compared to other Calanus species and copepods with sequenced mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that C. simillimus represent a fourth group within Calanus genus in addition ... -
Consequences of COVID-19 on the Reindeer Husbandry in Norway: a Pilot Study Among Management Staff and Herders
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-02)The outbreak of COVID-19 has had an enormous impact on most of society. The most effective measure to prevent the spread has been reducing mobility, which is especially problematic for pastoralists relying on mobility to follow the movement of their livestock. We investigated to what degree Norwegian reindeer husbandry and the reindeer husbandry management system are affected by COVID-19 and government ... -
Native Chilean Fruits and the Effects of Their Functional Compounds on Human Health
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2017-03-01)In recent years, there has been great interest in the nutraceutical compounds of fruits from native Chilean plant species. In this context, fruits of Amomyrtus meli (Meli), Aristotelia chilensis (Maqui), Berberis microphylla (Calafate), Luma apiculata (Arrayán), Luma chequén (Chequén), and Ugni molinae (Murtilla) growing predominantly in Chilean forests have been studied. This chapter has compiled ... -
Surface chlorophyll anomalies induced by mesoscale eddy- wind interactions in the northern Norwegian Sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-29)The substantial productivity of the northern Norwegian Sea is closely related to its strong mesoscale eddy activity, but how eddies affect phytoplankton biomass levels in the upper ocean through horizontal and vertical transportmixing has not been well quantified. To assess mesoscale eddy induced ocean surface chlorophyll-a concentration (CHL) anomalies and modulation of eddywind interactions in ...