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norskProsjektoppgave forskerlinja i medisin
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Prehospital transportation, management, and outcome of cardiogenic shock in Northern Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-10-31)<p>Introduction: This study aimed to determine the impact of prehospital management and transfer to a tertiary hospital on the outcome of cardiogenic shock in a rural/urban setting. <p>Methods: Patients treated for cardiogenic shock in the period of 01.01.2019 to 31.12.2021, were retrospectively analysed with regards to transportation route, time to definite treatment, prehospital and intrahospital ... -
Characterization and prognostic value of lymphatic vessels in an oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cohort
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-05-21)Tumor lymphangiogenesis increases the area of interaction between lymphatic vessels and tumor cells, and may thereby facilitate metastases. In oral cancer high lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and large lymphatic vessel area (LVA) have been associated with more aggressive tumors, but results from different studies are not conclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the association of tumor-associated ... -
Body mass index and cognitive function in community-living elderly men and women: The Tromsø Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-04-01)<p><i>Background:</i> Previous studies have reported conflicting results regarding the relationship between cognitive function and nutritional status in the elderly. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the associations between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function in a sample of community-living elderly men and women. <p><i>Methods:</i> This population-based study comprised ... -
Outcome of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a population-based cohort: Retrospective registry study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-10-31)Background: Studies of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) report an association between higher patient volumes and better outcomes. In regions with dispersed settlement, this must be balanced against the advantages with shorter pre-hospital transport times and timely access. The aim of this study is to report outcome for unselected aSAH-cases from a well-defined rural population treated in a ... -
Performance and clinical applicability of machine learning in liver computed tomography imaging: a systematic review
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2023-09-12)Abstract Objectives: Machine learning (ML) for medical imaging is emerging for several organs and image modalities. Our objectives were to provide clinicians with an overview of this field by answering the following questions: (1) How is ML applied in liver computed tomography (CT) imaging? (2) How well do ML systems perform in liver CT imaging? (3) What are the clinical applications of ML in liver ... -
Challenges and objections to body temperature monitoring among pre-hospital personnel. A modified nominal group technique study.
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2021-11-01)Background: Hypothermia is common and correlates with mortality and morbidity for emergency patients, but a pre-hospital temperature measurement is often omitted. Objectives: To investigate barriers that pre-hospital care (PHC) providers experience with temperature monitoring, and solutions to the problem. Study design: Modified nominal group technique. Materials and methods: Fourteen PHC providers ... -
Overexpression of miR-20a-5p in Tumor Epithelium Is an Independent Negative Prognostic Indicator in Prostate Cancer — A Multi-Institutional Study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave; Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-26)<p><i>Background:</i> MicroRNAs (miRs) have critical regulatory roles in cell functions, and are involved in prostate cancer tumorigenesis. miR-20a-5p is a member of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster. Overexpressed miR-20a-5p has been shown to increase both cell proliferation and cell migration in cancers. The aim of our cohort study was to evaluate the prognostic role of miR-20a-5p in prostate cancer. ... -
Recombinant T-cell receptors from HPA-1a specific T-cells
(Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2022-02-01)Fetal- and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia is a condition that can cause hemorrhage and potential brain damage or death in neonates. It is most often a result of maternal alloantibodies specific for fetal Human Platelet antigen 1a (HPA-1a) that destroy fetal platelets. The recognition of the HPA-1a peptide-MHC complex by T-cells involve a peculiar form of T-cell receptor peptide-MHC ... -
Trends in prevalence of ultrasound-assessed carotid atherosclerosis in a general population over time. The Tromsø Study 1994-2016
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2021-11-11)<p><i>Background:</i> During the past decades, there has been a shift in risk factor levels in many high-income countries, with decrease in smoking, blood pressure and cholesterol levels, while body mass index, obesity and diabetes increase. The diverging trends may have opposite effects on prevalence of atherosclerosis. We aimed to assess carotid plaque prevalence and the association with risk ... -
Factors influencing mentors’ satisfaction: A study from medical schools in Norway and Canada
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-01)<p><i>Phenomenon:</i> The mentoring of undergraduate medical students has been shown to benefit the mentors; however, detailed information on the factors that influence the satisfaction and motivation of mentors remains unclear. Such knowledge can be useful in sustaining group mentorship programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences and perspectives of mentors to ascertain the ... -
