Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin): Nye registreringer

Viser treff 141-160 av 1398

    • Sputum bacterial load and bacterial composition correlate with lung function and are altered by long-term azithromycin treatment in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease 

      Abotsi, Regina E.; Dube, Felix S.; Rehman, Andrea M.; Claassen-Weitz, Shantelle; Xia, Yao; Simms, Victoria; Mwaikono, Kilaza S.; Gardner-Lubbe, Sugnet; McHugh, Grace; Ngwira, Lucky G.; Kwambana-Adams, Brenda; Heyderman, Robert S.; Odland, Jon Øyvind; Ferrand, Rashida A.; Nicol, Mark P. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-20)
      Background - Long-term azithromycin (AZM) treatment reduces the frequency of acute respiratory exacerbation in children and adolescents with HIV-associated chronic lung disease (HCLD). However, the impact of this treatment on the respiratory bacteriome is unknown.<p> <p>Method - African children with HCLD (defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s z-score (FEV1z) less than − 1.0 with no ...

    • Legacy perfluoroalkyl acids and their oxidizable precursors in plasma samples of Norwegian women 

      Miranda Fernandes Coelho, Ana Carolina; Cioni, Lara; Van Dreunen, Wendy; Berg, Vivian; Rylander, Karin Charlotta Maria; Urbarova, Ilona Halva; Herzke, Dorte; Sandanger, Torkjel M (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-12)
      Humans are exposed to perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA) mainly through direct pathways, such as diet and drinking water, but indirect exposure also occurs when PFAA precursors break down to form legacy PFAA. Exposure to PFAA precursors raises particular concern, as neither the exposure nor the precursors themselves have been well described. In the present study, we aimed to assess the indirect contribution ...

    • Associations between dietary inflammatory scores and biomarkers of inflammation in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort 

      Lécuyer, Lucie; Laouali, Nasser; Viallon, Vivian; Artaud, Fanny; Hébert, James R.; Shivappa, Nitin; Agudo, Antonio; Tjønneland, Anne; Mellemkjær, Lene; Kaaks, Rudolf; Katzke, Verena A.; Schulze, Matthias B.; Frenoy, Pauline; Mancini, Francesca Romana; De Magistris, Maria Santucci; Macciotta, Alessandra; Masala, Giovanna; Agnoli, Claudia; Tumino, Rosario; Boer, Jolanda M.A.; Verschuren, W.M. Monique; Jensen, Torill; Olsen, Karina Standahl; Skeie, Guri; Chirlaque, María-Dolores; Petrova, Dafina; Castro-Espin, Carlota; Quirós, J. Ramón; Guevara, Marcela; Amiano, Pilar; Borné, Yan; Sandström, Maria; Nilsson, Lena Maria; Heath, Alicia K.; Mayen, Ana-Lucia; Huybrechts, Inge; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Dossus, Laure; Rinaldi, Sabina; Truong, Thérèse (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-17)
      Background - Since the first version of the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) developed in the past decade, several other versions have been developed. However, to date no study has attempted to compare these versions with respect to their associations with biomarkers of inflammation.<p> <p>Objective - We aimed to investigate the relationship between four dietary inflammatory scores [DII, two ...

    • The impact of coding germline variants on contralateral breast cancer risk and survival 

