Fakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Recent submissions
Now showing items 821-840 of 5173
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Floods and flood management and its socio-economic impact on Pakistan: A review of the empirical literature
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-01)Flood is one of the most damaging natural disasters as the recent floods have shown their serious impact on Pakistan. Flood control and regulation policies are essential to reduce the risks of economic downturn, a threat to human existence, and to sustain the ecology. The severity of flood catastrophe activities represents a constant and severe issue in the world. Floods are rising year by year ... -
Spatiotemporal dynamics of forest geometrid outbreaks
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-24)We highlight recent developments and avenues for advancement, which can improve insight into the causes of changes in the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest Geometridea moth species (hereafter ‘geometrids’). Some forest geometrids possess fundamental biological traits, which make them particularly liable to outbreak range expansions and host shifts mitigated by climate change. Indeed, recently ... -
First trait-based characterization of Arctic ice meiofauna taxa
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-18)Trait-based approaches connect the traits of species to ecosystem functions to estimate the functional diversity of communities and how they may respond to environmental change. For the first time, we compiled a traits matrix across 11 traits for 28 species of Arctic ice meiofauna, including Copepoda (Subclass), Nematoda (Phylum), Acoela (Order), Rotifera (Phylum), and Cnidaria (Phylum). Over 50 years ... -
Characteristics of early Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) catches based on otoliths recovered from archaeological excavations at medieval to early modern sites in northern Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-17)We compared stock origin, size- and age-distributions, and length growth rates derived from Atlantic cod otoliths from archaeological excavations at two sites in northern Norway: Vágar in Lofoten (68◦12 N, ad 1156–1285) and the Værbukta site (70◦57 N, ad 1450–1680). For comparison, modern otoliths were sampled during 1993–2001 from areas situated close to Vágar and Værbukta. Length-at-age from ... -
Escape of hake (Merluccius merluccius), horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) in codends with shortened lastridge ropes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-02)Diamond meshes in trawl codends have limited openness, which reduces escape opportunities for roundfish. Shortening the lastridge ropes (LR) attached to codend selvedges can increase the availability of open meshes resulting in higher chances of escape. However, this availability does not imply optimal mesh openness, nor does it guarantee use. We estimate the escape probability of hake, horse mackerel ... -
Origin of marine invertebrate larvae on an Arctic inflow shelf
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-20)Many benthic invertebrate taxa possess planktonic early life stages which drift with water currents and contribute to dispersal of the species, sometimes reaching areas beyond the current ranges of the adults. Until recently, it had been difficult to identify planktonic larvae to species level due to lack of distinguishing features, preventing detection of expatriate species. Here, we used DNA ... -
Natural variation in snow depth and snow melt timing in the High Arctic have implications for soil and plant nutrient status and vegetation composition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-16)Snow cover is a key component in Arctic ecosystems and will likely be affected by changes in winter precipitation. Increased snow depth and consequent later snowmelt leads to greater microbial mineralization in winter, improving soil and vegetation nutrient status. We studied areas with naturally differing snow depths and date of snowmelt in Adventdalen, Svalbard. Soil properties, plant leaf ... -
International air travel attitude and travel planning lead times across 45 countries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-08)his paper explores global differences in travel risk perception based on i) attitudes towards travel abroad, and ii) the time required to plan travel. Baseline data from 2019 is compared with data from 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. A methodology based on Big Data is developed through the Skyscanner metasearch engine, working with 20,756 million flight searches and 1979 million ... -
Using DNA Metabarcoding to Characterize the Prey Spectrum of Two Co-Occurring Themisto Amphipods in the Rapidly Changing Atlantic-Arctic Gateway Fram Strait
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-04)The two congeneric hyperiids Themisto libellula and T. abyssorum provide an important trophic link between lower and higher trophic levels in the rapidly changing Arctic marine ecosystem. These amphipods are characterized by distinct hydrographic affinities and are hence anticipated to be impacted differently by environmental changes, with major consequences for the Arctic food web. In this ... -
Self-reported medication information needs among medication users in a general population aged 40 years and above – the Tromsø study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-25)Purpose: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported medication information needs among medication users in a general population aged 40 years and above – The Tromsø Study.<p> <p>Methods: Cross-sectional study of medication users (n=10,231) among participants in the Tromsø Study, a descriptive analysis of questionnaire data and multivariable logistic regression (n=9,194). Results: ... -
