School dropout is related to difficult life trajectories in Western society. Developing effective preventive interventions is urgent. Nevertheless, few studies have interviewed unemployed young adults in the aftermath of school dropout to understand their experiences with influential factors. We interviewed seven former students two to five years after they had dropped out and seven same-aged students ...

<p><i>Background</i>: To strengthen the risk message on snus warning labels, the European Union in 2016 removed “can” from the warning “This tobacco product (can) damages your health and is addictive.” We tested how these and other textual warnings affect risk perception.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: Snus-using and non-using Norwegians aged 16–72 participated in two online survey experiments. ...

This dataset contains three repeated measures of a standard reward-based reinforcement-learning task from 29 healthy male individuals who participated in three experimental sessions exploring cognitive placebo effects on reward learning. The dataset includes behavioural data (accuracy, reaction times) during learning and transfer, estimates of model-free computational analysis, self-reported arousal ...

In the field of behavioral neuroscience, it is essential to use the appropriate animal models for the topic of investigation. Using the wrong model can result in false interpretation of the results. In this review we will discuss the animal models used to study sexual behavior, with a focus on rats. We will discuss the potentials and pitfalls of the different paradigms and try to make recommendations ...

Longitudinal research investigating the enduring impact of mindfulness training is scarce. This study investigates the six-year effects of a seven-week mindfulness-based course, by studying intervention effects in the trajectory of dispositional mindfulness and coping skills, and the association between those change trajectories and subjective well-being at six-year follow-up. 288 Norwegian medical ...

<p>Background: Human social interaction and communication is complex. Sending a verbal message is often accompanied by intonations, facial expressions, grimaces, and body postures. Nonverbal signals are potentially open for misinterpretation. One popular test for assessing the interpretation of facial expressions is the “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” Test (RMET). This test has been used to relate ...

Findings from previous cross-sectional studies showed that while toddlers around their first birthday imitate selectively, that is, they systematically omit some kinds of target action steps or they copy only the goal, but not the means of the modeled actions, older toddlers imitate more exactly. The aim of the present article is to provide longitudinal evidence for this developmental trend and to ...

A person's mindset, or implicit theory of intelligence, has been linked to many factors such as academic achievement, resiliency, and well-being. However, researchers have questioned the definitional clarity of the mindset construct and recent meta-analyses have reported confusing findings, such as interventions only having an effect on academic achievement if manipulation checks fail. This poses ...

Formålet med denne retrospektive studien var (1) å undersøke om det er forskjeller i opplevde positive og negative konsekvenser mellom pårørende barn av psykisk og somatisk syke foreldre, (2) å undersøke om det forelå en sammenheng mellom foreldrenes sykdomsstatus, og type oppgaver som barn av de ulike pårørendegruppene utførte i oppveksten, og (3) å se om disse oppgavetypene har en sammenheng med ...

Several studies have shown that behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of processing visual images containing low or high spatial frequency (LSF or HSF) information undergo development after early childhood. However, the maturation of spatial frequency sensitivity in school-age has been investigated using abstract stimuli only. The aim of the current study was to assess how LSF and HSF ...