Institutt for farmasi: Recent submissions

Now showing items 321-340 of 656

    • Molecular transfer to Atlantic salmon ovulated eggs using liposomes 

      Kumari, Jaya; Flaten, Gøril Eide; Skalko-Basnet, Natasa; Tveiten, Helge (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-15)
      The delivery of exogenous biomolecules into teleost eggs is currently mostly relying on the manual microinjection methods, which, due to their high costs and low throughput, are not economically feasible for large-scale aquaculture applications. The main objective of this study was to develop a convenient, simple immersion delivery model for unfertilized Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) eggs using ...

    • Metabolic reprogramming supports the invasive phenotype in malignant melanoma 

      Bettum, Ingrid Johanne; Gorad, Saurabh Sayajirao; Barkovskaya, Anna; Pettersen, Solveig; Moestue, Siver Andreas; Vasiliauskaite, Kotryna; Tenstad, Ellen; Øyjord, Tove Ragnhild; Risa, Øystein; Nygaard, Vigdis; Mælandsmo, Gunhild; Prasmickaite, Lina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2015)
      Invasiveness is a hallmark of aggressive cancer like malignant melanoma, and factors involved in acquisition or maintenance of an invasive phenotype are attractive targets for therapy. We investigated melanoma phenotype modulation induced by the metastasis-promoting microenvironmental protein S100A4, focusing on the relationship between enhanced cellular motility, dedifferentiation and metabolic ...

    • Dissemination and Characteristics of a Novel Plasmid-Encoded Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Class D β-Lactamase, OXA-436, Found in Isolates from Four Patients Involving Six Different Hospitals in Denmark. 

      Samuelsen, Ørjan; Hansen, Frank; Aasnæs, Bettina; Hasman, Henrik; Lund, Bjarte Aarmo; Leiros, Hanna-Kirsti S.; Lilje, Berit; Janice, Jessin; Jakobsen, Lotte; Littauer, Pia; Søes, Lillian M; Holzknecht, Barbara J.; Andersen, Leif P; Stegger, Marc; Andersen, Paal S.; Hammerum, Anette M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-23)
      The diversity of OXA-48-like carbapenemases are continually expanding. In this study, we describe the dissemination and characteristics of a novel class D carbapenemase (CHDL) named OXA-436. In total, six OXA-436-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates including Enterobacter asburiae (n=3), Citrobacter freundii (n=2) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=1) were identified in four patients in the period between ...

    • Prognostic significance of S100A4-expression and subcellular localization in early-stage breast cancer 

      Egeland, Eivind Valen; Pedersen, Kjetil Boye; Park, Daehoon; Synnestvedt, Marit; Sauer, Torill; The Oslo Breast Cancer Consortium (OSBREAC); Naume, Bjørn; Borgen, Elin; Mælandsmo, Gunhild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-05)
      Purpose: <br> Prognostic factors are useful in order to identify early-stage breast cancer patients who might benefit from adjuvant treatment. The metastasis-promoting protein S100A4 has previously been associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. The protein is expressed in diverse subcellular compartments, including the cytoplasm, extracellular space, and nucleus. Nuclear expression ...

    • Influence of chain length on the activity of tripeptidomimetic antagonists for CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) 

      Baumann, Markus; Hussain, Mohammad Musarraf; Henne, Nina; Garrote, Daniel Moya; Karlshøj, Stefanie; Fossen, Torgils; Rosenkilde, Mette M.; Våbenø, Jon; Haug, Bengt Erik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-21)
      Here we report a series of close analogues of our recently published scaffold-based tripeptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonists, containing positively charged guanidino groups in R1 and R2, and an aromatic group in R3. While contraction/elongation of the guanidine carrying side chains (R1 and R2) resulted in loss of activity, introduction of bromine in position 1 on the naphth-2-ylmethyl moiety (R3 ...