      Morra, Anna; Mavaddat, Nasim; Muranen, Taru A.; Ahearn, Thomas U.; Allen, Jamie; Andrulis, Irene L.; Auvinen, Päivi; Becher, Heiko; Behrens, Sabine; Blomqvist, Carl; Bojesen, Stig E.; Bolla, Manjeet K.; Brauch, Hiltrud; Camp, Nicola J.; Carvalho, Sara; Castelao, Jose E.; Cessna, Melissa H.; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Chenevix-Trench, Georgia; Sahlberg, Guro Kristine Kleivi; Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise; Gram, Inger Torhild; Olsen, Karina Standahl; Engebråten, Olav; Naume, Bjørn; Geisler, Jürgen; Grenaker, Grethe Irene; Czene, Kamila; Decker, Brennan; Dennis, Joe; Dörk, Thilo; Dorling, Leila; Dunning, Alison M.; Ekici, Arif B.; Eriksson, Mikael; Evans, D. Gareth; Fasching, Peter A.; Figueroa, Jonine D.; Flyger, Henrik; Gago-Dominguez, Manuela; García-Closas, Montserrat; Geurts-Giele, Willemina R.R.; Giles, Graham G.; Guénel, Pascal; Gündert, Melanie; Hahnen, Eric; Hall, Per; Hamann, Ute; Harrington, Patricia A.; He, Wei; Heikkilä, Päivi; Hooning, Maartje J.; Hoppe, Reiner; Howell, Anthony; Humphreys, Keith; Kristensen, Vessela N.; Mannermaa, Arto; Manoochehri, Mehdi; Manoukian, Siranoush; Margolin, Sara; Mavroudis, Dimitrios; Milne, Roger L.; Mulligan, Anna Marie; Newman, William G.; Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won; Peterlongo, Paolo; Pharoah, Paul D.P.; Rhenius, Valerie; Saloustros, Emmanouil; Sawyer, Elinor J.; Schmutzler, Rita K.; Shah, Mitul; Spurdle, Amanda B.; Tomlinson, Ian; Truong, Thérèse; van Veen, Elke M.; Vreeswijk, Maaike P.G.; Wang, Qin; Wendt, Camilla; Yang, Xiaohong R.; Nevanlinna, Heli; Devilee, Peter; Easton, Douglas F.; Schmidt, Marjanka K. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-23)
      Evidence linking coding germline variants in breast cancer (BC)-susceptibility genes other than BRCA1, BRCA2, and CHEK2 with contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the association of protein-truncating variants (PTVs) and rare missense variants (MSVs) in nine known (ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD51C, ...

    • Dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Yammine, S.G.; Huybrechts, I.; Biessy, C.; Dossus, L.; Panico, S.; Sánchez, M.J.; Benetou, V.; Turzanski-Fortner, R.; Katzke, V.; Idahl, A.; Skeie, Guri; Olsen, Karina Standahl; Tjønneland, A.; Halkjaer, J.; Colorado-Yohar, S.; Heath, A.K.; Sonestedt, E.; Sartor, H.; Schulze, M.B.; Palli, D.; Crous-Bou, M.; Dorronsoro, A.; Overvad, K.; Gurrea, A. Barricarte; Severi, G.; Vermeulen, R.C.H.; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Travis, R.C.; Key, T.; Amiano, P.; Van Guelpen, Guelpen; Johansson, Mattias; Sund, M.; Tumino, R.; Wareham, N.; Sacerdote, C.; Krogh, V.; Brennan, P.; Riboli, E.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Gunter, M.J.; Chajès, V. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-16)
      Background - Diet may impact important risk factors for endometrial cancer such as obesity and inflammation. However, evidence on the role of specific dietary factors is limited. We investigated associations between dietary fatty acids and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).<p> <p>Methods - This analysis includes 1,886 incident ...

    • Risk prediction of atrial fibrillation and its complications in the community using hs troponin I 

      Börschel, Christin S.; Geelhoed, Bastiaan; Niiranen, Teemu; Camen, Stephan; Donati, Maria Benedetta; Havulinna, Aki S.; Gianfagna, Francesco; Palosaari, Tarja; Jousilahti, Pekka; Kontto, Jukka; Vartiainen, Erkki; Ojeda, Francisco M.; den Ruijter, Hester M.; Costanzo, Simona; de Gaetano, Giovanni; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto; Linneberg, Allan; Vishram-Nielsen, Julie K.; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Koenig, Wolfgang; Jørgensen, Torben; Kuulasmaa, Kari; Blankenberg, Stefan; Iacoviello, Licia; Zeller, Tanja; Söderberg, Stefan; Salomaa, Veikko; Schnabel, Renate B. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-05)
      Aims - Atrial fibrillation (AF) is becoming increasingly common. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) do not explain all AF cases. Blood-based biomarkers reflecting cardiac injury such as high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) may help close this gap.<p> <p>Methods - We investigated the predictive ability of hsTnI for incident AF in 45,298 participants (median age 51.4 years, 45.0% men) ...

    • Fra lokalt til nasjonalt utbrudd av Pseudomonas aeruginosa 

      Asfeldt, anne mette; Myrbakk, Torni; Grimnes, Gro; Kildal, Anders Benjamin; Pedersen, Torunn Annie; Littauer, Pia; Bogetvedt, Tina; Kroken, Bjørn Anders; Nerskogen, Birgith Jørgensen; Høgli, June Utnes; Åsheim, Sandra Elena (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-29)
      Utbrudd som rammer flere sykehus, krever god koordinering. Folkehelseinstituttets rolle i dette arbeidet bør styrkes, og vi trenger bedre systemer for utbruddsovervåking, rask tilgang til genteknologiske verktøy samt metoder for mikrobiologiske undersøkelser av miljø og utstyr.

