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Alcohol and cause-specific mortality in Russia: the Know Your Heart Study 2015–23
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-12)Background - Alcohol-related mortality in Russia exceeds the world average and presents a critical public health concern. This study assesses the impact of alcohol consumption levels on mortality and investigates mortality predictors among Russians, including people treated for alcohol-related diagnoses (narcology patients).<p> <p>Methods - We examined 2629 men and women aged 35–69 years who ... -
Prescription of benzodiazepines and antidepressants among Sami and non-Sami — How childhood violence shapes prescription patterns: the SAMINOR 2 questionnaire survey and the Norwegian prescription database
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-07)Background - Medication for mental health problems represents a significant proportion of overall medication use and the prescription of psychotropic medicine has increased in many western countries over the last decades. Childhood violence (CV) is strongly associated with mental health problems, which in turn may increase the likelihood of being prescribed psychotropic medication. However, the ... -
Work-leave rotation among general practitioners in Norwegian municipalities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-19)Bakgrunn - Flere kommuner har innført rotasjonsordning (nordsjøturnus) for allmennleger, der legene gjennom året veksler mellom arbeidsperioder og friperioder. Vi har undersøkt utbredelsen av, årsaker til, innhold i og erfaringer med denne arbeidsformen.<p> <p>Materiale og metode - Vi har gjennomført en flerkasusstudie med data fra Statistisk sentralbyrå, fastlegeregisteret, kommunale dokumenter, ... -
Assessing primary information sources and knowledge of menstruration among adolescent girls in Nepal: A cross-sectional study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-12-01)<p>Background: Adolescent girls, aged 10-19, undergo a critical physiological transition during which menarche and monthly menstrual cycles signify normal physiological functioning. In Nepal, cultural myths and taboos stigmatize menstruation, contributing to misconceptions that lead to self-isolation, social exclusion, and negative impacts on physical and mental health. The study aims to assess ... -
Impact of competition on profit and revenue of pharmacies in Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-12-01)<p>Introduction: Since 2001, due to the change in the Pharmacy Act, the accessibility of pharmacies to the public has considerably increased due to the increase in the number of pharmacies owned by chain wholesalers. In terms of pharmaceutical brands, competition serves as a driving force that compels brands to make new, effective, and enhanced medicines while encouraging generic companies to provide ... -
Association Between Smoking and Cognitive Function Based on Atrial Fibrillation Status: The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2022-11-30)<p>Background: According to World Health Organization (WHO), the global tobacco smoking prevalence is 22.3% (36.7% for men and 7.8% for women). Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and cognitive decline. The association of smoking and cognitive decline is well documented. Whitehall II Cohort study, Doetinchem Cohort study and many other studies have found that ... -
Menopausal hormone therapy and incidence, mortality, and survival of breast cancer subtypes: a prospective cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-04)Background Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, predominantly the luminal A-like subtype. The impact of MHT on deaths from breast cancer subtypes is less understood. This study aimed to explore associations between MHT use and the incidence, mortality, and survival of intrinsic-like breast cancer subtypes.<p> <p>Methods Data from ... -
Social isolation and loneliness and their association with all-cause mortality. A population-based longitudinal study in Norway: The Tromsø Study 1994–2023
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11-20)Objectives - Loneliness and social isolation are associated with increased mortality, but few studies have assessed this association over long time in young adults.<p> <p>Methods - The study sample comprised 9061 women and 8735 men aged 25 to 69 years who participated in the Tromsø4 survey (1994–95, baseline) of the Tromsø Study, Norway. A subset of the study sample also attended the Tromsø5 ... -
Oppsummering fra brukerverksted for folkehelseforskning
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2023) -
Spectrum of COVID-19 cases in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia: Findings from a population-based study linking serosurvey, registry data, and self-reports of symptoms
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2024-10-11)<p><i>Introduction</i> The spectrum of COVID-19 manifestations makes it challenging to estimate the exact proportion of people who had the infection in a population, with the proportion of asymptomatic cases likely being underestimated. We aimed to assess and describe the spectrum of COVID-19 cases in a sample of adult population aged 40–74 years in Arkhangelsk, Northwest Russia, a year after the ... -
Impact of the diagnostic label for a low-risk prostate lesion: protocol for two online factorial randomised experiments
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-09)Introduction - Many types of prostate cancer present minimal risk to a man’s lifespan or well-being, but existing terminology makes it difficult for men to distinguish these from high-risk prostate cancers. This study aims to explore whether using an alternative label for low-risk prostate cancer influences management choice and anxiety levels among Australian men and their partners.<p> <p>Methods ... -
