Abstract Since 2017, Norway has experienced a large influx of Pacific pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbusha), and this species occurrence has created challenges for society, businesses, the environment, and policymakers. However, there is currently no consensus on whether pink salmon is a new resource or a pest in Norway. While some people perceive pink salmon as a food resource and a good recreational ...

Production cycles in birds are proposed as prime cases of indirect interactions in food webs. They are thought to be driven by predators switching from rodents to bird nests in the crash phase of rodent population cycles. Although rodent cycles are geographically widespread and found in different rodent taxa, bird production cycles appear to be most profound in the high Arctic where lemmings ...

<p>Climate change is a major concern in the Arctic region, as large amounts of organic carbon (C) are stored in permafrost soils and sediments. Increasing average temperatures have the potential to release that C and making it available to biologic activity. Carbon-rich, anoxic soils such as peatlands are inhabited by methanogenic archaea that can metabolize by-products of microbial C decomposition ...

The brain of diving mammals is repeatedly exposed to low oxygen conditions (hypoxia) that would have caused severe damage to most terrestrial mammals. Some whales may dive for > 2 h with their brain remaining active. Many of the physiological adaptations of whales to diving have been investigated, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that enable their brain to survive sometimes ...

Living organisms show seasonality in a wide array of functions such as reproduction, fattening, hibernation, and migration. At temperate latitudes, changes in photoperiod maintain the alignment of annual rhythms with predictable changes in the environment.The appropriate physiological response to changing photoperiod in mammals requires retinal detection of light and pineal secretion of melatonin, ...

This article discusses what promotes motivation and learning in students of project management. It is based on a qualitative study with six students from different project groups at a higher education institution in Norway. The study shows that ownership of self-chosen projects and regular feedback from the supervisor lead to hard work, intrinsic motivation and learning in all phases of the project. ...

Understanding Arctic deep-sea ecosystem structure and functioning is an urgent task because ongoing sea-ice reduction modifies and opens up these regions for resource exploitation. This thesis aims to increase knowledge on epibenthos in the Chukchi Borderland (deep Arctic Ocean). Paper I documents low epifaunal densities and biomass, a total of 152 taxa, and dominance of Echinodermata, Arthropoda ...

I oppgaven undersøker vi hvilke forventninger ansatte i Åkerblå Group har til sine ledere. Vi skiller de ansatte på alder og kjønn, og ser etter likheter og forskjeller mellom disse to gruppene. Alder skilles mellom 18 og 40 år og 41 år eller eldre. Forskningsdesignet er kvantitativt og vi har benyttet oss av et eksisterende og godt utprøvd spørreskjema, LBDQ - Leadership Behaviour Description ...

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota of vertebrates plays critical roles in nutrition, development, immunity and resistance against invasive pathogens. In the past decade, research of the GI microbiota of mammals has drastically increased our knowledge on the microbiota and their relationship with health and disease. However, our understanding of fish intestinal microbiota is limited. This ...

In the northern hemisphere, humpback whales (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>) typically migrate between summer/autumn feeding grounds at high latitudes, and specific winter/spring breeding grounds at low latitudes. Northeast Atlantic (NEA) humpback whales for instance forage in the Barents Sea and breed either in the West Indies, or the Cape Verde Islands, undertaking the longest recorded mammalian ...