    • Symptoms and signs of urogenital cancer in primary care 

      Holtedahl, Knut Arne; Borgquist, Lars; Donker, Gé A.; Buntinx, Frank; Weller, David; Campbell, Christine; Månsson, Jörgen; Hammersley, Victoria; Braaten, Tonje Bjørndal; Parajuli, Ranjan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-26)
      Background - Urogenital cancers are common, accounting for approximately 20% of cancer incidence globally. Cancers belonging to the same organ system often present with similar symptoms, making initial management challenging. In this study, 511 cases of cancer were recorded after the date of consultation among 61,802 randomly selected patients presenting in primary care in six European countries: a ...

    • Guidance on C-reactive protein point-of-care testing and complementary strategies to improve antibiotic prescribing for adults with lower respiratory tract infections in primary care 

      Van Hecke, Oliver; Bjerrum, Lars; Gentile, Ivan; Hopstaken, Rogier; Melbye, Hasse; Plate, Andreas; Verbakel, Jan Y.; Llor, Carl; Staiano, Annamaria (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-30)
      The world faces the threat of increasing antimicrobial resistance, and there is growing consensus that swift action must be taken to improve the rational use of antibiotics and increase the stewardship of antibiotics to safeguard this key resource in modern healthcare. This paper provides the perspective of an international group of experts on the role of C-reactive protein point-of-care testing ...

    • Reproductive and hormonal factors and risk of renal cell carcinoma among women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Clasen, Joanna L.; Mabunda, Rita; Heath, Alicia K.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Katzke, Verena; Schulze, Matthias B.; Birukov, Anna; Tagliabue, Giovanna; Chiodini, Paolo; Tumino, Rosario; Milani, Lorenzo; Braaten, Tonje Bjørndal; Gram, Inger Torhild; Lukic, Marko; Luján-Barroso, Leila; Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel; Chirlaque, María-Dolores; Ardanaz, Eva; Amiano, Pilar; Manjer, Jonas; Huss, Linnea; Ljungberg, Börje; Travis, Ruth; Smith-Byrne, Karl; Gunter, Marc; Johansson, Matthias; Rinaldi, Sabina; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Riboli, Elio; Cross, Amanda J.; Muller, David C. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-03)
      Background - Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is twice as common among men compared with women, and hormonal factors have been suggested to partially explain this difference. There is currently little evidence on the roles of reproductive and hormonal risk factors in RCC aetiology.<p> <p>Materials & Methods - We investigated associations of age at menarche and age at menopause, pregnancy-related factors, ...

    • Dietary vitamin D intake and the bladder cancer risk: A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies 

      Boot, Iris W.A.; Wesselius, Anke; Yu, Evan Y.W.; White, Emily; Brustad, Magritt; Marques, Chloé; Ljungberg, Borje; Zeegers, Maurice P. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-22)
      Background & aims - Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). Vitamin D is involved in various biological functions which have the potential to prevent BC development. Besides, vitamin D also influences the uptake of calcium and phosphorus, thereby possibly indirectly influencing the risk of BC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between vitamin ...

    • “My cousin said to me ...” Patients’ use of 3rd-party references to facilitate shared decision-making during naturally occurring primary care consultations. 

      Lian, Olaug S; Nettleton, Sarah Joan; Grange, Huw Robert; Dowrick, Christopher (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-30)
      In this paper, we explore the ways in which patients invoke third parties to gain decision-making influence in clinical consultations. The patients’ role in decision-making processes is often overlooked, and this interactional practice has rarely been systematically studied. Through a contextual narrative exploration of 42 naturally occurring consultations between patients (aged 22–84) and general ...

    • Diet and lifestyle in relation to small intestinal cancer risk: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) 

      Ersoy Guller, Zeynep; Harewood, Rhea N.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Huybrechts, Inge; Jenab, Mazda; Huerta, José María; Sánchez, Maria-Jose; Jakszyn, Paula; Amiano, Pilar; Ardanaz, Eva; Agnoli, Claudia; Tumino, Rosario; Palli, Domenico; Skeie, Guri; Manjer, Jonas; Papier, Keren; Tjønneland, Anne; Eriksen, Anne Kirstine; Schulze, Matthias B.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Katzke, Verena; Bergmann, Manuela M.; Riboli, Elio; Gunter, Marc J.; Cross, Amanda J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-18)

    • Overall lifestyle changes in adulthood are associated with cancer incidence in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC) - a prospective cohort study 

      Chen, Sairah Lai Fa; Nøst, Therese Haugdahl; Botteri, Edoardo; Ferrari, Pietro; Braaten, Tonje; Sandanger, Torkjel M; Borch, Kristin Benjaminsen (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023-04-03)
      <p><i>Background:</i> Cancer is a leading cause of premature death worldwide and incidence is expected to rise in the coming decades. Many cohort studies, measuring lifestyle factors at one time-point, have observed that overall healthy lifestyles were inversely related to cancer incidence. However, there is little knowledge on the impact of lifestyle modification within adulthood. <p><i>Methods:</i> ...

