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norskDoktorgradsavhandlinger (BFE-fak): Nye registreringer
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Technology transfer and R&D policy in a knowledge-based society
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-01)Abstract My thesis focuses on technology transfer and innovation policy in a knowledge-based society. In particular, I analyse the firms’ incentives to invest in research and development (R&D), the transfer of technological knowledge to a rival and government stimulation of R&D investment. Further, I analyse the incentives to engage in R&D cooperation in different market structures. By coordinating ... -
Making Sami Seascapes Matter : ethno-ecological governance in coastal Norway
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-22)This thesis addresses the lack of knowledge production on impacts of new marine industries on coastal Sami culture in the Norwegian coastal zone. It asks how Sami culture matters in contemporary Norwegian marine governance, and discusses how ecosystem mapping practices facilitate knowledge production on Sami relations and use of the marine environment. This is done through five papers and a film, ... -
Metabolic fingerprinting applied in diatom taxonomy
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-18)The main aim of this thesis was to investigate if and how metabolic fingerprinting can be applied in diatom taxonomy. Even though both morphology and gene sequences have been shown to be appropriate tools in diatom taxonomy there are cases where these give contradicting results, like in the case of cryptic species. Cryptic species have similar morphology but are genetically different. Another issue ... -
Management of the alien invasive red king crab Integrating natural and social science perspectives
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-12)The red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) is a highly valuable resource that also represents a potential threat since it is an alien invasive species in the Barents Sea ecosystem. This thesis explores the use of different interdisciplinary frameworks to analyse how ecological, social and economic concerns could be accounted for in deciding on how the king crab should be managed in the Norwegian ... -
Plant regulatory networks : RNA binding proteins as mediators of communication between DNA containing compartments by dual targeting
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-05-11)The endosymbiosis-derived organelles within a plant cell, plastids and mitochondria, have to be equipped with a certain set of proteins to be fully functional. This set of proteins is encoded by different genomes: the organellar genomes and the nuclear genomes. This setup poses some interesting challenges for the regulation of gene expression and protein transport. On the one hand, the targeting ... -
PLGA and PLA particles as vaccine delivery systems for Atlantic salmon : a study on formulation and use with an emphasis on immune responses
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-06-07)Vaccines are regarded as the safest and most cost-effective strategy to prevent infectious diseases. For some diseases, vaccine improvements are required as protection levels are still inadequate. The key to solving this challenge might lie in the development of more efficacious vaccine delivery systems and adjuvants. Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is a biodegradable polymer which has an extensive ... -
Calanus glacialis : the role of lipids in the life cycle and for the Arctic pelagic food web
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-05-23)The Arctic marine ecosystem is characterized by strong seasonality and a short but productive period of primary production in the spring when the ice breaks up. Calanus glacialis is one of the key links between primary producers and higher trophic levels, and it is adapted to the strong seasonality by life cycle traits such as; seasonal vertical migration, diapausing, reproduction in the spring and ... -
Key genes and regulators associated with sexual differentiation and gonad development in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2012-02-17)Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) is a promising cold-water aquaculture species, but early sexual maturation is a major problem in today’s cod farming. Teleosts display a wide variety of sex determination and sex differentiation mechanisms, ranging from genetic to environmental factors and the sexual plasticity in gonads and brain possibly reflects on a combination of these. From a practical point of ... -
The effects of behaviour on the acoustic target strength of capelin (Mallotus villosus) and implications for acoustic abundance estimation
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2004)The general objective of this thesis was to collect improved knowledge about the target strength (TS) of capelin (Mallotus villosus) through experimental studies, as well as to undertake adequate observations of behaviour of capelin during surveying situations, including the effect of different depth distributions and of vessel avoidance. Pre- and post-spawning capelin from the Balsfjord and the ... -
The management of lobster in coastal Skagerrak : recreational fisheries, unreported commercial catches andmarine protected areas
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2010-09-30)The implementation of four experimental lobster reserves in Norway in 2006 highlighted a set of important questions regarding lobster management. This thesis presents a study on the management and fishery of the European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in Skagerrak. Firstly, the implementation process of the lobster reserves was analysed. It revealed that local stakeholders, such as recreational fishers, ... -
