Show simple item record

dc.contributor.authorJaen, Juliana
dc.contributor.authorRenkwitz, Toralf
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Huixin
dc.contributor.authorJacobi, Christoph
dc.contributor.authorWing, Robin
dc.contributor.authorKuchaÅ™, Aleš
dc.contributor.authorTsutsumi, Masaki
dc.contributor.authorGulbrandsen, Njål
dc.contributor.authorChau, Jorge L.
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-08T10:33:33Z
dc.date.available2024-01-08T10:33:33Z
dc.date.issued2023-12-01
dc.description.abstractContinuous wind measurements using partial-reflection radars and specular meteor radars have been carried out for nearly 2 decades (2004–2022) at middle and high latitudes over Germany (∼ 54<sup>∘</sup> N) and northern Norway (∼ 69<sup>∘</sup> N), respectively. They provide crucial data for understanding the long-term behavior of winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Our investigation focuses on the summer season, characterized by the low energy contribution from tides and relatively stable stratospheric conditions. This work presents the long-term behavior, variability, and trends of the maximum velocity of the summer eastward, westward, and southward winds. In addition, the geomagnetic influence on the summer zonal and meridional wind is explored at middle and high latitudes. The results show a mesospheric westward summer maximum located around 75 km with velocities of 35–54 m s<sup>−1</sup>, while the lower-thermospheric eastward wind maximum is observed at ∼ 97 km with wind speeds of 25–40 m s<sup>−1</sup>. A weaker southward wind peak is found around 86 km, ranging from 9 to 16 m s<sup>−1</sup>. The findings indicate significant trends at middle latitudes in the westward summer maxima with increasing winds over the past decades, while the southward winds show a decreasing trend. On the other hand, only the eastward wind in July has a decreasing trend at high latitudes. Evidence of oscillations around 2–3, 4, and 6 years modulate the maximum velocity of the summer winds. In particular, a periodicity between 10.2 and 11.3 years found in the westward component is more significant at middle latitudes than at high latitudes, possibly due to solar radiation. Furthermore, stronger geomagnetic activity at high latitudes causes an increase in eastward wind velocity, whereas the opposite effect is observed in zonal jets at middle latitudes. The meridional component appears to be disturbed during high geomagnetic activity, with a notable decrease in the northward wind strength below approximately 80 km at both latitudes.en_US
dc.identifier.citationJaen, Renkwitz, Liu, Jacobi, Wing, KuchaÅ™, Tsutsumi, Gulbrandsen, Chau. Long-Term studies of the summer wind in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere at middle and high latitudes over Europe. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). 2023;23(23):14871-14887
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2220647
dc.identifier.doi10.5194/acp-23-14871-2023
dc.identifier.issn1680-7316
dc.identifier.issn1680-7324
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/32365
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherCopernicus Publicationsen_US
dc.relation.journalAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP)
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2023 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleLong-Term studies of the summer wind in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere at middle and high latitudes over Europeen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


File(s) in this item

Thumbnail

This item appears in the following collection(s)

Show simple item record

Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)