Viser treff 541-560 av 729

    • Physical Conditions of Fast Glacier Flow: 1. Measurements From Boreholes Drilled to the Bed of Store Glacier, West Greenland 

      Doyle, S. H.; Hubbard, B.; Christoffersen, P.; Young, T.J.; Hofstede, C; Bougamont, M.; Box, J.E.; Hubbard, A.L. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-21)
      Marine‐terminating outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet make significant contributions to global sea level rise, yet the conditions that facilitate their fast flow remain poorly constrained owing to a paucity of data. We drilled and instrumented seven boreholes on Store Glacier, Greenland, to monitor subglacial water pressure, temperature, electrical conductivity, and turbidity along with ...
    • Monitoring marine mammals using unmanned aerial vehicles: quantifying detection certainty 

      Aniceto, Ana Sofia; Biuw, Martin; Lindstrøm, Ulf; Solbø, Stian; Broms, Fredrik Björn; Carroll, JoLynn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-08)
      Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly being recognized as potentially useful for detection of marine mammals in their natural habitats, but an important consideration is the associated uncertainties in animal detection. We present a study based on field trials using UAVs to carry out image‐based monitoring of cetaceans in two fjords in northern Norway. We conducted 12 missions to assess ...
    • High-resolution 3D seismic study of pockmarks and shallow fluid flow systems at the Snøhvit hydrocarbon field in the SW Barents Sea 

      Tasianas, Alexandros; Bünz, Stefan; Bellwald, Benjamin; Hammer, Øyvind; Planke, Sverre; Lebedeva-Ivanova, Nina; Krassakis, Pavlos (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-21)
      The Barents Sea is an epicontinental shelf sea with a fragmented structure consisting of long fault complexes, basins and basement highs. Fluid leakage from deep-seated hydrocarbon accumulations is a widespread phenomenon and mostly related to its denudation history during the glacial/interglacial cycles. In this study, we aimed to better understand shallow fluid flow processes that have led to the ...
    • Sea ice and primary production proxies in surface sediments from a High Arctic Greenland fjord: Spatial distribution and implications for palaeoenvironmental studies 

      Ribeiro, Sofia; Sejr, Mikael K.; Limoges, Audrey; Heikkilä, Maija; Andersen, Thorbjørn Joest; Tallberg, Petra; Weckström, Kaarina; Husum, Katrine; Forwick, Matthias; Dalsgaard, Tage; Massé, Guillaume; Seidenkrantz, Marit-Solveig; Rysgaard, Søren (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-23)
      In order to establish a baseline for proxy-based reconstructions for the Young Sound–Tyrolerfjord system (Northeast Greenland), we analysed the spatial distribution of primary production and sea ice proxies in surface sediments from the fjord, against monitoring data from the Greenland Ecosystem Monitoring Programme. Clear spatial gradients in organic carbon and biogenic silica contents reflected ...
    • Geophysical and geochemical controls on the megafaunal community of a high Arctic cold seep 

      Sen, Arunima; Åström, Emmelie Karin Linnea; Hong, Wei-Li; Portnov, Aleksei D; Waage, Malin; Serov, Pavel; Carroll, Michael Leslie; Carroll, JoLynn (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-25)
      Cold-seep megafaunal communities around gas hydrate mounds (pingos) in the western Barents Sea (76°N, 16°E,  ∼ 400 m depth) were investigated with high-resolution, geographically referenced images acquired with an ROV and towed camera. Four pingos associated with seabed methane release hosted diverse biological communities of mainly nonseep (background) species including commercially important fish ...
    • Fluid flow and methane occurrences in the Disko Bugt area offshore West Greenland: indications for gas hydrates? 

      Nielsen, Tove; Laier, Troels; Kuijpers, Antoon; Rasmussen, Tine Lander; Mikkelsen, Naja E.; Nørgård-Pedersen, Niels (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2014-09-04)
      The present study is the first to directly address the issue of gas hydrates offshore West Greenland, where numerous occurrences of shallow hydrocarbons have been documented in the vicinity of Disko Bugt (Bay). Furthermore, decomposing gas hydrate has been implied to explain seabed features in this climate-sensitive area. The study is based on archive data and new (2011, 2012) shallow seismic and ...
    • Neogene dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs from the high northern latitudes and their relation to sea surface temperature 

