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norskArtikler, rapporter og annet (farmasi): Recent submissions
Now showing items 241-260 of 358
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Reconstruction of a nonlinear heat transfer law from uncomplete boundary data by means of infrared thermography
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-07)Heat exchange between a conducting plate and the environment is described here by means of an unknown nonlinear function F of the temperature u. In this paper we construct a method for recovering F by means of polynomial expansion, perturbation theory and the toolbox of thermal inverse problems. We test our method on two examples: In the first one, we heat the plate (initially at 20 °C) from ... -
Fibroblast-induced switching to the mesenchymal-like phenotype and PI3K/mTOR signaling protects melanoma cells from BRAF inhibitors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)The knowledge on how tumor-associated stroma influences efficacy of anti-cancer therapy just started to emerge. Here we show that lung fibroblasts reduce melanoma sensitivity to the BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) vemurafenib only if the two cell types are in close proximity. In the presence of fibroblasts, the adjacent melanoma cells acquire de-differentiated mesenchymal-like phenotype. Upon treatment with ... -
Development and optimization of a new processing approach for manufacturing topical liposomes-in-hydrogel drug formulations by dual asymmetric centrifugation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-24)Objectives: The objective of the present study was to utilize dual asymmetric centrifugation (DAC) as a novel processing approach for the production of liposomes-in-hydrogel formulations. <br>Materials and Methods: Lipid films of phosphatidylcholine, with and without chloramphenicol (CAM), were hydrated and homogenized by DAC to produce liposomes in the form of vesicular phospholipid gels with a ... -
Detection of disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes from patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-17)Background: The regional lymph node involvement is a major prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing surgical resection. Disease relapse is common, suggesting that early disseminated disease is already present in the regional lymph nodes at the time of surgery, and that the current nodal staging classification might be suboptimal. Early detection of disseminated ... -
Prognostic significance of S100A4 expression in stage II and III colorectal cancer: results from a population-based series and a randomized phase III study on adjuvant chemotherapy
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-08)Current clinical algorithms are unable to precisely predict which colorectal cancer patients would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, and there is a need for novel biomarkers to improve the selection of patients. The metastasis-promoting protein S100A4 predicts poor outcome in colorectal cancer, but whether it could be used to guide clinical decision making remains to be resolved. S100A4 exp ... -
Steady at the wheel: Conservative sex and the benefits of bacterial transformation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-12)Many bacteria are highly sexual, but the reasons for their promiscuity remain obscure. Did bacterial sex evolve to maximize diversity and facilitate adaptation in a changing world, or does it instead help to retain the bacterial functions that work right now? In other words, is bacterial sex innovative or conservative? Our aim in this review is to integrate experimental, bioinformatic and ... -
The isolated perfused human skin flap model: A missing link in skin penetration studies?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-05)Development of effective (trans)dermal drug delivery systems requires reliable skinmodels to evaluate skin drug penetration. The isolated perfused human skin flap remainsmetabolically active tissue for up to 6 h during in vitro perfusion. We introduce the isolated perfused human skin flap as a close-to-in vivo skin penetration model. To validate the model's ability to evaluate skin drug penetration ... -
Chitosan-Based Nanomedicine to Fight Genital Candida Infections: Chitosomes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-04)Vaginal infections are associated with high recurrence, which is often due to a lack of efficient treatment of complex vaginal infections comprised of several types of pathogens, especially fungi and bacteria. Chitosan, a mucoadhesive polymer with known antifungal effect, could offer a great improvement in vaginal therapy; the chitosan-based nanosystem could both provide antifungal effects and ... -
An audit and feedback intervention study increased adherence to antibiotic prescribing guidelines at a Norwegian hospital
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-02-27)Background:<br> Appropriate antibiotic prescribing is associated with favourable levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and clinical outcomes. Most intervention studies on antibiotic prescribing originate from settings with high level of AMR. In a Norwegian hospital setting with low level of AMR, the literature on interventions for promoting guideline-recommended antibiotic prescribing in ... -
A sudden and unprecedented increase in low dose naltrexone (LDN) prescribing in Norway. Patient and prescriber characteristics, and dispense patterns. A drug utilization cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-26)Purpose: Following a TV documentary in 2013, there was a tremendous increase in low dose naltrexone (LDN) use in a wide range of unapproved indications in Norway. We aim to describe the extent of this sudden and unprecedented increase in LDN prescribing, to characterize patients and LDN prescribers, and to estimate LDN dose sizes.<br> Methods: LDN prescriptions recorded in the Norwegian Prescription ... -
