Institutt for farmasi: Nye registreringer

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    • Development of chitosan-coated liposomes for improved therapy of vaginal infections: clotrimazole as model drug 

      Jøraholmen, May Wenche Bakke (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05)
      For many drugs the vaginal route of administration is favorable, particularly for local therapy of specific gynecological diseases such as vaginal infections. A large variety of pharmaceutical preparations have been developed for vaginal delivery, nevertheless, the efficiency of currently available dosage forms is often limited by their poor retention time at the vaginal site. Physiological changes ...

    • Biological and chemical characterization of ianthelline isolated from a marine sponge 

      Siiri, Anette Olli (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-05-20)
      Abstract Previous studies of sponges have led to the discovery of the commercially available drugs cytarabin and vidarabin. The arctic sponge Stryphnus fortis showed antibacterial and anticancer activity in the primary screening in the MabCent screening program; most likely from more than one compound. Dereplication with TOF-MS suggested the presence of ianthelline as one of the active compounds. ...

    • Optimization of antimicrobial wound dressings: liposomal hydrogels with mupirocin 

      Nguyen, Truc Phuong (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-20)
      Skin injuries represent an important health problem that needs to be managed properly in order to avoid serious consequences in terms of morbidity, disability and life quality. The current focus in wound therapy is on upholding the moisture balance in the wound bed and protection against pathogenic invasion. Wound dressings in a form of hydrogels incorporating antimicrobials, such as the antibiotic ...

    • Studier av mekanismer for subcellulær lokalisering av transkripsjonsfaktoren FoxO3a og regulering av FoxO3a-mediert transkripsjon 

      Christensen, Andreas Aleksander (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-20)
      Lokalisering av FoxO transkripsjonsfaktorer reguleres av posttranslasjonelle modifikasjoner (PTM) som involverer fosforylering, ubiquitinering, acetylering og deacetylering. Disse modifikasjonene har betydning for subcellulær lokalisering av FoxO3a som videre kan regulere cellesyklus arrest, apoptose og autofagi. I tillegg spiller FoxO transkripsjonsfaktorer en viktig rolle for utvikling av kreft, ...

    • En søken etter stabile sirkulerende biomarkører ved bruk av stor-skala miRNA profilering av humane brystkreftcellelinjer 

      Sivertsen, Cathrine (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-06-13)
      En av de store utfordringene innenfor kreftforskning, er å finne og identifisere stabile biomarkører som kan brukes til diagnostisering. I 2008 ble miRNA for første gang detektert i blod, siden har det også blitt detektert i andre kroppsvæsker. Ekstracellulære miRNA er godt egnet som potensielle biomarkører, siden de har vist seg å være svært stabile i kroppsvæsker uten å bli degradert av ribonukleaser. ...

    • En rolle for MK5 i cellesyklus-progresjon? 

      Aghdam, Mohammad Reza Fatholahzadeh (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2011-06-06)
      Cellesyklus er sekvensen av hendelser som produserer to datterceller fra en celle. Cellesyklus er en reguleringsprosess som er nøye kontrollert og regulert av såkalte cyklinavhengig kinaser (CDK). Protein fosforylering er en kontrollmekanisme som regulerer de fleste aspekter av cellulært liv som for eksempel signaloverføring, metabolisme og cellesyklus progresjon. Enzymene som katalysere fosforyleringen ...

    • Potentials of Chitosan-based Delivery Systems in Wound Therapy: Bioadhesion Study 

      Hurler, Julia; Skalko-Basnet, Natasa (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Chitosan is currently proposed to be one of the most promising polymers in wound dressing development. Our research focuses on its potential as a vehicle for nano-delivery systems destined for burn therapy. One of the most important features of wound dressing is its bioadhesion to the wounded site. We compared the bioadhesive properties of chitosan with those of Carbopol, a synthetic origin polymer. ...