The creation of long-lived HPA-1a specific T-cell clones
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2016-08-09)Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is a disease where the fetus or newborn experience pathological low levels of blood platelets. This is a potentially fatal condition. Antibodies produced by the mother, crossing the placental barrier, targeting the β3-integrins expressed on fetal platelets, drive the disease. The antibodies are initially produced by B-cells, which are dependent on T-cells ... -
The effect of one-hour hypothermia on long term spatial memory in male Long Evans rats
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2020-11-01)The human body is willing to expend great amount of energy on mechanisms that keep the core temperature within a very small range. When these mechanisms are overwhelmed the body temperature either rises (hyperthermia) or drops (hypothermia). Hypothermia has earlier been used to induce retrograde amnesia (forgetting) and we have in this study examined if hypothermia can affect a robust long-term ... -
Cabin temperature during prehospital patient transport – a prospective observational study from Northern Norway
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-11-01)Background Few studies have investigated the patient compartment temperatures during ambulance missions or its relation to admission hypothermia. Still hypothermia is a known risk factor for increased mortality and morbidity in both trauma and disease. This has special relevance to our sub-arctic region’s pre-hospital services, and we prospectively studied the environmental temperature in the patient ... -
Fibrinogen gamma gene rs2066865 and risk of cancer-related venous thromboembolism
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-10-31)Venous thromboembolism is a frequent complication in patients with cancer. Homozygous carriers of the fibrinogen gamma gene (FGG) rs2066865 have a moderately increased risk of venous thromboembolism, but the effect of the FGG variant in cancer is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of the FGG variant and active cancer on the risk of venous thromboembolism. Cases with incident venous ... -
Early fulminant BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy in two kidney transplant patients with low neutralizing antibody titers receiving allografts from the same donor
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed; Mastergradsoppgave; Master thesis, 2020-01-10)<i>Background</i> - BK Polyomavirus (BKPyV) causes premature graft failure in 1 to 15% of kidney transplant (KT) recipients. High-level BKPyV-viruria and BKPyV-DNAemia precede polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PyVAN), and guide clinical management decisions. In most cases, BKPyV appears to come from the donor kidney, but data from biopsy-proven PyVAN cases are lacking. Here, we report the early ... -
The effect of high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation on bone mineral density in subjects with prediabetes
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-10-30)Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with increased fracture risk and recent studies show crosstalk between bone and glucose metabolism. Few studies have investigated the effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone without additional calcium. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether a high dose of vitamin D3 could improve bone mass density (BMD) in prediabetic subjects. Methods: ... -
Low-grade impairments in cognitive and kidney function in a healthy middle-aged general population: a cross-sectional study
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2019-10-28)Background: Although the relationship between manifest chronic kidney disease and reduced cognitive function is well established, limited data exists on GFR and cognitive function in the general population. Both the brain and kidneys have low-impedance vascular beds, rendering them susceptible to damage from pulsatile blood flow. An association between mildly reduced GFR and cognitive function in ... -
Mapping of Nuclear Export Signals and domains mediating aggregation of NBR1
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-11-02)Autophagy is a conserved catabolic pathway for the lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic components. Autophagy can be both selective and unselective. Selective autophagy receptor proteins are involved in mediating the degradation of specific substrates. Among these receptors we find the evolutionary related proteins p62 and NBR1, which are both involved in autophagic degradation of different ubiquitinated ... -
EEG-based effective connectivity distinguishes between unresponsive states with and without report of conscious experience and correlates with brain complexity
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-11-01)Objective methods for distinguishing conscious from unconscious states in humans are of key importance for clinical evaluation of general anesthesia and patients with disorders or consciousness. Here, we test the generalizability of a DTF-based algorithm - a measure of effective connectivity - as an objective measure of conscious experience during anesthesia and correlate it with a well-tested index ... -
Presence of high-endothelial venules correlates with a favorable immune microenvironment in oral squamous cell carsinoma
(Master thesis; Mastergradsoppgave, 2017-10-31)Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are associated with a poor prognosis, which may be partly due to functional impairment of the immune response. Lymphocyte recruitment to the tumor site is facilitated by high-endothelial venules (HEV), whereas expression of programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) can impair T cell function. Thus, we hypothesize that these factors are important in shaping the immune ...
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