Artikler, rapporter og annet (samfunnsmedisin): Recent submissions
Now showing items 481-500 of 1398
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Complex lifestyle intervention among inactive older adults with elevated cardiovascular disease risk and obesity: a mixed-method, single-arm feasibility study for RESTART—a randomized controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-10-27)Background - Physical inactivity and obesity are global public health challenges. Older adults are important to target for prevention and management of disease and chronic conditions. However, many individuals struggle with maintaining increased physical activity (PA) and improved diet. This feasibility study provides the foundation for the RESTART trial, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test ... -
Integrative, multi-omics, analysis of blood samples improves model predictions: applications to cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-05)<i>Background</i> - Cancer genomic studies often include data collected from several omics platforms. Each omics data source contributes to the understanding of the underlying biological process via source specific (“individual”) patterns of variability. At the same time, statistical associations and potential interactions among the different data sources can reveal signals from common biological ... -
Associations with antibiotic prescribing for acute exacerbation of COPD in primary care: Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-26)<i>Background</i> - C-reactive protein (CRP) point-of-care testing can reduce antibiotic use in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in primary care, without compromising patient care. Further safe reductions may be possible.<br><br> <i>Aim</i> - To investigate the associations between presenting features and antibiotic prescribing in patients with ... -
Sex-Specific Associations between Blood Pressure and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation Subtypes in the Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-04-05)The aim of this study was to explore sex-specific associations between systolic blood pressure (SBP), hypertension, and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) subtypes, including paroxysmal, persistent, and permanent AF, in a general population. A total of 13,137 women and 11,667 men who participated in the fourth survey of the Tromsø Study (1994–1995) were followed up for incident AF until ... -
Changes in maternal risk factors and their association with changes in cesarean sections in Norway between 1999 and 2016: A descriptive population-based registry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-09-03)Background - Increases in the proportion of the population with increased likelihood of cesarean section (CS) have been postulated as a driving force behind the rise in CS rates worldwide. The aim of the study was to assess if changes in selected maternal risk factors for CS are associated with changes in CS births from 1999 to 2016 in Norway.<p> <p>Methods and findings - This national ... -
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 prevalence in 1170 asymptomatic Norwegian conscripts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-01-15)<i>Background</i> - Accurate estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in different population groups are important for the health authorities. In Norway, public infection control measures have successfully curbed the pandemic. However, military training and service are incompatible with these measures; therefore extended infection control measures were implemented in the Norwegian Armed Forces. We aimed ... -
Combined Lifestyle Behaviors and the Incidence of Common Cancer Types in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (NOWAC)
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-16)<i>Introduction</i>: Only a small number of studies have examined the impact of combined lifestyle behaviors on cancer incidence, and never in a Norwegian population.<br><br> <i>Purpose</i>: To examine linear and nonlinear associations of combined lifestyle factors, assessed through a healthy lifestyle index (HLI), with the incidence of postmenopausal breast, colorectal, lung, postmenopausal ... -
Validating Acute Myocardial Infarction Diagnoses in National Health Registers for Use as Endpoint in Research: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-03)<i>Purpose</i>: To assess whether acute myocardial infarction (MI) diagnoses in national health registers are sufficiently correct and complete to replace manual collection of endpoint data for a population-based, epidemiological study.<br><br> <i>Patients and Methods</i>: Using the Tromsø Study Cardiovascular Disease Register for 2013– 2014 as gold standard, we calculated correctness (defined ... -
Symptoms and signs of colorectal cancer, with differences between proximal and distal colon cancer: a prospective cohort study of diagnostic accuracy in primary care
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-08)<i>Background</i> - In an abdominal symptom study in primary care in six European countries, 511 cases of cancer were recorded prospectively among 61,802 patients 16 years and older in Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Netherlands, Belgium and Scotland. Colorectal cancer is one of the main types of cancer associated with abdominal symptoms; hence, an in-depth subgroup analysis of the 94 colorectal cancers ... -
Agenda navigation in consultations covering multiple topics. A qualitative case study from general practice