Substitutions of short heterologous DNA segments of intragenomic or extragenomic origins produce clustered genomic polymorphisms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-27)In a screen for unexplained mutation events we identified a previously unrecognized mechanism generating clustered DNA polymorphisms such as microindels and cumulative SNPs. The mechanism, short-patch double illegitimate recombination (SPDIR), facilitates short single-stranded DNA molecules to invade and replace genomic DNA through two joint illegitimate recombination events. SPDIR is controlled by ... -
Prevalence of Different Combinations of Antiepileptic Drugs and CNS Drugs in Elderly Home Care Service and Nursing Home Patients in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06)Introduction. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are used to treat different conditions in elderly patients and are among the drug classes most susceptible to be involved in drug-drug interactions (DDI). The aim of the study was to describe and compare use of AEDs between home care service and nursing home patients, as these patients are not included in nationwide databases of drug utilization. In the ... -
Amphipathic β2,2-Amino Acid Derivatives Suppress Infectivity and Disrupt the Intracellular Replication Cycle of Chlamydia Pneumoniae
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-09)We demonstrate in the current work that small cationic antimicrobial β2,2-amino acid derivatives (Mw < 500 Da) are highly potent against Chlamydia pneumoniae at clinical relevant concentrations (< 5 μM, i.e. < 3.4 μg/mL). C. pneumoniae is an atypical respiratory pathogen associated with frequent treatment failures and persistent infections. This gram-negative bacterium has a biphasic life cycle ... -
Understanding the binding of inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases by molecular docking, quantum mechanical calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and a MMGBSA/MMBappl study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-01-14)Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) consist of a class of proteins required for normal tissue function. Their over expression is associated with many disease states and hence the interest in MMPs as drug targets. Almost all MMP inhibitors have been reported to fail in clinical trials due to lack of specificity. Zinc in the binding site of metalloproteinases performs essential biological functions ... -
Direct small RNA signatures in extracellular vesicles from breast cancer cell lines
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-31)Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and different subtypes of breast cancer show distinct cellular morphology, gene expression, metabolism, motility, proliferation, and metastatic potential. Understanding the molecular features responsible for this heterogeneity is important for correct diagnosis and better treatment strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their associated molecules ... -
Anti-angiogenic therapy affects the relationship between tumor vascular structure and function: a correlation study between micro-CT angiography and DCE-MRI
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-25)Purpose: To compare the effects of two anti-angiogenic drugs, bevacizumab and a cytosolic phospholipase A2-α inhibitor (AVX235), on the relationship between vascular structure and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI measurements in a patient-derived breast cancer xenograft model. Methods: Mice bearing MAS98.12 tumors were randomized into three groups: bevacizumab-treated (n=9), AVX235-treated ... -
Development and evaluation of a test program for Y-site compatibility testing of total parenteral nutrition and intravenous drugs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-22)Background: There is no standardized procedure or consensus to which tests should be performed to judge compatibility/ incompatibility of intravenous drugs. The purpose of this study was to establish and evaluate a test program of methods suitable for detection of physical incompatibility in Y-site administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and drugs. Methods: Eight frequently used methods ... -
Anti-vascular effects of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 inhibitor AVX235 in a patient-derived basal-like breast cancer model
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-07)<b>Background</b> <br> Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. It is overexpressed in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC), which is aggressive and usually triple-negative, making it unresponsive to current targeted therapies. Here, we evaluated the anti-angiogenic effects of a specific cPLA2α inhibitor, AVX235, in a patient-derived ... -
Efficient and scalable synthesis of α,α-disubstituted β-amino amides
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-07-12)A practical and efficient methodology for the preparation of 2-aminoethyl α,α-disubstituted β-amino amides in three steps from methyl cyanoacetate has been developed. The key step in the synthesis was the chemoselective reduction of the nitrile group in presence of an amide and aryl halide functionalities. Reduction with RANEY® Nickel catalyst, either with molecular hydrogen (8–10 bar) or under ... -
Investigations of immunogenic, allergenic and adjuvant properties of Cry1Ab protein after intragastric exposure in a food allergy model in mice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-04)BACKGROUND In genetically modified (GM) crops there is a risk that the inserted genes may introduce new allergens and/or adjuvants into the food and feed chain. The MON810 maize, expressing the insecticidal Cry1Ab toxin, is grown in many countries worldwide. In animal models, intranasal and intraperitoneal immunisations with the purified Cry1Ab proteins have induced immune responses, and feeding ...
