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dc.contributor.authorKristiansen, Steinar
dc.contributor.authorStorm, Benjamin Stage
dc.contributor.authorEmblem, Åse
dc.contributor.authorGrønli, Renathe Henriksen
dc.contributor.authorPettersen, Kristin
dc.contributor.authorHilmo, Jonas Larsen
dc.contributor.authorJarmund, Anders Hagen
dc.contributor.authorLeth-Olsen, Martin
dc.contributor.authorNyrnes, Siri Ann
dc.contributor.authorNilsen, Bent Aksel
dc.contributor.authorNielsen, Erik Waage
dc.contributor.authorMollnes, Tom Eirik
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-23T10:14:36Z
dc.date.available2024-08-23T10:14:36Z
dc.date.issued2024-07-19
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Bone marrow embolization may complicate orthopedic surgery, potentially causing fat embolism syndrome. The inflammatory potential of bone marrow emboli is unclear. We aimed to investigate the inflammatory response to femoral intramedullary nailing, specifically the systemic inflammatory effects in plasma, and local tissue responses. Additionally, the plasma response was compared to that following intravenous injection of autologous bone marrow.<p> <p>Methods: Twelve pigs underwent femoral nailing (previously shown to have fat emboli in lung and heart), four received intravenous bone marrow, and four served as sham controls. Blood samples were collected hourly and tissue samples postmortem. Additionally, we incubated bone marrow and blood, separately and in combination, from six pigs in vitro. Complement activation was detected by C3a and the terminal C5b-9 complement complex (TCC), and the cytokines TNF, IL-1b, IL-6 and IL-10 as well as the thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT) were all measured using enzyme-immunoassays. <p>Results: After nailing, plasma IL-6 rose 21-fold, compared to a 4-fold rise in sham (p=0.0004). No plasma differences in the rest of the inflammatory markers were noted across groups. However, nailing yielded 2-3-times higher C3a, TCC, TNF, IL-1b and IL-10 in lung tissue compared to sham (p<0.0001-0.03). Similarly, heart tissue exhibited 2-times higher TCC and IL-1b compared to sham (p<0.0001- 0.03). Intravenous bone marrow yielded 8-times higher TAT than sham at 30 minutes (p<0.0001). In vitro, incubation of bone marrow for four hours resulted in 95-times higher IL-6 compared to whole blood (p=0.03).en_US
dc.identifier.citationKristiansen, Storm, Emblem, Grønli, Pettersen, Hilmo, Jarmund, Leth-Olsen, Nyrnes, Nilsen, Nielsen, Mollnes. Femoral nailing associated with bone marrow emboli in pigs induced a specific increase in blood IL-6 and broad inflammatory responses in the heart and lungs. Frontiers in Immunology. 2024;15en_US
dc.identifier.cristinIDFRIDAID 2287030
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fimmu.2024.1396800
dc.identifier.issn1664-3224
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10037/34373
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_US
dc.relation.journalFrontiers in Immunology
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccessen_US
dc.rights.holderCopyright 2024 The Author(s)en_US
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0en_US
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en_US
dc.titleFemoral nailing associated with bone marrow emboli in pigs induced a specific increase in blood IL-6 and broad inflammatory responses in the heart and lungsen_US
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typeTidsskriftartikkelen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US


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Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Med mindre det står noe annet, er denne innførselens lisens beskrevet som Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)