Fakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Nye registreringer
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Characterization of myeloperoxidase and its contribution to antimicrobial effect on extracellular traps in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-26)Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a cationic leukocyte haloperoxidase and together with other proteins, they possess activities against various microorganisms and are involved in extracellular trap (ET) formation. The present work describes the gene and deduced protein sequences, and functions of MPO in flounder (PoMPO). The PoMPO possesses a 2313 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a protein of 770 ... -
Beneficial roles of nutrients as immunostimulants in aquaculture: A review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-21)Protein deficiency is a major difficulty for human needs in the past few decades, while different types of aquatic species are rich in high quality protein. Therefore, aquaculture is considered as the main developing food production sector globally. Bacterial infections are the main problem for aquaculture, and their outbreaks have a great impact on productivity, and previously indiscriminate use ... -
Salmon-lice as a potential threat to anadromous Arctic charr populations
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-25)Salmon-lice have the potential to change the behaviour and growth of their salmonid host species. Here, the baseline infection levels of salmon-lice of post-smolts (n = 815) and veteran migrants (n = 875) of sea-run Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus Linnaeus, 1758) were monitored over two successive years in a sub-Arctic Norwegian fjord without farming of salmonids. All Arctic charr were collected ... -
Quantitative fatty acid signature analysis reveals a high level of dietary specialization in killer whales across the North Atlantic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-13)Quantifying the diet composition of apex marine predators such as killer whales (Orcinus orca) is critical to assessing their food web impacts. Yet, with few exceptions, the feeding ecology of these apex predators remains poorly understood. <p>Here, we use our newly validated quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) approach on nearly 200 killer whales and over 900 potential prey to model ... -
Modelling the control of bovine brucellosis in India
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-08)Brucellosis imposes substantial impacts on livestock production and public health worldwide. A stochastic, age-structured model incorporating herd demographics was developed describing within- and between-herd transmission of Brucella abortus in dairy cattle herds. The model was fitted to data from a cross-sectional study conducted in Punjab State of India and used to evaluate the effectiveness of ... -
Ecological effects of mosquito control with Bti: evidence for shifts in the trophic structure of soil- and ground-based food webs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-08)The microbial control agent <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> var. <i>israelensis</i> (Bti) has been successfully used worldwide to reduce abundances of biting Nematocera (Diptera), often with little direct impact on non-target organisms observed. However, the potential for additional indirect effects on other ecosystem properties, including on trophic linkages within food webs, is poorly known. We ... -
A semi-automatic workflow to process images from small mammal camera traps
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-05)Camera traps have become popular for monitoring biodiversity, but the huge amounts of image data that arise from camera trap monitoring represent a challenge and artificial intelligence is increasingly used to automatically classify large image data sets. However, it is still challenging to combine automatic classification with other steps and tools needed for efficient, quality-assured and adaptive ... -
Increasing sustainability in food production by using alternative bait in snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) fishery in the barents sea
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-17)The use of food grade wild-captured species as bait for other fisheries questions the sustainability of food production. In pot fisheries, bait is an important factor determining the effectiveness of the gear. In snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) fishery, the pots are normally baited with squid (Illex sp.) and herring (Clupea harengus). This fishery uses substantial amounts of bait for each ... -
A retrospective investigation of feather corticosterone in a highly contaminated white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) population
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-16)Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as organochlorines (OCs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), is associated with adverse health effects in wildlife. Many POPs have been banned and consequently their environmental concentrations have declined. To assess both temporal trends of POPs and their detrimental impacts, raptors are extensively used as biomonitors due to their ... -
Spatiotemporal distribution of Arctic herbivores in spring: Potential for competition?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-23)Biotic interactions are important to the structure and dynamics of food webs and may affect the spatial and temporal distribution of species. In the Arctic, spring snow-cover limits food availability at a critical time for herbivores, potentially leading to resource competition. This study investigates the potential for competition over forage resources during spring in a high-Arctic herbivore ... -
