Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet: Nye registreringer
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Prevalence of mental distress and factors associated with symptoms of major depression among people living with HIV in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-01)For people living with HIV (PLHIV) who can access lifesaving treatment, HIV has become a chronic lifelong condition; however, PLHIV have more mental and somatic comorbidities than their HIV-negative peers. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the prevalence of mental distress and identified factors associated with major depression among 244 well-treated PLHIV residing in Norway. Participants ... -
Førstegangsfedre og helsesykepleiers hjemmebesøk
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-04)<p>Bakgrunn: Formålet med studien var å undersøke hvilke erfaringer førstegangsfedre har til helsesykepleiers tilbud om støtte ved hjemmebesøk. Hensikten var å bidra med økt forståelse for fedrenes behov ved overgangen til farsrollen, og bidra med kunnskaper til hvordan helsesykepleier kan støtte førstegangsfedre i forbindelse med hjemmebesøket. <p>Problemstilling: Hvordan erfarer førstegangsfedre ... -
Who cares? Effects of gendered self-perceptions on dropout intentions in communal degree programs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-12)Global population aging trends create an increased need for educated workers in the health domain. At the same time, communal degree programs (i.e., health care and early education [HEE]) show high dropout rates—particularly for men. Extending person-environment fit theory and the lack of fit model, we investigate whether students' (gendered) self-perceptions relate to perceived fit and whether fit ... -
Men's Underrepresentation in Communal Occupations: A Social-Developmental Approach
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-11-23)This dissertation addresses psychological factors that contribute to the underrepresentation of men in communal occupations (i.e., occupations associated with communal traits, e.g., nurse), based on the theoretical perspectives from the developmental theory of occupational aspirations (Gottfredson, 1981) and the model of achievement-related choices (Eccles et al., 1983). The underrepresentation of ... -
The relative importance of education and health behaviour for health and wellbeing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-11)Background - Indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) and health behaviours (HB) are widely used predictors of health variations. Their relative importance is hard to establish, because HB takes a mediating role in the link between SEP and health. We aim to provide new knowledge on how SEP and HB are related to health and wellbeing.<p> <p>Methods - The analysis considered 14,713 Norwegians aged ... -
Penger, prinsipper og prioritering
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-12) -
Secondary Fracture Prevention and Forearm Fracture Epidemiology. NoFRACT – The Norwegian Capture the Fracture Initiative
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-11-17)<p><i>Background:</i> Osteoporosis and fragility fractures are common, and a burden to patients and society. Forearm fracture are a common fragility fracture. Anti-osteoporotic drugs (AODs) that reduce the risk of future fracture are available, but under 20% of fragility fracture patients receive AODs. To close this treatment gap Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) with systematic identification, ... -
Challenges and objections to body temperature monitoring among pre-hospital personnel. A modified nominal group technique study.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-11-01)Background: Hypothermia is common and correlates with mortality and morbidity for emergency patients, but a pre-hospital temperature measurement is often omitted. Objectives: To investigate barriers that pre-hospital care (PHC) providers experience with temperature monitoring, and solutions to the problem. Study design: Modified nominal group technique. Materials and methods: Fourteen PHC providers ... -
Antibiotic prescriptions among dentists across Norway and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-08)Background The prescription of antibiotics in dental practice contributes signifcantly to the total use of antibiotics in primary healthcare. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic prescription in dental practice during the years 2016–2021 in Norway and their relative contribution to national outpatient consumption and to investigate the infuence of age, gender, geographic region, and COVID-19. A ... -
Early Markers of Metabolic Dysregulation in Obese Individuals - Identification at Baseline and Effect of Modest Weight Loss
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-11-15)<p><i>Background:</i> Evidence suggests that the link between obesity and chronic lifestyle disease is chronic, low-grade inflammation. Leptin and adiponectin play principal roles in inducing inflammation and promoting insulin resistance, resulting in metabolic syndrome. Our study aimed to find clinically feasible biologic markers to identify metabolically dysregulated obese individuals and to study ... -
Deciphering human cell type enriched transcriptomes across tissue types and the functional study of the endothelial enriched protein KANK3