    • Dacarbazine and the Agonistic TRAIL Receptor-2 Antibody Lexatumumab Induce Synergistic Anticancer Effects in Melanoma 

      Engesæter, Birgit Øvstebø; Engebråten, Olav; Flørenes, Vivi Ann; Mælandsmo, Gunhild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Mapatumumab and lexatumumab (targeting death receptor 4 (DR4) and 5 (DR5), respectively) are agonistic TRAIL receptor antibodies that induce apoptosis in a wide range of cancer cells. The potency of mapatumumab and lexatumumab was assessed in mono therapy protocols, and the ability to sensitize for dacarbazine (DTIC) treatment was explored in ten different melanoma cell lines. Our data indicated ...

    • Natural Transformation Facilitates Transfer of Transposons, Integrons and Gene Cassettes between Bacterial Species 

      Domingues, Sara; Harms, Klaus; Fricke, W. Florian; Johnsen, Pål Jarle; da Silva, Gabriela J.; Nielsen, Kåre M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      We have investigated to what extent natural transformation acting on free DNA substrates can facilitate transfer of mobile elements including transposons, integrons and/or gene cassettes between bacterial species. Naturally transformable cells of Acinetobacter baylyi were exposed to DNA from integron-carrying strains of the genera Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, ...

    • Characterization and Cytotoxicity Studies of the Rare 21:4 n-7 Acid and Other Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids from the Marine Opisthobranch Scaphander lignarius, Isolated Using Bioassay Guided Fractionation 

      Vasskog, Terje; Andersen, Jeanette hammer; Hansen, Espen; Svenson, Johan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The marine opisthobranch Scaphander lignarius has been analyzed in the systematic search for novel bioactive compounds in Arctic marine organisms using bioassay guided fractionation. A number of highly cytotoxic fractions were shown to contain mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Selected PUFAs were isolated and identified using both liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear ...

    • Controlling Antimicrobial Resistance through Targeted, Vaccine-Induced Replacement of Strains 

      Tekle, Yonas I.; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Liu, Jingzhou; Pettigrew, Melinda M.; Meyers, Lauren A.; Galvani, Alison P.; Townsend, Jeffrey P. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Vaccination has proven effective in controlling many infectious diseases. However, differential effectiveness with regard to pathogen genotype is a frequent reason for failures in vaccine development. Often, insufficient immune response is induced to prevent infection by the diversity of existing serotypes present in pathogenic populations of bacteria. These vaccines that target a too narrow spectrum ...

    • Cytoplasmic BRMS1 expression in malignant melanoma is associated with increased disease-free survival 

      Slipicevic, Ana; Holm, Ruth; Emilsen, Elisabeth; Rosnes, Anne Katrine Ree; Welch, Danny R.; Mælandsmo, Gunhild; Flørenes, Vivi Ann (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) blocks metastasis in melanoma xenografts; however, its usefulness as a biomarker in human melanomas has not been widely studied. The goal was to measure BRMS1 expression in benign nevi, primary and metastatic melanomas and evaluate its impact on disease progression and prognosis. Paraffin-embedded tissue from 155 primary melanomas, 69 metastases and 15 ...

    • Expression of S100A4, ephrin-A1 and osteopontin in non-small cell lung cancer 

      Rud, Ane Kristine Kongsgaard; Lund-Iversen, Marius; Berge, Gisle; Brustugun, Odd Terje; Solberg, Steinar; Mælandsmo, Gunhild; Pedersen, Kjetil Boye (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The metastasis-promoting protein S100A4 induces expression of ephrin-A1 and osteopontin in osteosarcoma cell lines. The aim of this study was to investigate S100A4-mediated stimulation of ephrin-A1 and osteopontin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, and to characterize the expression of these biomarkers in primary tumor tissue from NSCLC patients. Four NSCLC cell lines were treated ...