Life-cycle analysis of an endangered migratory goose to assess the impact of conservation actions on population recovery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-29)Evaluating the effectiveness of conservation actions is challenging for migratory species because a population can be impacted anywhere along its route. Conservation actions for the critically endangered Fennoscandian lesser white-fronted goose population include culling of red foxes in the breeding area and habitat improvements and reduction of illegal hunting in the non-breeding areas. One goal ... -
Home-field advantage effects in litter decomposition is largely linked to litter quality
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-03)Climate change and associated environmental alterations affect plant communities, potentially decoupling links between plants and their associated soil microbial communities. This may in turn affect processes like litter decomposition, an important function that controls nutrient and carbon cycling as well as many other ecosystem processes. Microbial decomposers have been proposed to specialize, ... -
Kampledelse fra en fotballdommers perspektiv
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-05-31)Denne oppgaven omhandler det å være en fotballdommer med søkelys på selve managementet av de menneskene som er med på kampene i form av spillere, ledere, meddommere og annet støtteapparat. Hovedpoenget vil være å se på hvordan dommere selv oppfatter sin egen rolle og hvordan regeladministrasjon og kampledelse er en del av dette. Ved å svare på spørsmålene: (i) hvordan forstår dommere sin egen rolle, ... -
Certify or not? The effect of the MSC certification on the ex-vessel prices for Atlantic cod in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-19)There is strong evidence that ecolabeled seafood commands a price premium in the retail market in Northern European countries. At the same time, there is significant uncertainty as to whether these markups are passed on to the fishers. This is important because producer benefits are required for an ecolabel to provide incentives for sustainable fishery management and fishing practices. Therefore, ... -
A multi-criteria, composite index methodology to measure the suitability of target markets for the hotel industry
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-13)This article presents a multi-criteria methodology to identify target markets for the hotel industry, based on objective and quantitative criteria from official statistical sources, using five dimensions: volume, evolution, seasonality, length of stay and expenditure. The methodology allows tourism organisations to: i) identify market indicators that respond to their organisational goals; ii) ... -
Tracing basal resource use across sea-ice, pelagic, and benthic habitats in the early Arctic spring food web with essential amino acid carbon isotopes
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-09)A rapidly warming Arctic Ocean and associated sea-ice decline is resulting in changing sea-ice protist communities, affecting productivity of under-ice, pelagic, and benthic fauna. Quantifying such effects is hampered by a lack of biomarkers suitable for tracing specific basal resources (primary producers and microorganisms) through food webs. We investigate the potential of δ<sup>13</sup>C values ... -
Isotopic turnover of polar cod (Boreogadus saida) muscle determined through a controlled feeding experiment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-30)Polar cod (Boreogadus saida) is an important trophic link within Arctic marine food webs and is likely to experience diet shifts in response to climate change. One important tool for assessing organism diet is bulk stable isotope analysis. However, key parameters necessary for interpreting the temporal context of stable isotope values are lacking, especially for Arctic species. This study provides ... -
Suicide and economic uncertainty: New findings in a global setting
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-21)This study extends the previous literature on the association between country-level economic uncertainty and suicide rate to 141 countries by introducing the World Uncertainty Index. We first examine the role of economic uncertainty on the suicide rates in a global setting for the period 2000–2019 and then analyzed if the association varied across different income groups. Our primary findings suggest ... -
Algal amendment enhances biogenic methane production from coals of different thermal maturity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-10)The addition of small amounts of algal biomass to stimulate methane production in coal seams is a promising low carbon renewable coalbed methane enhancement technique. However, little is known about how the addition of algal biomass amendment affects methane production from coals of different thermal maturity. Here, we show that biogenic methane can be produced from five coals ranging in rank ... -
Evidence of separate influence of moon and sun on light synchronization of mussel's daily rhythm during the polar night
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-09)Marine organisms living at high latitudes are faced with a light climate that undergoes drastic annual changes, especially during the polar night (PN) when the sun remains below the horizon for months. This raises the question of a possible synchronization and entrainment of biological rhythms under the governance of light at very low intensities. We analyzed the rhythms of the mussel <i>Mytilus</i> ...