Action–effect learning is based on a theoretical concept that actions are associated with their perceivable consequences through bidirectional associations. Past research has mostly investigated how these bidirectional associations are formed through actual behavior and perception of the consequences. The present research expands this idea by investigating how verbally formulated action–effect ...

This qualitative study explores how business leaders narrate their personal ways of recognizing, reasoning, and resolving moral conficts and what these stories reveal about their moral identity processes within organizational contexts. Based on interviews with 25 business leaders, 4 moral identity statuses were identifed: achievement (commitment to a personally meaningful moral value framework ...

<p><b>Beskrivelse. </b>The Children’s Communication Checklist-Second Edition (CCC-2; Bishop, 2003) kartlegger muntlig og pragmatisk språk hos barn i aldersgruppen 4:0–16:11 år. Norsk og internasjonal rettighetshaver er Pearson Assessment. Den norske oversettelsen er utført av Wenche Andersen Helland og Lillian Hollund-Møllerhaug med hjelp fra klinisk ekspertise, og ble ferdigstilt i 2011. ...

Repeatedly experiencing a specific stimulus-affect contingency influences subsequent evaluative responses towards the respective stimulus (e.g., evaluative conditioning). In the present research, we provide further evidence that verbally processed stimulus-affect contingencies in the form of if-then plans have comparable evaluative consequences. We present three studies (N = 323) in which participants ...

Background: The Coronary Revascularisation Outcome Questionnaire (CROQ) measures health-related quality of life and outcome of invasive revascularization procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The CROQ has not been properly validated in Norwegian patient populations. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties ...

Background: The optimal stimulation parameters when using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to improve memory performance in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are lacking. In healthy individuals, inter-individual differences in brain anatomy significantly influence current distribution during tDCS, an effect that might be aggravated by variations in cortical atrophy in AD ...

<p><i>Background:</i> Premature ejaculation is the most common sexual dysfunction in young men, and it often leads to reduced relationship satisfaction and quality of life. <p><i>Aim:</i> To determine the role of central and peripheral α2-adrenoceptors in the control of ejaculation and sexual incentive motivation in rats. <p><i>Methods:</i> Sexual incentive motivation was studied in a large arena ...

Research has found psychological dimensions of religiosity/spirituality (R/S) beneficial against non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), whereas the effect of R/S social aspects is less studied. Using data from the SAMINOR 2 Questionnaire Survey (2012, n = 10,717 ages 18–69; response rate: 27%; non-Sami: 66%; females: 55%), we examined the association of R/S—religious attendance, congregational affiliation, ...

From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) compared with adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multisite study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic ...

How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design in addition to the original ones, to help determine ...