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norskInstitutt for samfunnsmedisin
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Oppsummering fra brukerverksted for folkehelseforskning
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2023) -
Spectrum of COVID-19 cases in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia: Findings from a population-based study linking serosurvey, registry data, and self-reports of symptoms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-10-11)<p><i>Introduction</i> The spectrum of COVID-19 manifestations makes it challenging to estimate the exact proportion of people who had the infection in a population, with the proportion of asymptomatic cases likely being underestimated. We aimed to assess and describe the spectrum of COVID-19 cases in a sample of adult population aged 40–74 years in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia, a year after the ... -
Impact of the diagnostic label for a low-risk prostate lesion: protocol for two online factorial randomised experiments
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-09)Introduction - Many types of prostate cancer present minimal risk to a man’s lifespan or well-being, but existing terminology makes it difficult for men to distinguish these from high-risk prostate cancers. This study aims to explore whether using an alternative label for low-risk prostate cancer influences management choice and anxiety levels among Australian men and their partners.<p> <p>Methods ... -
Longitudinal lung function trajectories in response to azithromycin therapy for chronic lung disease in children with HIV infection: a secondary analysis of the BREATHE trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-12)Background - Chronic lung disease (CLD) is common among children with HIV (CWH) including in those taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). Azithromycin has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects and has been effective in improving lung function in a variety of lung diseases. We investigated lung function trajectories among CWH with CLD on ART enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of ... -
Sámi community perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods case study in Arctic Sweden
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-25)The COVID-19 pandemic posed a grave threat not only to Indigenous people’s health and well-being, but also to Indigenous communities and societies. This applies also to the Indigenous peoples of the Arctic, where unintentional effects of public health actions to mitigate the spread of virus may have long-lasting effects on vulnerable communities. This study aim was to identify and describe Sámi ... -
Exploring views among Norwegian Sámi regarding gambling and gambling treatment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-19)Aim: To explore gambling in the indigenous Sámi culture by studying thoughts, ideas and attitudes towards gambling among Sámi and people living in majority Sámi areas with knowledge of the culture. <p> <p>Methods: The topic was investigated in an inductive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 14 people (n = 13 self-reported Sámi ethnicity). <p> <p>Results: The majority of the ... -
Nutritional quality of diet characterized by the Nutri-Score profiling system and cardiovascular disease risk: a prospective study in 7 European countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11)Background - Nutri-Score is a scientifically validated 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label reflecting the nutrient profile of foods. It has been implemented in several European countries on a voluntary basis, pending the revision of the European labeling regulation. Hence, scientific evidence is needed regarding the ability of the nutrient profile underlying the Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS, 2023-updated ... -
How well does a single blood sample represent long-term exposure for epidemiological studies of PFOA among men in the general population?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-05)Many epidemiological studies use a single blood sample per participant to assess exposure, but it is unclear how well a single sample represents longer term exposure. We performed a simulation study using summary statistics for repeated serum PFOA measurements from several previous studies in men to generate plausible serum concentrations over time, taking within-subject correlations into account. ... -
Effect of pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on later psychiatric comorbidity: a population-based prospective long-term study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-19)Background Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent among persons with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Whether pharmacological treatment of ADHD influences the incidence of psychiatric comorbidity is uncertain.<p> <p>Objective To investigate associations and causal relations between pharmacological treatment of ADHD and incidence of subsequent comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. <p>Methods ... -
Roles of miR-20a-5p in breast cancer based on the clinical and multi-omic (CAMO) cohort and in vitro studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-23)MicroRNAs are involved in breast cancer development and progression, holding potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets or tools. The roles of miR-20a-5p, a member of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster, remain poorly understood in the context of breast cancer. In this study, we elucidate the role of miR-20a-5p in breast cancer by examining its associations with breast cancer risk factors and ... -