Studies on the amphipod genus Metopa (Stenothoidae) : Taxonomy, Ecology, Phylogeny
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-12-19)The Amphipod-genus Metopa is a relatively large genus, with currently 55 accepted species. This PhD thesis consists of redescriptions of 23 of these species based on typespecimens or specimens collected and identified by the original authors; this has been done to create consistent descriptions that could form a basis for a phylogenetic analysis of Metopa. For some species Scanning Electron ... -
Bacterial flagellin : a novel adjuvant for vaccine strategies
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-10-18)Flagellin is the principal structural protein in the locomotive organ flagellum present on flagellated bacteria, and is known to be an important evolutionarily conserved PAMP. Flagellin has been shown to bind to the PRR TLR5 which induces innate immune system responses and signaling pathways. In mammals, much focus has been placed on this protein in vaccine studies for its possible function as an ... -
Acute and long-term effects from petroleum discharges on temperate and Arctic Calanus species
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-11-11)Summary Petroleum exploitation is emerging in the Arctic. In the Norwegian Arctic the southern Barents Sea is opened for development of oil and gas fields. This same area holds some of the world's largest and well managed commercial fish stocks such as Herring (Clupea harengus), Capelin (Mallotus villosus), Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua). For the interest of the ... -
Primary production and the relevance of small autotrophic and heterotrophic cells in marine arctic ecosystems
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-12-02)The Arctic is one of the least studied regions in the world and large changes in marine ecosystem dynamic are expected here because of the increasing air and ocean temperature. The central Arctic Ocean has for a long time been considered as a very low productive ecosystem, but recent estimates of primary production gives relatively high values. The shelves surrounding the Arctic Ocean are highly ... -
Cellular responses induced by environmental stress factors in Arctic Seabird chicks : Responses of the antioxidant defense system and autophagic lysosomal processes related to contaminant exposure and food restriction
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-11-29)This PhD study has investigated how two commonly occurring environmental stress factors in the Arctic (periods with little food and exposure to halogenated organic contaminants) have had an impact on two important cellular defense mechanisms in Arctic seabirds. The antioxidant defense system and autophagic lysosomal responses in liver cells of Arctic seabird chicks have been studied. Samples ... -
Planktonic food webs in the Arctic Ocean : structure and function in contrasting seasons and physical settings across Fram Strait
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-12-08)This thesis investigates the structure and function of planktonic food webs at two sites between Greenland and the Svalbard Archipelago, covering a coastal ecosystem influenced by Atlantic water masses (Kongsfjorden, 78º N) and a more oceanic system off the East Greenlandic shelf, influenced by the outflow of Arctic water and sea ice from the Arctic Ocean (northwest Fram Strait, 75 - 80º N). In ... -
Fishing for Advice : the case of the Norwegian Reference Fleet
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-12-15)This dissertation is about the changing relationship between science and society and the attempt to organize knowledge production and advisory processes in new ways: How can the relations between science and society be organized in a way that ensures sound advice as well as democratic ideals such as transparency and inclusion? Is it possible to relax the boundary between science and society without ... -
Species concepts and functional aspects of cold-water diatoms (Bacillariophyceae)
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-10-18)The choice of species concept when delineating phytoplankton species is decisive for our knowledge of species diversity and distribution, but will also affect our understanding of the functioning of marine ecosystems. This is particularly true for so-called cryptic species, which may show high degree of genetic and physiological heterogeneity although being morphologically similar. A precise species ... -
Converting sub-Arctic birch forests to spruce plantations : responses of predators and prey
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2010-04-20)In northern Norway large areas of sub-Arctic coastal birch forests have gradually been replaced by non-native spruce plantations during the last century. Spruce planting changes the forest floor vegetation and soil conditions, increase the amount of artificial edges and alter the forest landscape mosaics. Such tree species conversions are likely to reduce or increase suitable wildlife habitat, alter ... -
Quantification and characterisation of residual blood in fish muscle : impact of slaughtering methods
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2011-06-17)Omorganisering i oppdrettsnæringen har ført til større og mer mekaniserte anlegg med høy slaktekapasitet. I dag kontrolleres normalt restblod i fiskefilet ved visuell inspeksjon. Dette er arbeidskrevende og innebærer subjektive evalueringer som muliggjør høy grad av unøyaktighet. Fargen på fiskemuskelen er også et viktig kriterium når kunder vurderer kvalitet, og disse fargeforandringene skyldes ...