Longitudinal lung function trajectories in response to azithromycin therapy for chronic lung disease in children with HIV infection: a secondary analysis of the BREATHE trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-07-12)Background - Chronic lung disease (CLD) is common among children with HIV (CWH) including in those taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). Azithromycin has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects and has been effective in improving lung function in a variety of lung diseases. We investigated lung function trajectories among CWH with CLD on ART enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of ... -
Sámi community perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods case study in Arctic Sweden
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-06-25)The COVID-19 pandemic posed a grave threat not only to Indigenous people’s health and well-being, but also to Indigenous communities and societies. This applies also to the Indigenous peoples of the Arctic, where unintentional effects of public health actions to mitigate the spread of virus may have long-lasting effects on vulnerable communities. This study aim was to identify and describe Sámi ... -
Exploring views among Norwegian Sámi regarding gambling and gambling treatment
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-19)Aim: To explore gambling in the indigenous Sámi culture by studying thoughts, ideas and attitudes towards gambling among Sámi and people living in majority Sámi areas with knowledge of the culture. <p> <p>Methods: The topic was investigated in an inductive thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 14 people (n = 13 self-reported Sámi ethnicity). <p> <p>Results: The majority of the ... -
Nutritional quality of diet characterized by the Nutri-Score profiling system and cardiovascular disease risk: a prospective study in 7 European countries
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-11)Background - Nutri-Score is a scientifically validated 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label reflecting the nutrient profile of foods. It has been implemented in several European countries on a voluntary basis, pending the revision of the European labeling regulation. Hence, scientific evidence is needed regarding the ability of the nutrient profile underlying the Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS, 2023-updated ... -
How well does a single blood sample represent long-term exposure for epidemiological studies of PFOA among men in the general population?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-05)Many epidemiological studies use a single blood sample per participant to assess exposure, but it is unclear how well a single sample represents longer term exposure. We performed a simulation study using summary statistics for repeated serum PFOA measurements from several previous studies in men to generate plausible serum concentrations over time, taking within-subject correlations into account. ... -
Effect of pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on later psychiatric comorbidity: a population-based prospective long-term study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-09-19)Background Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent among persons with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Whether pharmacological treatment of ADHD influences the incidence of psychiatric comorbidity is uncertain.<p> <p>Objective To investigate associations and causal relations between pharmacological treatment of ADHD and incidence of subsequent comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. <p>Methods ... -
Roles of miR-20a-5p in breast cancer based on the clinical and multi-omic (CAMO) cohort and in vitro studies
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-10-23)MicroRNAs are involved in breast cancer development and progression, holding potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets or tools. The roles of miR-20a-5p, a member of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster, remain poorly understood in the context of breast cancer. In this study, we elucidate the role of miR-20a-5p in breast cancer by examining its associations with breast cancer risk factors and ... -
Analysis of Determinants of Stunting and Identifications of Stunting Risk Profiles Among Under 2-Year-Old Children in Ethiopia. A Latent Class Analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-16)Background: Childhood stunting has a long-term impact on cognitive development and overall well-being. Understanding varying stunting profiles is crucial for targeted interventions and effective policy-making. Therefore, our study aimed to identify the determinants and stunting risk profiles among 2-year-old children in Ethiopia.<p> <p>Methods and materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted ... -
Are diagnoses of unruptured intracranial aneurysms associated with quality of life, psychological distress, health anxiety, or use of healthcare services in untreated individuals? A longitudinal, nested case-control study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-08-13)Introduction: Increasing imaging examination rates leads to a corresponding rise in the detection rates of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). There is limited knowledge on how the detection of UIA affects health-related outcomes in untreated patients.<p> <p>Research question: Is the diagnosis of UIA associated with psychosocial outcomes, healthcare services utilisation, or sick leave in ...
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