Fakultet for biovitenskap, fiskeri og økonomi: Nye registreringer
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Phylogenetic position of the relict South American genus Idiopyrgus Pilsbry, 1911 (Gastropoda, Truncatelloidea), with the description of two new cave species
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-14)Idiopyrgus is a relict genus of freshwater snails from Brazil traditionally classified in the family Pomatiopsidae. Herein, we use molecular data from newly acquired specimens to test that classification through Bayesian inference phylogenetic analysis. We conclude that Idiopyrgus belongs in the Gondwanan family Tomichiidae, together with the African genus Tomichia and the Australian genus Coxiella. ... -
ShinyRBase: Near real-time energy saving models using reactive programming
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-16)To document energy savings from retrofitting a building, a reliable baseline model is needed. The development and implementation of the baseline model is an important step in the measurement and verification (M&V) process. Usually, an energy analyst enters the stage, collects data, do the estimation and delivers the baseline model. The modeling work of the energy analyst is done on either a proprietary ... -
iNaturalist as a tool in the study of tropical molluscs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-05)Although terrestrial gastropods are remarkably diverse, our knowledge of them is still lacking, especially for species from the Global South. As such, new tools to help researchers collect data on these organisms are very welcome. With this in mind, we investigated Brazilian observations on iNaturalist to assess the feasibility of the data available on the platform as a basis for studies on the ... -
General vs health-specific consideration of immediate and future consequences to predict eating and exercise behavior in a Norwegian student population: A randomized survey experiment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-10-17)Over several decades, the consideration of future consequences (CFC) construct has been used to explain and predict health behaviors. However, the reported associations between CFC and health behaviors are relatively weak, leading to the low explanatory power of the models. Recent research suggests that CFC can be a domain-specific construct. In this study, we explored the psychometric properties ... -
Kommuner som pådrivere for kortreiste kretsløp. En studie om lokalmat i Tromsø kommune
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2022-10)Kortreist-prosjektet er et av underprosjektene i Include. Det startet opp i 2020 og varer fram til september 2023. Hensikten med Kortreist-prosjektet er å belyse hvilken betydning lokal mat og tilknyttede opplevelser har for stedsutvikling, og hvordan lokal mat kan inngå i kommuners klimaomstillingsstrategier.<p> <p>I denne studien har vi, i samarbeid med Tromsø kommune, utforsket hvordan ... -
Dietary supplementation of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 improved the resistance of zebrafish against spring viremia of carp virus infection
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-05)Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) can cause high mortality of fish. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GCC-3 exopolysaccharides (GCC-3 EPS) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) infected with SVCV and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Zebrafish were fed with a control diet or diet supplemented with 0.5% and 1% of GCC-3 EPS for 2 weeks. The results showed ... -
Phylogenetic position of African punctoid snails (Stylommatophora, Punctoidea, Trachycystinae)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-02)The punctoid land snail family Charopidae, as currently defined, is a paraphyletic assemblage of taxa with Gondwanan distribution. It is represented in Africa largely by the pinwheels (genus Trachycystis and allies) and afrodontas (genus Afrodonta and allies), as well as a few additional genera, such as Reticulapex, Pilula, and Helenoconcha. Herein, a Bayesian inference phylogenetic analysis (using ... -
Exploring the Role of the University in the Creation of Knowledge Networks in the Aso Valley, a Rural Area in Marche Region (Italy)
(Chapter; Bokkapittel, 2022)Rural areas are often disadvantaged by their peripheral position, depopulation and the scarcity of primary services, but they also have specific characteristics, especially in terms of cultural capital, that can make them attractive as tourism destinations. Sustainable tourism paths can be developed through collaboration between various actors with complementary skills and areas of expertise, ... -
Market integration and price transmission in the regional grain markets in Ethiopia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-17)Persistent increases in basic food prices have become a critical challenge in Ethiopia since 2006. This paper assesses whether the structure of the grain market has contributed to the price increases. Traders having market power could create commodity price stickiness, implying that what goes up does not come down, leading to price increases. The study examines price linkages between principal ... -
Buoyancy and hydrostatic balance in a West Indian Ocean coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-19)Background: Buoyancy and balance are important parameters for slow-moving, low-metabolic, aquatic organisms. The extant coelacanths have among the lowest metabolic rates of any living vertebrate and can aford little energy to keep station. Previous observations on living coelacanths support the hypothesis that the coelacanth is neutrally buoyant and in close-to-perfect hydrostatic balance. However, ... -