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2023-11-13)The identification of cell type-specific genes and their modification under certain conditions is essential for our understanding of the human body. Such knowledge also allows us to study the function of uncharacterised genes in the correct cell type. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) can be used to profile different cell types, but cell removal and processing can introduce artifacts. In the ... -
Prevalence of malnutrition among older adults in a population-based study - The HUNT Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-19)Background Malnutrition is common in older adults and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Aim The aim of the study is to describe the prevalence of malnutrition based on low BMI, involuntary weight loss, and reduced food intake, in a Norwegian population of community-dwelling older adults and older adults living in nursing homes. Methods This population-based study ... -
Validation of forearm fracture diagnoses in administrative patient registers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-24)Summary The validity of forearm fracture diagnoses recorded in fve Norwegian hospitals was investigated using image reports and medical records as gold standard. A relatively high completeness and correctness of the diagnoses was found. Algorithms used to defne forearm fractures in administrative data should depend on study purpose.<p> <p>Purpose In Norway, forearm fractures are routinely recorded ... -
Early screening outcomes before, during, and after a randomized controlled trial with digital breast tomosynthesis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-01)Purpose: To describe and compare early screening outcomes before, during and after a randomized controlled trial with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) including synthetic 2D mammography versus standard digital mammography (DM) (To-Be 1) and a follow-up cohort study using DBT (To-Be 2). <p><p>Methods: Retrospective results of 125,020 screening examinations from four consecutive screening rounds ... -
Effect of Pharmacological Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Criminality
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-27)Objective: Criminality rates are higher among persons with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and evidence that medication reduces crime is limited. Medication rates between clinics vary widely even within universal health care systems, partly because of providers’ treatment preferences. We used this variation to estimate causal effects of pharmacological treatment of ADHD on 4-year ... -
Effect of ADHD medication on risk of injuries: a preference-based instrumental variable analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-24)ADHD is associated with an increased risk of injury. Causal evidence for efects of pharmacological treatment on injuries is scarce. We estimated efects of ADHD medication on injuries using variation in provider preference as an instrumental variable (IV). Using Norwegian registry data, we followed 8051 patients who were diagnosed with ADHD aged 5 to 18 between 2009 and 2011 and recorded their ADHD ... -
Myfood24 på norsk: et selvadministrert digitalt 24-timers kostintervju
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-16)Innen ernæringsepidemiologien er vi i stor grad avhengige av å estimere inntak av mat og næringsstoffer basert på selvrapportering, til tross for at denne tilnærmingen er beheftet med målefeil. Graden av målefeil har betydning for analyser og tolkning av resultater, så metodene vi bruker bør være så valide som mulig. Å utvikle brukervennlige kostholdsmetoder som reduserer belastning for deltaker kan ... -
Surgery in Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Does fusion improve outcome in subgroups? A secondary analysis from a randomized trial (NORDSTEN trial)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-22)BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Patients with spinal stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis are treated surgically with decompression alone or decompression with fusion. However, there is debate regarding which subgroups of patients may benefit from additional fusion. PURPOSE: To investigate possible treatment effect modifiers and prognostic variables among patients operated for spinal stenosis and ... -
Norwegian radiologists’ expectations of artificial intelligence in mammographic screening – A cross-sectional survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-23)Purpose: To explore Norwegian breast radiologists’ expectations of adding artificial intelligence (AI) in the interpretation procedure of screening mammograms.<p> <p>Methods: All breast radiologists involved in interpretation of screening mammograms in BreastScreen Norway during 2021 and 2022 (n = 98) were invited to take part in this anonymous cross-sectional survey about use of AI in mammographic ... -
Torture survivors’ experiences of receiving surgical treatment indicating retraumatization
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-10-17)Due to the invasive nature of surgical procedures and the involvement of medical personnel, torture survivors may experience re-traumatization during surgical treatment. This study aimed to explore torture survivors’ experiences of re-traumatization during surgical treatment as well as the process by which trauma-related emotions and responses are evoked during surgical treatment for torture ...