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dc.contributor.authorBaddeley, Lisa
dc.contributor.authorLorentzen, Dag Arne
dc.contributor.authorHaaland, Stein Egil
dc.contributor.authorHeino, Erkka Petteri
dc.contributor.authorMann, Ingrid Brigitte
dc.contributor.authorMiloch, Wojciech Jacek
dc.contributor.authorOksavik, Kjellmar
dc.contributor.authorPartamies, Noora
dc.contributor.authorSpicher, Andres
dc.contributor.authorVierinen, Juha-Pekka
dc.date.accessioned2023-10-04T07:01:59Z
dc.date.available2023-10-04T07:01:59Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-04
dc.description.abstractIncoherent scatter radars (ISRs) represent the only instrument (both ground and space based) capable of making high temporal and spatial resolution measurements of multiple atmospheric parameters—such as densities, temperatures, particle velocities, mass flux—over an altitude range covering the entire mesosphere/lower thermosphere/ionosphere (MLTI) system on a quasi-continuous basis. The EISCAT Svalbard incoherent scatter radar (ESR), located just outside Longyearbyen (78.15∘ N) on Svalbard, is the only currently operating facility capable of making such measurements inside the polar cusp—an area of significant energy input into the atmosphere and characterized by heating instabilities and turbulence. The ESR was built in the mid-1990s and has provided valuable data for the international experimental and modelling communities. New radar technologies are now available, in the form of phased array systems, which offer new data products and operational flexibility. This paper outlines the achievements and current research focus of the ESR and provides scientific arguments, compiled from inputs across the international scientific community, for a new phased array ISR facility on Svalbard. In addition to the fundamental scientific arguments, the paper discusses additional benefits of continued ISR observations on Svalbard, building on the key findings of the ESR. Svalbard has a large network of complementary instrumentation both focused on the MLTI system (e.g. the Kjell Henriksen auroral Observatory, the Svalbard SuperDARN radar and the Svalrak sounding rocket launch facility) with synergies to other research fields, such as meteorology and oceanography. As a further holistic system science view of the Earth becomes more important, a new ISR on Svalbard will be important also in this respect with its ability to provide datasets with a wide range of scientific applications. Increased activity in space has highlighted problematic issues such as space debris. A changing Arctic has also seen increased human activity via the opening up of new shipping routes, which are reliant on GNSS technology that is effected by severe turbulence in the MLTI system. As such, societal applications of a future ISR are also presented. The accessibility and logistical support for such a facility is also briefly discussed.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBaddeley, Lorentzen, Haaland, Heino, Mann, Miloch, Oksavik, Partamies, Spicher, Vierinen. Space and atmospheric physics on Svalbard: a case for continued incoherent scatter radar measurements under the cusp and in the polar cap boundary region. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science. 2023;10en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2179409
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9
dc.identifier.issn2197-4284
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/31413
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherSpringeren_US
dc.relation.journalProgress in Earth and Planetary Science
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2023 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleSpace and atmospheric physics on Svalbard: a case for continued incoherent scatter radar measurements under the cusp and in the polar cap boundary regionen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)