    • Use of a Commercially Available Microarray to Characterize Antibiotic-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae 

      Charnock, Colin; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Nordlie, Anne-Lise; Hjeltnes, Bjarne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-22)
      Commercially available microarray (IDENTIBAC AMR-ve) for the detection of antibiotic resistance determinants was investigated for its potential to genotype 30 clinical isolates and two control strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance profiles and the production of extended-spectrum b-lactamases were determined by disc diffusion and the results were compared with the microarray profiles in order ...

    • Using chemical reaction kinetics to predict optimal antibiotic treatment strategies 

      Abel zur Wiesch, Pia; Clarelli, Fabrizio; Cohen, Ted (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-06)
      Identifying optimal dosing of antibiotics has proven challenging—some antibiotics are most effective when they are administered periodically at high doses, while others work best when minimizing concentration fluctuations. Mechanistic explanations for why antibiotics differ in their optimal dosing are lacking, limiting our ability to predict optimal therapy and leading to long and costly experiments. ...

    • Hormonbehandling og hormonkonsentrasjon hos kvinner behandlet for eggstokkreft 

      Egeberg, Celine Victoria (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-05-13)
      Epitelial eggstokkreft (EEK) er den 6. mest vanlige kreftformen blant norske kvinner. Det diagnostiseres ca. 450 nye tilfeller per år. Fem års overlevelse har økt og det har derfor vært viktig å se på langtidseffektene som påvirker kvinnene. Kvinnene kommer i en umiddelbar menopause etter kirurgisk fjerning av eggstokkene. Dette gjør også at de ofte opplever mer symptomer og plager enn kvinner som ...

    • Stability of analgesic admixtures. Degradation and compatibility of common compounds in singular and binary admixtures in use for palliative treatment 

      Koveland, Anne Christine (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)
      Analgesic admixtures are given subcutaneously using patient-controlled analgesia devices and are often used in palliative care. The admixtures contain in most cases several compounds to treat multiple conditions. Despite the wide use, there are few data on the physical and chemical stability of the different admixtures. In this preliminary study, we investigated the stability and compatibility of ...

    • Anti-osteoporotic drug use and quality of life in persons with osteoporosis – The Tromsø Study 

      Fouad, Mahmood (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)
      Introduction: Osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and is a risk factor for hip, wrist, and vertebral fractures. Fragility fractures lead to increased mortality, morbidity, pain, immobility, social isolation and depression, which all may affect the quality of life (QoL). Use of anti-osteoporotic drugs (AOD) reduces the risk of fractures and may influence QoL. Objective: ...

    • Avvik i legemiddelhåndtering ved sykehus, Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge. Sårbare områder, meldekultur og forslag til forbedringstiltak 

      Ademi, Adelina (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)
      BAKGRUNN: Avvik i legemiddelhåndteringen kan assosieres med lengre sykehusopphold og høyere helsekostnader, noe som medfører høy belastning for pasient, pårørende og helsevesen. Avviksrapportering belyser hvor det er læringspotensial og behov for forbedringstiltak. Avvik i helsevesenet skal innrapporteres og brukes som et ledd for å forbedre pasientsikkerheten, forebygge kvalitetssvikt og hindre ...

    • In silico screening for GAT-3 inhibitors 

      Gebregazabhier, Reem Alem (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-15)
      ϒ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system (CNS). GABA exert is function by binding to three different receptor subtypes, the GABAA, GABAB and GABAC receptor. The GABA level in different brain regions are regulated by four GABA transporters (GATs); GAT-1, GAT-2, GAT-3 and BGT-1. GAT-3 is located in glial cells that is controlling GABA function ...

    • A study of Fez1 and Fez2. Establishment of Fez1 and Fez2 knock out cells lines. Localization of Fez1 and Fez2 

      Nguyen, Jenny Thuy Tien (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-16)
      Autophagy is an essential cellular process that is important to maintain homeostasis by degrading proteins, lipids and organelles during critical times like cellular or environmental stress conditions. Autophagy plays a critical role in human pathologies, since defective autophagy can lead to diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative- and inflammatory diseases. Fez1 (Fasciculation and elongation protein ...