Challenges and opportunities when implementing strategic foresight: lessons learned when engaging stakeholders in climate-ecological research
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-13)Ecosystems are currently experiencing rapid changes. Decision-makers need to anticipate future changes or challenges that will emerge in order to implement both short-term actions and long-term strategies for reducing undesirable impacts. Strategic foresight has been proposed to help resolve these challenges for better planning and decision-making in an uncertain future. This structured process ... -
Temporal dynamics in zooplankton δ13C and δ15N isoscapes for the North Atlantic Ocean: Decadal cycles, seasonality, and implications for predator ecology
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-17)The limited amount of ecological data covering offshore parts of the ocean impedes our ability to understand and anticipate the impact of anthropogenic stressors on pelagic marine ecosystems. Isoscapes, i.e., spatial models of the distribution of stable isotope ratios, have been employed in the recent years to investigate spatio-temporal patterns in biogeochemical process and ecological responses. ... -
Ectoparasites population dynamics are affected by host body size but not host density or water temperature in a 32-year long time series
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-22)Host density, host body size and ambient temperature have all been positively associated with increases in parasite infection. However, the relative importance of these factors in shaping long-term parasite population dynamics in wild host populations is unknown due to the absence of long-term studies. Here, we examine long-term drivers of gill lice (Copepoda) infections in Arctic charr (Salmonidae) ... -
The Effect of Gut Microbiota and Probiotics on Metabolism in Fish and Shrimp
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-03)The present paper presents an overview of the effects of gut microbiota and probiotics on lipid-, carbohydrate-, protein- and amino acid metabolism in fish and shrimp. In probiotic fish studies, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) model is the most frequently used, and probiotic administration reveals the effect on glucose homeostasis, anti-lipidemic effects and increasing short-chain fatty acids, and ... -
Flyt i et programvareutviklingsteam: Et casestudie med fokus på muligheter for tilrettelegging.
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-12-01)Målet for oppgaven har vært å undersøke om fenomenet «flyt» kan brukes som en ressurs i arbeidslivet gjennom å være et grunnlag for evidensbasert ledelse. Undersøkelsen er foretatt som et casestudie i et programvareutviklingsteam hvor forfatteren selv arbeider som gruppeleder. Problemstillingen ble definert til å være: «Hvordan opplever ansatte flyt og betydningen av flyt i arbeidssituasjonen og ... -
Gjenoppbygginga og omfordelinga av inntekter etter den store sildekollapsen
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-27)Denne historiske analysen viser at den store sildekollapsen som fant sted på 1960-tallet, representerte et grunnleggende sjokk i norske fiskerier. Myndighetenes umiddelbare respons på krisa var å tillate fiske av småsild og enda mer subsidier for å berge fiskernes inntekter. Men dette var helt mislykka. Etter hvert førte rystelsene til at forvaltningspraksisen med fritt fiske ble terminert. Samtidig ... -
Kapasitetsutvikling og konkurranseforhold – Utvalgte grupper i kystflåten
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022-11-11)Denne rapporten oppsummerer resultatene fra prosjektet Drivere for, samt effekten av, kapasitetsutvikling i fiskeflåten finansiert av Fiskeri- og havbruksnæringens forskningsfinansiering (FHF).<p> <p>Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom Nofima og Norges Arktiske Universitet (UiT) og er gjennomført i perioden 2021 til 2022. Det innebærer blant annet at prosjektet er gjennomført i en periode med ... -
Joining the dots: systematics and biogeography of Punctoidea land snails
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2022-11) -
Economic performance, technical efficiency and fishers’ perceptions of factors affecting fishing activities. A study of a Vietnamese purse seine fleet
(Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 2022-12-19)<p>The focus of this thesis is on the economic performance and technical efficiency of a Vietnamese fishing fleet by the use of data envelopment analysis (DEA). The double bootstrap method has been used to overcome some of the limitations of DEA. In addition, the dissertation evaluates fishers’ perceptions of negative events affecting the fishing activities. <p>The first of three papers presents ... -
Quantification of catch composition in fisheries: A methodology and its application to compare biodegradable and nylon gillnets
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-01)When evaluating fishing gear catches, the focus is often on a few species as opposed to the entire catch. In some fisheries this can lead to ignoring major part of catch composition. Thus, there is a need for a more holistic approach when evaluating the ecological impact of using a specific fishing gear and when comparing two or more gears. In this context, it is relevant to have a method that ...