Happiness is typically reported as an important reason for participating in challenging activities like extreme sport. While in the middle of the activity, however, participants do not seem particularly happy. So where does the happiness come from? The article proposes some answers from a study of facially expressed emotions measured moment-by-moment during a backcountry skiing event. Self-reported ...

During the past decade, it became clear that the electric field elicited by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are substantially influenced by variations in individual head and brain anatomy. In addition to structural variations in the healthy, several psychiatric disorders are characterized ...

<p><i>Background</i>: Evidence shows that internet-based self-help interventions are effective in reducing symptoms for a wide range of mental disorders. To date, online interventions treating psychotic disorders have been scarce, even though psychosis is among the most burdensome disorders worldwide. Furthermore, the implementation of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for psychosis in routine ...

Background:<br> Dysfunctional thoughts- and use of physical activity (PA) are core symptoms of the eating disorders (ED) bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). The compulsive desire for PA complicates a favourable treatment outcome; hence, regular, adapted PA led by personnel with competence in exercise science is rarely part of treatment of BN and BED. The present study compared ...

<p><i>Background</i>: The long-term effects of presurgical psychological interventions on weight loss, eating behaviors, affective symptoms, and health-related quality of life remain uncertain. This study aimed to assess the 4-year effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) before bariatric surgery on these outcomes.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Single-center randomized controlled parallel-group ...

Stereotype-threat theory holds that activation of a negative stereotype has a harmful effect on performance in cognitive and motor domains. This paper provides a literature review of stereotype-threat research in the motor domain followed by recommendations for sport psychology practitioners. The review discusses the most widespread stereotypes that exist in sport, the effects of stereotype activation ...

Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) exhibit volume reduction in cerebral gray matter (GM), and several studies report reduced hippocampus volume. The hippocampal subfields (HS) are functionally and structurally distinct, and appear to respond differently to neuropathology. The aim of this study was to investigate HS volumes in adolescent females with restrictive AN compared to a healthy age-matched ...

This study aimed to better characterize age‐related differences in dexterity by using an integrative approach where movement times and kinematics were measured for both hands. Forty‐five young (age 19–31) and 55 healthy older adults (age 60–88) were evaluated during unimanual and bimanual performance of the Purdue Pegboard Test. Gender effects were also assessed. From video‐recorded data, movement ...

<p><i>BAKGRUNN</i>: Denne artikkelen er en kunnskapsoppsummering av effektene av tiltaket FRIENDS for life, et behandlingsprogram for barn og ungdommer med angst. Tiltaket er tilrettelagt for grupper, men kan også brukes individuelt. FRIENDS har som mål å hjelpe barn og ungdommer med å utvikle ferdigheter og kunnskaper som gjør dem bedre rustet til å håndtere angstprovoserende situasjoner. I Norge ...

Gender roles are formed in early childhood and continue to influence behavior through adolescence and adulthood, including the choice of academic majors and careers. In many countries, men are underrepresented in communal roles in health care, elementary education, and domestic functions (HEED fields, Croft et al., 2015), whereas women are underrepresented in the science, technology, engineering, ...