Institutt for psykologi: Recent submissions

Now showing items 741-760 of 830

    • Evaluering av kontrafaktisk positive utfall: Når det negative blir positivt 

      Gjerpe, Petter (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-05)
      Kontrafaktiske tanker viser til tenkte alternativer av hva som faktisk skjedde – hva som kunne skjedd. Hvis de kontrafaktiske tankene fokuserer på noe mer negativt enn det faktiske utfallet (nedoversammenligninger), vil dette medføre en mer positiv evaluering av det faktiske utfallet. På denne måten kan selv negative utfall oppleves positivt. En rekke vignettstudier har vist at der det nesten gikk ...

    • Eksplisitte og implisitte holdninger mot homofile og lesbiske 

      Andreassen, Kine Kjelstrup (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-10-03)
      Forskning på nordmenns holdninger mot homofile og lesbiske individer viser til funn i uoverensstemmelse. På den ene siden viser spørreundersøkelser gjort blant den norske befolkning til nøytrale eller positive holdninger mot denne menneskegruppen. På den annen side viser rapporter om homofile og lesbiske, så vel som studier gjort blant skoleungdom, til negative holdninger mot homofile og lesbiske. ...

    • Patients’ Experiences of Helpfulness in Guided Internet-Based Treatment for Depression: Qualitative Study of Integrated Therapeutic Dimensions 

      Lillevoll, Kjersti; Wilhelmsen, Maja; Kolstrup, Nils; Høifødt, Ragnhild Sørensen; Waterloo, Knut; Eisemann, Martin; Risør, Mette Bech (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Background: Quantitative research on Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) has collected substantial evidence for the effectiveness of this treatment approach on health outcomes. Less is known about how patients find ICBT to be generally meaningful and helpful for treating depression. Objective: To explore patients’ experiences of being in ICBT treatment with a focus on the treatment ...

    • Effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on experimentally induced heat pain in healthy volunteers 

      Vasylenko, Olena (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-02)
      Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulatory technique that can reduce pain. Its side effects are milder than those of pharmacological treatments, and its analgesic effect on chronic pain has been demonstrated. In this study we investigated 1) the effects of anodal tDCS on pain intensity and threshold, 2) the placebo component of tDCS analgesic effect, and 3) ...

    • Seksuelle script i norske swingers-miljøer. En kvalitativ intervjustudie. 

      Bentzen, Anne Sofie (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-04-27)
      Formålet med denne studien var fra en fenomenologisk tilnærming å utforske swinging i en norsk kontekst, med fokus på hvilke seksuelle script som gjelder i swinging på ulike sosiale arenaer. Kvalitative intervjuer med seks menn og seks kvinner ble gjennomført. Av informantene var det fem par, en gift mann og en singel kvinne, rekruttert fra internettgrupper for swingere. En semi-strukturert ...

    • The factor structure and psychometric properties of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation – Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) in Norwegian clinical and non-clinical samples 

      Skre, Ingunn; Friborg, Oddgeir; Elgarøy, Sigmund; Evans, Chris; Myklebust, Lars Henrik Ryther; Lillevoll, Kjersti; Sørgaard, Knut; Hansen, Vidje (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Background The Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation - Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) is a 34-item instrument developed to monitor clinically significant change in out-patients. The CORE-OM covers four domains: well-being, problems/symptoms, functioning and risk, and sums up in two total scores: the mean of All items, and the mean of All non-risk items. The aim of this study was to examine the ...

    • Form follows function: pragmatic controlled trials (PCTs) have to answer different questions and require different designs than randomized controlled trials (RCTs) 

      Porzsolt, Franz; Wyers, Peter; Eisemann, Martin; Habs, Michael (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Rising concern for demonstrated real world comparative effectiveness has heightened interest in “pragmatic trials” design. Pragmatic trials investigate whether the efficacy, presumed or found in explanatory trials under ideal conditions, can also be detected under real world conditions, i.e. effectiveness. It is also recognized that ‘real world’ effects which are usually addressed in public health ...

    • IQ as a moderator of outcome in severity of children's mental health status after treatment in outpatient clinics 

      Mathiassen, Børge Idar; Brøndbo, Per Håkan; Waterloo, Knut; Martinussen, Monica; Eriksen, Mads; Hanssen-Bauer, Ketil; Kvernmo, Siv (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Psychotherapy is an effective treatment for mental health disorders, but even with the most efficacious treatment, many patients do not experience improvement. Moderator analysis can identify the conditions under which treatment is effective or whether there are factors that can attenuate the effects of treatment. In this study, linear mixed model analysis was used to examine whether the Full Scale ...

    • In the Blink of an Eye: Investigating the Role of Awareness in Fear Responding by Measuring the Latency of Startle Potentiation 

      Åsli, Ole; Flaten, Magne Arve (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The latency of startle reflex potentiation may shed light on the aware and unaware processes underlying associative learning, especially associative fear learning. We review research suggesting that single-cue delay classical conditioning is independent of awareness of the contingency between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (US). Moreover, we discuss research that argues ...

    • Expectations of increased and decreased pain explain the effect of conditioned pain modulation in females 

      Bjørkedal, Espen; Flaten, Magne Arve (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Chronic pain is believed to be related to a dysfunction of descending pain modulatory mechanisms. Functioning of descending pain modulation can be assessed by various methods, including conditioned pain modulation (CPM). CPM refers to the inhibition of one source of pain by a second noxious stimulus, termed the conditioning stimulus. This procedure can activate an endogenous pain inhibitory mechanism ...