      Schreck, Michael; Nam, Seung-Il; Clotten, Caroline; Fahl, Kirsten; De Schepper, Stijn; Forwick, Matthias; Matthiessen, Jens (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-13)
      <p>Organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts and acritarchs are a vital tool for reconstructing past environmental change, in particular in the Neogene of the high northern latitudes where marine deposits are virtually barren of traditionally used calcareous microfossils. Yet only little is known about the paleoenvironmental value of fossil assemblages that do not have modern analogues, so that reconstructions ...
    • Novel biomineralization strategy in calcareous foraminifera 

      Borrelli, Chiara; Panieri, Giuliana; Dahl, Trine Merete; Neufeld, Kai (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018)
      This work shows that calcareous benthic foraminifera are capable of agglutinating sedimentary particles also. In particular, we focus on Melonis barleeanus. Traditionally considered a calcareous species, our data revealed the presence of minute (~3 μm) sedimentary particles (silicate grains) inside the chamber walls of the examined shells. These particles were arranged in a definitive and systematic ...
    • Rheological Weakening of Olivine + Orthopyroxene Aggregates Due To Phase Mixing: Part 2. Microstructural Development 

      Tasaka, Miki; Zimmerman, Mark E; Kohlstedt, David L.; Stünitz, Holger; Heilbronner, Renée (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-08)
      To understand the processes involved in phase mixing during deformation and the resulting changes in rheological behavior, we conducted torsion experiments on samples of iron‐rich olivine plus orthopyroxene. The experiments were conducted at a temperature, T, of 1200°C and a confining pressure, P, of 300 MPa using a gas‐medium deformation apparatus. Samples composed of olivine plus 26% orthopyroxene ...
    • Sulfur diagenesis under rapid accumulation of organic-rich sediments in a marine mangrove from Guadeloupe (French West Indies) 

      Crémière, Antoine; Strauss, Harald; Sebilo, Mathieu; Hong, Wei-Li; Gros, Olivier; Schmidt, Sabine; Tocny, Jennifer; Henry, Françoise; Gontharet, Swanne; Laverman, Anniet M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-21)
      The biogeochemistry of sulfur and carbon during early-diagenetic processes within organic-rich marine mangrove sediments was studied in the “Manche à Eau” lagoon, Guadeloupe, West Indies. These sediments are characterized by a total organic carbon content (TOC) mostly above 11 wt%, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>TOC</sub> below − 25‰ VPDB and C/N<sub>molar</sub> ratios exceeding 15. Rates of mangrove-derived ...
    • The history and future trends of ocean warming-induced gas hydrate dissociation in the SW Barents Sea 

      Vadakkepuliyambatta, Sunil; Chand, Shyam; Bünz, Stefan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-13)
      The Barents Sea is a major part of the Arctic where the Gulf Stream mixes with the cold Arctic waters. Late Cenozoic uplift and glacial erosion have resulted in hydrocarbon leakage from reservoirs, evolution of fluid flow systems, shallow gas accumulations, and hydrate formation throughout the Barents Sea. Here we integrate seismic data observations of gas hydrate accumulations along with gas hydrate ...
    • Ocean temperature variability for the past 60 years on the Norwegian-Svalbard margin influences gas hydrate stability on human time scales 

      Ferré, Benedicte; Mienert, Jurgen; Feseker, Tomas (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012-10-23)
      The potential impact of future climate change on methane release from oceanic gas hydrates is the subject of much debate. We analyzed World Ocean Database quality controlled data on the Norwegian‐Svalbard continental margin from the past 60 years to evaluate the potential effect of ocean temperature variations on continental margin gas hydrate reservoirs. Bottom water temperatures in the Norwegian‐Svalbard ...
    • Keystone Arctic paleoceanographic proxy association with putative methanotrophic bacteria 

      Bernhard, Joan M.; Panieri, Giuliana (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-13)
      Foraminifera in sediments exposed to gas-hydrate dissociation are not expected to have cellular adaptations that facilitate inhabitation of chemosynthesis-based ecosystems because, to date, there are no known endemic seep foraminifera. To establish if foraminifera inhabit sediments impacted by gas-hydrate dissociation, we examined the cellular ultrastructure of <i>Melonis barleeanus</i> (Williamson, ...
    • Quantitative interpretation using inverse rock-physics modeling on AVO data 