    • A Trade-off between the Fitness Cost of Functional Integrases and Long-term stability of Integrons 

      Starikova, Irina; Harms, Klaus; Haugen, Pål; Lunde, Tracy Munthali; Primicerio, Raul; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Johnsen, Pål Jarle (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a major role in bacterial microevolution as evident from the rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial drug resistance. Few studies have however addressed the population dynamics of newly imported genetic elements after HGT. Here, we show that newly acquired class-1 integrons from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Acinetobacter baumannii, free of ...

    • Use of 3-D modelling in early development phase of pectin tablets 

      Salbu, Linda; Picker-Freyer, Katharina M.; Schmid, Wolfgang; Bauer-Brandl, Annette; Tho, Ingunn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      This study examines the contribution of the 3-D model in an early development set-up for pectin tablets. Therefore, the aim of this work is to extract as much information on the compression behaviour from as few tablets as possible. Pectins with various degrees of methoxylation (DM) were studied (4-72%). The compressibility was evaluated by classical “in-die” Heckel and Kawakita analyses in addition ...

    • Ultrasound-mediated destabilization and drug release from liposomes comprising dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine 

      Evjen, Tove Julie; Nilssen, Esben A.; Barnert, Sabine; Schubert, Rolf; Brandl, Martin; Fossheim, Sigrid L (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)
      Novel sonosensitive doxorubicin-containing liposomes comprising dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) as the main lipid constituent were developed and characterized in terms of ultrasound-mediated drug release in vitro. The liposome formulation showed high sonosensitivity; where approximately 95% doxorubicin was released from liposomes after 6 min of 40 kHz US exposure in buffered sucrose solution. ...

    • Karakterisering og optimalisering av myke omega-3-kapsler med kalsium : et prosjekt i sammarbeid med ProBio Neutraceuticals AS/Ayanda 

      Tendeland, Judit Chipo (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-05-20)
      For omega-3-kapsler med kalsiumkarbonat ble det observert problemer med dannelse av brune flekker som misfarget det hvite kapselskallet en viss tid etter produksjon. Produktet er myke suspendert i fyllmaterialet. Av visuelle årsaker er denne suspensjonen maskert ved å tilsette titaniumdioksid som fargestoff i gelatinkapselskallet. En hypotese er at misfargingen skyldes lekkasje av fiskeolje fra ...

    • Isolering og karakterisering av antibakterielle forbindelser i sjøstjernene: Urasterias linckii, Solaster endeca og Crossaster papposus 

      Ngo, Thong Huu (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-06)
      Antibakteriell aktivitet mot Gram positive og Gram negative bakterier er påvist i ekstrakter av celler og plasma fra Solaster endeca, Crossaster papposus og Urasterias Linckii. Det har også blitt påvist antibakteriell aktivitet mot Gram negative bakterier i ekstrakter av hel kropp fra Solaster endeca og Croassaster papposus. Materialet ble grovekstrahert med 60 % Acetonitril, videre ble vannfase og ...

    • Isolering og karakterisering av forbindelser med anticancereffekt fra tre ulike marine organismer 

      Jalal, Shwan Hiwa (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-06-16)
      Marin bioprospektering er i hurtig fremmarsj både i Norge og på verdensbasis. Det kan defineres som en formålrettet og systematisk leting etter bestander, bioaktive forbindelser eller gener i marine organismer med sikte på utvikling av et produkt som er kommersielt eller samfunnsmessige viktige. Målet med denne oppgaven er å lete etter forbindelser med anticancereffekt i ekstrakter av tre ulike ...

    • Identifisering av en gruppe glykosyltransferaser som mulige målgener for transkripsjonsfaktoren Pax6 

      Nguyen, Huong-Lan Thi (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2009-11-09)
      Det har vært stadig mer forskning på rollen av glykosylering i utvikling av sykdommer i de siste tiårene. Glykosylering av proteiner er en prosess hvor karbohydrat grupper overføres til et protein ved hjelp av glykosyltransferaser. Denne prosessen er nødvendig for riktig folding av proteiner som gir riktig funksjon til ulike proteiner. Endringer i glykosylering av proteiner har vist å ha sammenheng ...