    • Does personality predict depression and use of an internet-based intervention for depression among adolescents? 

      Vangberg, Hans Christian Bones; Lillevoll, Kjersti; Waterloo, Knut; Eisemann, Martin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Focus upon depression and prevention of its occurrence among adolescents is increasing. Novel ways of dealing with this serious problem have become available especially by means of internet-based prevention and treatment programs of depression and anxiety. The use of Internet-based intervention programs among adolescents has revealed some difficulties in implementation that need to be further ...

    • Comorbidity of personality disorders in anxiety disorders : a meta-analysis of 30 years of research 

      Friborg, Oddgeir; Martinussen, Monica; Kaiser, Sabine; Øvergård, Karl-Tore; Rosenvinge, Jan H (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      Background. A comprehensive meta-analysis to identify the proportions of comorbid personality disorders (PD) across the major subtypes of anxiety disorders (AD) has not previously been published. Methods. A literature search identified 125 empirical papers from the period 1980-2010 on patients with panic disorders, social phobia, generalised anxiety, obsessive-compulsive (OCD) and post-traumatic ...

    • Personlighet og jobbtilfredshet : en kunnskapsoppsummering av teori og empiri 

      Voldnes, Marianne (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-07-30)
      Tidligere forskning har vist at det er en forbindelse mellom personlighet og jobbtilfredshet, til tross for at dette forskningsområdet har vært preget av stridigheter. Formålet med denne oppgaven var å foreta en kunnskapsoppsummering av teori som kan belyse, og forskning som undersøker sammenhengen mellom personlighet og jobbtilfredshet. En annen problemstilling i denne oppgaven er å presentere ...

    • Predikerer implisitte og eksplisitte holdninger atferdsintensjon mot kvinnelig befal i Forsvaret? 

      Kjøllesdal, Torgeir (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-08-01)
      Tidligere studier indikerer at det foreligger negative holdninger mot kvinnelige ledere. I dette studiet ble mannlige soldaters (N= 24) holdninger mot kvinnelig befal i Forsvaret målt for å teste dette. Implisitte holdninger ble målt av IAT og CF- IAT, eksplisitte holdninger ble målt av GAM og atferdssenario ble brukt for å måle atferdsintensjon. Hypotesene var at negative holdninger til kvinnelige ...

    • An observational study of compliance with the Scandinavian guidelines for management of minimal, mild and moderate head injury. 

      Heskestad, Ben Ottar; Waterloo, Knut; Ingebrigtsen, Tor; Romner, Bertil; Harr, Marianne Efskind; Helseth, Eirik (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012)
      The Scandinavian guidelines for management of minimal, mild and moderate head injuries were developed to provide safe and cost effective assessment of head injured patients. In a previous study conducted one year after publication and implementation of the guidelines (2003), we showed low compliance, involving over-triage with computed tomography (CT) and hospital admissions. The aim of the present ...

    • The relationship between perceived ethnic discrimination and ethnic identity exploration as mediated by ethnic identity crisis 

      Adubofour, Millicent (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2010-10-31)
      In the adolescent identity formation literature, negative experiences of stress in particular, gender discrimination, and difficulties with work, relationships, finances, health, and experiences with death have been associated with increased identity exploration (Anthis, 2002a,b). Despite these findings, little research has been conducted to examine the relationship between ethnic identity discrimination ...

    • Testing and assessing the effects of Family-Aggression Replacement Training (Family ART) 

      Johansen, Nicholas S. (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-02)
      Family Aggression Replacement Training (Family ART) is an expansion of Aggression Replacement Training (ART). The purpose of Family ART is to further enhance social skills and reduce problem behaviour. This is to happen by increasing application of what is learnt in the training sessions, to settings outside that of the training, by actively involving children’s significant persons in the ART ...

    • Usage, reading and interpreting of nonverbal signs of erotic interest among Norwegian lesbians 

      Potapova, Elena (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-02)
      The main aim of the present qualitative study was to explore the means of nonverbal communication lesbian women display to signal interest/sexual attraction to a potential female partner, and what nonverbal markers of communication lesbians evaluate as signs of erotic interest when addressed to them. Different learning processes through/in which women acquire and internalize these nonverbal behaviors ...

    • Aggression replacement training : deltakernes vurdering av motivasjonelle faktorer 

      Eliassen, Siri (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-01)
      Denne studien undersøkte effekt av Aggression Replacement Training (ART) på om lag 70 barn og unge i Norge, samt viktigheten av motivasjonelle faktorer underveis i intervensjonen. Studien fokuserte på to mål: Effektdata basert på Sosial Skills Rating System (SSRS), der lærere og foreldre vurderte problematferd og sosial kompetanse før og etter ART-intervensjonen, og motivasjonsdata basert på et ...

    • En smart metode? : en kvalitativ studie om erfaringer med SMART-manualen 

      Fossbakken, Torhild; Bårdsen, Julie Leiknes (Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2012-05-02)
      Formålet med studien var gjennom et fokusgruppeintervju å undersøke klinikeres erfaringer med implementering og bruk av manualer i klinisk praksis. Tre klinikere ble valgt ut på bakgrunn av inngående kjennskap til og erfaring med behandlingsmanualen SMART. SMART er et manualbasert gruppeprogram for forebygging og behandling av emosjonelle problemer hos ungdom i alderen 14-18 år. Prinsipperklæringen ...