    • COVID-19: seroprevalence and adherence to preventive measures in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia 

      Krieger, Ekaterina Anatoljevna; Sharashova, Ekaterina; Kudryavtsev, Alexander V; Samodova, Olga; Kontsevaya, Anna; Brenn, Tormod; Postoev, Vitaly (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2023-03-15)
      Background - The published estimates of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Russia are few. The study aimed to assess the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Arkhangelsk (Northwest Russia), in a year after the start of the pandemic, to evaluate the population adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), and to investigate characteristics associated with COVID-19 seropositive status.<p> <p>Methods - ...

    • Norske pasienter med tykktarmskreft kommer for seint i gang med tilleggsbehandling 

      Olsen, Frank; Uleberg, Bård; Jacobsen, Bjarne K.; Balteskard, Lise (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-12)
      BAKGRUNN - For pasienter med tykktarmskreft som ifølge nasjonale retningslinjer skal ha tilleggsbehandling med kjemoterapi, skal denne igangsettes innen 4 – 6 uker etter det kirurgiske inngrepet. Vi ønsket å undersøke om retningslinjene ble fulgt. Vi ønsket også å undersøke om hvorvidt type kirurgisk behandling (åpen eller laparoskopisk) hadde betydning for tid til oppstart av tilleggsbehandling.< ...

    • PSA-måling og prostatakreft – overdiagnostisering og overbehandling? 

      Breidablik, Hans Johan; Meland, Eivind; Aakre, Kristin; Førde, Olav Helge (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-09-03)
      BAKGRUNN - PSA-testing og risiko for overdiagnostisering av prostatakreft har fått økende oppmerksomhet. Vi undersøker her hvordan antallet PSA-prøver har utviklet seg over tid i norske fylker og relaterer denne utviklingen til den fylkesvise kreftinsidensen samt ratene for prostatacancerkirurgi.<p> <p>MATERIALE OG METODE - Data for insidens, overlevelse og dødelighet ble innhentet fra offentlige ...

    • Truar skilnadene i tilvisingsratar målet om likeverdige helsetenester? 

      Førde, Olav Helge; Breidablik, Hans Johan; Petter, Øgar (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-10-04)
      BAKGRUNN - Sogn og Fjordane fylke har i landsmålestokk, og serleg i høve til dei andre fylka i Helse Vest, hatt eit høgt forbruk av spesialisthelsetenester. Utover det at fylket har to små lokalsjukehus, har lite vore kjent som kunne forklare det høge forbruket, og serskilt ikkje om det eksisterer kontrastar i forbruk mellom kommunane i fylket.<p> <p>MATERIALE OG METODE - Med utgangspunkt i ...

    • Innleggelser ved forverring av astma og kols 

      Melbye, Hasse; Moe, Per Chr.; Arstad, Frode (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2012-08-07)
      Bakgrunn. Behandling av astma- og kolsforverringer bør ofte igangsettes raskt. Akuttinnleggelse i sykehus kan være nødvendig. Vi ønsket å kartlegge hva slags legekontakter pasientene hadde hatt og hva slags behandling de fikk før de ble innlagt med en slik forverring.<p> <p>Materiale og metode. Et spørreskjema ble delt ut til pasienter over 18 år som var innlagt for astma- eller kolsforverring ...

    • The liminal landscape of mentoring - Stories of physicians becoming mentors 

      Valestrand, Eivind Alexander; Hokstad, Leif Martin; Schei, Edvin; Ofstad, Eirik Hugaas; Stenfors, Terese; Kvernenes, Monika (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-14)
      <p><i>Introduction:</i> This study explores narratives of physicians negotiating liminality while becoming and being mentors for medical students. Liminality is the unstable phase of a learning trajectory in which one leaves behind one understanding but has yet to reach a new insight or position. <p><i>Methods:</i> In this study, we analysed semi-structural interviews of 22 physician mentors from ...