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dc.contributor.authorKoenig, Zoe Charlotte
dc.contributor.authorMuilwijk, Morven
dc.contributor.authorSandven, Håkon Johan
dc.contributor.authorLundesgaard, Øyvind
dc.contributor.authorAssmy, Philipp Kurt Wolf
dc.contributor.authorLind, Sigrid Gjessing
dc.contributor.authorAssmann, Karen
dc.contributor.authorChierici, Melissa
dc.contributor.authorFransson, Agneta
dc.contributor.authorGerland, Sebastian
dc.contributor.authorJones, Elizabeth Marie
dc.contributor.authorRenner, Angelika
dc.contributor.authorGranskog, Mats
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-28T11:47:42Z
dc.date.available2023-12-28T11:47:42Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-11
dc.description.abstractStrong seasonality is a key feature of high-latitude systems like the Barents Sea. While the interannual variability and long-term changes of the Barents Sea are well-documented, the seasonal progression of the physical and biological systems is less known, mainly due to poor accessibility of the seasonally ice-covered area in winter and spring. Here, we use an extensive set of physical and biological in situ observations from four scientific expeditions covering the seasonal progression from late winter to late summer 2021 in the northwestern Barents Sea, from fully ice-covered to ice-free conditions. We found that sea ice meltwater and the timing of ice-free conditions in summer shape the environment, controlling heat accumulation, light and nutrient availability, and biological activity vertically, seasonally, and meridionally. In March and May, the ocean north of the Polar Front was ice-covered and featured a deep mixed layer. Chlorophyll-a concentrations increased strongly from March to May along with greater euphotic depth, indicating the beginning of the spring bloom despite the absence of surface layer stratification. By July and in September, sea ice meltwater created a shallow low-density surface layer that strengthened stratification. In open water, chlorophyll-a maxima were found at the base of this layer as surface nutrients were depleted, while in the presence of ice, maxima were closer to the surface. Solar heating and the thickness of the surface layer increased with the number of ice-free days. The summer data showed a prime example of an Arctic-like space-for-time seasonal variability in the key physical and biological patterns, with the summer situation progressing northwards following sea ice retreat. The amount of sea ice melt (local or imported) has a strong control on the conditions in the northwestern Barents Sea, and the conditions in late 2021 resembled pre-2010 Arctic-like conditions with high freshwater content and lower ocean heat content.en_US
dc.identifier.citationKoenig, Muilwijk, Sandven, Lundesgaard, Assmy, Lind, Assmann, Chierici, Fransson, Gerland, Jones, Renner, Granskog. From Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamics. Progress in Oceanography. 2023en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2200756
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103174
dc.identifier.issn0079-6611
dc.identifier.issn1873-4472
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/32252
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.journalProgress in Oceanography
dc.relation.projectIDNorges forskningsråd: 276730en_US
dc.relation.projectIDEC/H2020: CRiceSen_US
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101003826/Norway/ProjecClimate relevant interactions and feedbacks: the key role of sea ice and snow in the polar and global climate systemtName/CRiceS/en_US
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2023 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Geofag: 450::Oseanografi: 452en_US
dc.subjectVDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Geosciences: 450::Oceanography: 452en_US
dc.subjectBarentshavet / Barents Seaen_US
dc.subjectFytoplankton / Phytoplanktonen_US
dc.subjectMarin irradians / Marine irradianceen_US
dc.subjectNæringssalter / Nutrientsen_US
dc.subjectSjøis / Sea iceen_US
dc.titleFrom Winter to Late Summer in the Northwestern Barents Sea Shelf: Impacts of Seasonal Progression of Sea Ice and Upper Ocean on Nutrient and Phytoplankton Dynamicsen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Med mindre det står noe annet, er denne innførselens lisens beskrevet som Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)