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-26)Objective - To explore how agenda navigation may be accomplished underway in consultations covering multiple topics, we identified and analyzed one GP’s communicative strategies.<p> <p>Design, setting, and subjects - A qualitative observational case study with linguistic microanalysis of an exemplary consultation between a female patient with diabetes and her male GP. We used speech act theory ... -
Religion and Health in Arctic Norway–the association of religious and spiritual factors with suicidal behaviour in a mixed Sámi and Norwegian adult population - The SAMINOR 2 Questionnaire Survey
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-12)Given the higher suicide rates among the adult population in the northernmost part of Norway and some unfavourable psychosocial outcomes associated with the Laestadian revival movement in this region, it is reasonable to investigate the relationship between religiosity/spirituality and suicidal behaviour in this context. This study used cross-sectional data from the population-based SAMINOR 2 ... -
Lifestyle changes among people with type 2 diabetes are associated with participation in online groups and time since diagnosis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-12)<i>Background</i> - For people with Type 2 diabetes (T2D), lifestyle changes may be the most effective intervention. Online groups for people with diabetes holds a great potential to support such changes. However, little is known about the association between participation in online groups and lifestyle changes based on internet information in people with T2D. The aim of this study was to investigate ... -
Intake of Vegetables, Fruits and Berries and Compliance to “Five-a-Day” in a General Norwegian Population—The Tromsø Study 2015–2016
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-07-18)Vegetables, fruits and berries are associated with reduced disease risk, and recommended intake is “five-a-day”. We studied the intake of vegetables, fruits and berries and compliance with “five-a-day” in 11,425 adults (40–96 years) who completed a food frequency questionnaire in the seventh wave of the Tromsø Study (2015–2016). Intake and proportion above/below recommended intake (250 g/day of ... -
What factors explain the much higher diabetes prevalence in Russia compared with Norway? Major sex differences in the contribution of adiposity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-04)<i>Introduction</i> - Compared with many other countries Russia has a high prevalence of diabetes in men and women. However, contrary to what is found in most other populations, the risk is greater among women than men. The reasons for this are unclear.<br><br> <i>Research design and methods</i> - Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes at ages 40–69 years were compared in two population-based ... -
Global blood gene expression profiles following a breast cancer diagnosis - Clinical follow-up in the NOWAC post-genome cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-03-08)<i>Objective</i> - This explorative study aimed to assess if there are any time-dependent blood gene expression changes during the first one to eight years after breast cancer diagnosis, which can be linked to the clinical outcome of the disease.<br><br> <i>Material and methods</i> - A random distribution of follow-up time from breast cancer diagnosis till blood sampling was obtained by a nested, ... -
Gode barnevernsinstitusjoner: en systematisk kartleggingsoversikt
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2020-06-10)Vi undersøkte hva forskning fra 2010-2019 sier om tiltak, metoder og strategier som skal legge til rette for god omsorg for barn og unge i barnevernsinstitusjoner. -
Næringsutvikling i samiske samfunn. En studie av sysselsetting og verdiskaping i nord
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2014-02-05)Denne rapporten inngår som en del av regjeringens <i>Kunnskapsinnhenting ‐ verdiskaping i nord</i>. En rekke sektorrapporter og rapporter med tverrgående tema er utarbeidet, men den samiske dimensjonen i fremtidig næringsutvikling ble i liten grad belyst gjennom disse studiene. Denne rapporten forsøker å gi et bilde av næringslivet i samiske områder og hvilke utviklingsmuligheter mht. verdiskaping ... -
Bruk av linkarbeidere i barnevernet: en systematisk kartleggingsoversikt
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2020-11-18)Hensikten med denne systematiske kartleggingsoversikten er å klassifisere og beskrive forskning om linkarbeid i barnevernet og tilgrensende tjenester i saker som omhandler barn og familier med minoritetsbakgrunn. Linkarbeidere er personer som formidler mellom to parter og bistår med kultursensitivitet for å sikre god kommunikasjon og samarbeid mellom partene. -
Forskning om tiltak for å redusere langvarige og hyppige sykefravær i arbeidslivet: Et forskningskart
(Research report; Forskningsrapport, 2021-07-05)Sykefraværet blant norske arbeidstakere ligger høyt, sammenlignet med andre land. Den nåværende IA-avtalen (Intensjonsavtale for et mer inkluderende arbeidsliv) har som mål å redusere frafall fra arbeidslivet og redusere sykefraværet i Norge. IA-avtalen er tydelig på at langtidssykmelding er en viktig årsak til frafall fra arbeidslivet og mer varige helserelaterte trygdeytelser. Arbeids- og ... -
From Rural to Urban Living. A survey among internal migrants from Sami core areas to cities in Norway
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2021-02)