    • Collateral sensitivity in clinical Escherichia coli isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin and/or mecillinam 

      Hasund, Camilla Remøy (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-05-16)
      The escalating emergence of AMR is a growing public health concern, and a result of the use and misuse of antibiotics since its introduction. To prevent the development of resistance and preserve the efficacy of antimicrobial agents, new treatment strategies is of utmost importance. One possible approach may be to take advantage of collateral sensitivity, a phenomenon where bacteria acquiring ...

    • Bacillus anthracis gamma phage lysis among soil bacteria: An update on test specificity 

      Kolton, Cari B; Podnecky, Nicole L.; Shadomy, Sean V; Gee, Jay E; Hoffmaster, Alex R (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-16)
      Background: <br> Bacillus anthracis, which causes anthrax in humans and animals, is enzootic in parts of the U.S. state of Texas where cases are typically reported in animals annually. The gamma phage lysis assay is a common diagnostic method for identifcation of B. anthracis and is based on the bacterium’s susceptibility to lysis. This test has been shown to be 97% specifc for B. anthracis, as ...

    • Low dose naltrexone in multiple sclerosis: Effects on medication use. A quasi-experimental study 

      Raknes, Guttorm; Småbrekke, Lars (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-03)
      Low dose naltrexone (LDN) has become a popular off-label therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS). A few small, randomized studies indicate that LDN may have beneficial effects in MS and other autoimmune diseases. If proven efficacious, it would be a cheap and safe alternative to the expensive treatments currently recommended for MS. We investigated whether a sudden increase in LDN use in Norway in 2013 ...

    • Ceramide-containing liposomes with doxorubicin: time and cell-dependent effect of C6 and C12 ceramide 

      Øverbye, Anders; Holsæter, Ann Mari; Fusser, Markus; Skalko-Basnet, Natasa; Iversen, Tore Geir; Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas; Sønstevold, Tonje; Engebråten, Olav; Flatmark, Kjersti; Mælandsmo, Gunhild; Skotland, Tore; Sandvig, Kirsten (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-12)
      Doxorubicin, a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, has several potential high- risk side effects including cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, cellular resistance to this drug develops with time. By using liposomes as carrier vesicles both the side effects and drug resistance might be avoided. In this study we have investigated the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin encapsulated in liposomes with and ...

    • Impact of extensive antibiotic treatment on faecal carriage of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria in children in a low resistance prevalence setting 

      Knudsen, Per Kristian; Brandtzæg, Petter; Høiby, Ernst Arne; Bohlin, Jon; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Steinbakk, Martin; Abrahamsen, Tore G; Müller, Fredrik; Gammelsrud, Karianne Wiger (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-07)
      We prospectively studied the consequences of extensive antibiotic treatment on faecal carriage of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria in a cohort of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and a cohort of children with cancer compared to healthy children with no or low antibiotic exposure. The study was conducted in Norway in a low resistance prevalence setting. Sixty longitudinally collected faecal ...

    • What do Australian consumers, pharmacists and prescribers think about documenting indications on prescriptions and dispensed medicines labels?: A qualitative study 

      Garada, Mona; McLachlan, Andrew J; Schiff, Gordon D; Lehnbom, Elin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-15)
      Background: Documenting the indication on prescriptions and dispensed medicines labels is not standard practice in Australia. However, previous studies that have focused on the content and design of dispensed medicines labels, have suggested including the indication as a safety measure. The aim of this study was to investigate the perspectives of Australian consumers, pharmacists and prescribers ...

    • Direct and indirect risk associated with the use of dietary supplements among persons with dementia in a Norwegian memory clinic 

      Risvoll, Hilde; Giverhaug, Trude; Halvorsen, Kjell H.; Waaseth, Marit; Musial, Frauke (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-12)
      Background: The use of dietary supplements (DS) is common among persons with dementia. Direct risks associated with DS use include adverse events and DS-drug interactions. A direct risk is a risk caused by the treatment itself. Indirect risks are related to the treatment setting, such as the conditions of use, and not to the treatment itself. Because dementia symptoms may reduce a person’s ability ...