A cold-water fish striving in a warming ocean: Insights from whole-genome sequencing of the Greenland halibut in the Northwest Atlantic
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-02)Characterizing the extent of genetic differentiation among individuals and its distribution across the genome is increasingly important to inform both conservation and management of exploited species. The Greenland Halibut is one of the main demersal fish species to be commercially exploited in Eastern Canada, and accurate information on geographic population structure and local adaptation is required ... -
The Coordinated Action of MYB Activators and Repressors Controls Proanthocyanidin and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Vaccinium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-24)Vaccinium berries are regarded as “superfoods” owing to their high concentrations of anthocyanins, flavonoid metabolites that provide pigmentation and positively affect human health. Anthocyanin localization differs between the fruit of cultivated highbush blueberry (V. corymbosum) and wild bilberry (V. myrtillus), with the latter having deep red flesh coloration. Analysis of comparative ... -
Coproducing Sea Ice Predictions with Stakeholders Using Simulation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-15)Forecasts of sea ice evolution in the Arctic region for several months ahead can be of considerable socioeconomic value for a diverse range of marine sectors and for local community supply logistics. However, subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) forecasts represent a significant technical challenge, and translating user needs into scientifically manageable procedures and robust user confidence requires ... -
Publication practice in Taxonomy: Global inequalities and potential bias against negative results
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-01)There is broad recognition by practicing taxonomists that the field is going through a crisis, which has been dubbed the “taxonomic impediment”. There are many aspects involved in said crisis, but publication practices in taxonomy are often neglected or relegated to the backseat. We provide an initial foray into this topic via a worldwide survey with taxonomists, spanning all botanical and ... -
Stress responses to repeated captures in a wild ungulate
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-09-29)While capture-mark-recapture studies provide essential individual-level data in ecology, repeated captures and handling may impact animal welfare and cause scientific bias. Evaluating the consequences of invasive methodologies should be an integral part of any study involving capture of live animals. We investigated short- and long-term stress responses to repeated captures within a winter on the ... -
The root zone of graminoids: A niche for H2-consuming acetogens in a minerotrophic peatland
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-08-05)The importance of acetogens for H<sub>2</sub> turnover and overall anaerobic degradation in peatlands remains elusive. In the well-studied minerotrophic peatland fen Schlöppnerbrunnen, H<sub>2</sub>-consuming acetogens are conceptualized to be largely outcompeted by iron reducers, sulfate reducers, and hydrogenotrophic methanogens in bulk peat soil. However, in root zones of graminoids, fermenters ... -
A dPCR Method for Quantitative Authentication of Wild Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) versus Cultivated American Cranberry (V. macrocarpon)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-19)Berries of the genus Vaccinium are highly valued health-beneficial superfoods, which are commonly subjected to adulteration and mixed with each other, or with other common berry species. A quantitative DNA-based method utilizing a chip-based digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) technique was developed for identifying and quantifying wild lingonberry (V. vitis-idaea) and cultivated American ... -
Transcriptomes Suggest That Pinniped and Cetacean Brains Have a High Capacity for Aerobic Metabolism While Reducing Energy-Intensive Processes Such as Synaptic Transmission
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-09)The mammalian brain is characterized by high energy expenditure and small energy reserves, making it dependent on continuous vascular oxygen and nutritional supply. The brain is therefore extremely vulnerable to hypoxia. While neurons of most terrestrial mammals suffer from irreversible damage after only short periods of hypoxia, neurons of the deep-diving hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) show ... -
Dietary Succinate Impacts the Nutritional Metabolism, Protein Succinylation and Gut Microbiota of Zebrafish
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-23)uccinate is widely used in the food and feed industry as an acidulant, flavoring additive, and antimicrobial agent. This study investigated the effects of dietary succinate on growth, energy budget, nutritional metabolism, protein succinylation, and gut microbiota composition of zebrafish. Zebrafish were fed a control-check (0% succinate) or four succinate-supplemented diets (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and ... -
Nuclease-Treated Stabilized Fermentation Product of Cetobacterium somerae Improves Growth, Non-specific Immunity, and Liver Health of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-06)High-fat diets (HFD) are harmful to fish health. Probiotics are commonly utilized to improve fish nutrition metabolism, immune response, and health. Nucleic acids of the probiotic bacterium can be hydrolyzed by nuclease to generate nucleotides. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of stabilized fermentation product of nucleasetreated Cetobacterium somerae XMX-1 [XMX-1 (N)] on growth, ...