      Jensen, Erling Hugo; Johansen, Tor Arne; Avseth, Per Åge; Bredesen, Kenneth (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-16)
      Quantitative seismic interpretation has become an important and critical technology for improved hydrocarbon exploration and production. However, this is typically a resource-demanding process that requires information from several well logs, building a representative velocity model, and, of course, high-quality seismic data. Therefore, it is very challenging to perform in an exploration or appraisal ...
    • Holocene atmospheric circulation in the central North Pacific: A new terrestrial diatom and d18O dataset from the Aleutian Islands 

      Bailey, Hannah L.; Kaufman, Darrell S.; Sloane, Hilary J.; Hubbard, Alun Lloyd; Henderson, Andrew C.G.; Leng, Melanie J.; Meyer, Hanno; Welker, Jeffrey M. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-02)
      The North Pacific is a zone of cyclogenesis that modulates synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation, yet there is a paucity of instrumental and paleoclimate data to fully constrain its long-term state and variability. We present the first Holocene oxygen isotope record (δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>diatom</sub>) from the Aleutian Islands, using siliceous diatoms preserved in Heart Lake on Adak Island (51.85° ...
    • Rapid Surface Lowering of Benito Glacier, Northern Patagonian Icefield 

      Ryan, Jonathan C.; Sessions, Martin; Wilson, Ryan; Wündrich, Olaf; Hubbard, Alun L. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-01)
      The Patagonian Icefields, which straddle the Andes below 46°S, are two of the most sensitive ice masses on Earth to climate change. However, recent mass loss from the icefields along with its spatial and temporal variability is not well-constrained. Here we determine surface elevation changes of Benito Glacier, a 163 km2 outlet glacier draining the western flank of the North Patagonian Icefield, ...
    • New geophysical evidence for a revised maximum position of part of the NE sector of the Greenland ice sheet during the last glacial maximum 

      Laberg, Jan Sverre; Forwick, Matthias; Husum, Katrine; Laberg, Jan Sverre (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-26)
      The extent and dynamics of the north-eastern sector of the Greenland ice sheet (GIS) during the last glacial still remain very uncertain, and maximum ice extents to inner-shelf, mid-shelf and outer-shelf positions have been suggested. Here we argue that the margin of the GIS reached the shelf break along part of its NE sector during the last glacial maximum. Swath-bathymetry and sub-bottom profiler ...
    • Ice-stream dynamics of the SW Barents Sea revealed by high-resolution 3D seismic imaging of glacial deposits in the Hoop area 

      Bellwald, Benjamin; Planke, Sverre; Piasecka, Emilia Daria; Matar, M.A.; Andreassen, Karin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-07)
      Recent developments in seismic acquisition systems and seismic data visualization have contributed to improve the imaging of seismic geomorphologies over a broad range of topics. This study focuses on a new high-resolution P-Cable 3D seismic cube located in the Hoop area in the SW Barents Sea. The scientific motivations of the study are (1) to document glacial landforms on a meter-scale, (2) to study ...
    • Cenozoic tectonostratigraphy and pre-glacial erosion: A mass-balance study of the northwestern Barents Sea margin 

      Lasabuda, Amando Putra Ersaid; Laberg, Jan Sverre; Knutsen, Stig-Morten; Safronova, Polina (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-26)
      <p>The evolution of the northwestern Barents Sea continental margin, part of a NW-SE trending mega shear zone, has been reconstructed in order to quantify the sedimentation and erosion affecting this area during and after its formation in the Paleogene–Neogene. This development was closely related to the sea-floor opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Our study incorporated 2D seismic data, well ...
    • Relating 3D surface displacement from satellite- and ground-based InSAR to structures and geomorphology of the Jettan rockslide, northern Norway 

      Eriksen, Harald Øverli; Bergh, Steffen G; Larsen, Yngvar; Skrede, Ingrid; Kristensen, Lene; Lauknes, Tom Rune; Blikra, Lars Harald; Kierulf, Halfdan Pascal (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-13)
      This study combines remote sensing data from ground- and satellite-based radar to calculate 3D displacement vectors for the Jettan rockslide, Troms, northern Norway. Using 3D displacement vectors, aspect data and strain rates in conjunction with structure (foliation, faults, fractures), geomorphological elements (ridges, scarps, terraces, depressions), topography and borehole data, we identify zones ...