Analysis of Determinants of Stunting and Identifications of Stunting Risk Profiles Among Under 2-Year-Old Children in Ethiopia. A Latent Class Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-16)Background: Childhood stunting has a long-term impact on cognitive development and overall well-being. Understanding varying stunting profiles is crucial for targeted interventions and effective policy-making. Therefore, our study aimed to identify the determinants and stunting risk profiles among 2-year-old children in Ethiopia.<p> <p>Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted ... -
Are diagnoses of unruptured intracranial aneurysms associated with quality of life, psychological distress, health anxiety, or use of healthcare services in untreated individuals? A longitudinal, nested case-control study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-13)Introduction: Increasing imaging examination rates leads to a corresponding rise in the detection rates of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). There is limited knowledge on how the detection of UIA affects health-related outcomes in untreated patients.<p> <p>Research question: Is the diagnosis of UIA associated with psychosocial outcomes, healthcare services utilisation, or sick leave in ... -
Use and perception of risk: traditional medicines of Pakistani immigrants in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-07)Background - Pakistani immigrants are the largest non-Western ethnic minority group in Norway. Traditional medicines (TM) are extensively used in Pakistan, and studies show that ethnic minorities also use them to recover from illness after migration to the Western world. This study aims to explore Pakistani immigrants’ experiences and perceptions of risk regarding the use of TM to treat illnesses. ... -
Self-assessed threshold for cold temperatures and thermal insulation of clothing among poultry workers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-02)The association between self-assessed cold threshold (CT) and thermal insulation of clothing (Icl) was analysed in 283 poultry workers in Thailand. The mean CT was 13.5 °C (range − 28–29) and the mean Icl was 1.23 clo (range 0.35–2.21). The adjusted CT remained unchanged at low Icls (0.35 through 1.25 clo) but was estimated to increase by 14.8 °C at high Icls (1.25 through 2.21 clo). Overall, CT was ... -
Nominal and achieved stromal ablation depth after myopic transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy: implications for residual stromal thickness calculation
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-02)Background - The primary objective of this investigation was to compare the nominal central ablation depth with the achieved central corneal stromal ablation depth after StreamLight transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK) for myopia with WaveLight® laser by Alcon Laboratories, TX, USA.<p> <p>Methods - This ambispective study encompassed a retrospective analysis of 40 eyes who underwent ... -
Experiences Using Nonpharmacological Interventions for Chronic Fatigue: A Focus Group Study of Long-Term Survivors of Young Adult Cancers With Fatigue
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-05)Background: Cancer-related fatigue is a common and distressing late effect of cancer that can persist for decades after treatment completion. Although negatively affecting survivors' quality of life, few, if any, efficacious interventions for persistent, or chronic, fatigue exist.<p> <p>Aims: To inform future interventions, we explored how long-term, young adult cancer survivors (YACSs) with ... -
How have changes in accessibility and public funding influenced contraceptive use among Norwegian adolescents? A cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-27)Introduction: The Norwegian Government introduced in 2002 a reimbursement scheme for hormonal contraceptives to adolescents at the same time as public health nurses and midwives received authorization to prescribe hormonal contraceptives. This study examines the impact of increased accessibility and public funding on hormonal contraceptive use among adolescents.<p> <p>Material and Methods: ... -
‘The MRI-scan says it is completely normal’: Reassurance attempts in clinical encounters among patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-20)In clinical guidelines for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, reassurance is a key element. The purpose of reassuring patients is to change their views on their illness and, thereby, their actions. However, when symptoms persist without pathological findings, reassurance can be difficult to achieve. Drawing on observations of nineteen naturally occurring hospital consultations with chronic ... -
HIV Testing and Treatment among HIV-Positive Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) Living in Russia: Data from Two Waves of the European MSM Internet Survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-02)We examined changes in HIV testing and medical care among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Russia. Data come from the 2010 and 2017 waves of the European MSM Internet Survey. From 2010 to 2017 there was an increase in the proportion who had ever received an HIV test (+11.2%), had tested for HIV in the last year (+2.1%), had ever taken antiretroviral therapy (ART) (+31.9), were currently taking ... -
'What i thought was the dream job was a little different than i had expected': A qualitative study exploring the turnover of IPS employment specialists
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-09)BACKGROUND: Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based vocational rehabilitation program that helps people with severe mental problems to obtain and maintain paid jobs. Turnover of IPS employment specialists is a scarcely studied subject that can undermine the effectiveness and implementation of the intervention.<p> <p>OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore and describe the ...
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