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norskInstitutt for klinisk medisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1281-1300 of 1801
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Antibody-based targeting of alternatively spliced tissue factor: A new approach to impede the primary growth and spread of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)Alternatively spliced Tissue Factor (asTF) is a secreted form of Tissue Factor (TF), the trigger of blood coagulation whose expression levels are heightened in several forms of solid cancer, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). asTF binds to β1 integrins on PDAC cells, whereby it promotes tumor growth, metastatic spread, and monocyte recruitment to the stroma. In this study, we determined ... -
Analysis of the immune microenvironment in resected non-small cell lung cancer: The prognostic value of different T lymphocyte markers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)The prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poor and heterogeneous and new biomarkers are needed. As the immune system plays a pivotal role in cancer, the study of immune-related markers may provide valuable prognostic information of NSCLC. In 122 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples from early-stage NSCLC, tumor and tumor-near stromal areas were microdissected and ... -
Dual inhibition of complement and Toll-like receptors as a novel approach to treat inflammatory diseases-C3 or C5 emerge together with CD14 as promising targets.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-31)The host is protected by pattern recognition systems, including complement and TLRs, which are closely cross-talking. If improperly activated, these systems might induce tissue damage and disease. Inhibition of single downstream proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF, IL-1β, and IL-6, have failed in clinical sepsis trials, which might not be unexpected, given the substantial amounts of mediators ... -
Open discectomy vs microdiscectomy for lumbar disc herniation - a protocol for a pragmatic comparative effectiveness study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-02)Introduction:<br>Since the introduction of lumbar microdiscectomy in the 1970’s, many studies have attempted to compare the effectiveness of this method with that of standard open discectomy with conflicting results. This observational study is designed to compare the relative effectiveness of microdiscectomy (MD) with open discectomy (OD) for treating lumbar disc herniation, -within a large cohort, ... -
LIGHT/TNFSF14 is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and promotes islet cell dysfunction and endothelial cell inflammation in vitro
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-07-15)Aims/hypothesis: Activation of inflammatory pathways is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. On the basis of its role in vascular inflammation and in metabolic disorders, we hypothesised that the TNF superfamily (TNFSF) member 14 (LIGHT/TNFSF14) could be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. <p>Methods: Plasma levels of LIGHT were measured in two cohorts of ... -
Magnetic resonance volumetry: prediction of subjective memory complaints and mild cognitive impairment, and associations with genetic and cardiovascular risk factors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-25)<i>Background/Aims</i>: Subjective memory complaints (SMC) are strong predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subsequent Alzheimer’s disease. Our aims were to see if fully automated cerebral MR volume measurements could distinguish subjects with SMC and MCI from controls, and if probable parental late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype, total plasma homocysteine, ... -
Characterization of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants found in a Norwegian breast or ovarian cancer cohort
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-05)Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 cause hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. Molecular screening of these two genes in patients with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer has revealed pathogenic variants as well as genetic variants of unknown significance (VUS). These VUS may cause a challenge in the genetic counseling process regarding clinical management of the patient and the family. ... -
A longitudinal follow-up of autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-02)<b>Context:</b> Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) is a childhood-onset monogenic disease defined by the presence of two of the three major components: hypoparathyroidism, primary adrenocortical insuffi- ciency, and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). Information on longitudinal follow-up of APS1 is sparse. <b>Objective:</b> To describe the phenotypes of APS1 and correlate the ... -
Survival and symptom relief after palliative radiotherapy for esophageal cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-01)<b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study was to assess the 6-months dysphagia-free survival, improvement in swallowing function, complication rate, and overall survival in patients with incurable esophageal cancer treated with palliative radiotherapy. <b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively reviewed data from 139 patients (median age 72 years) with advanced/recurrent incurable esophageal cancer, who were ... -
Bradykinin-Induced Shock Increase Exhaled Nitric Oxide, Complement Activation and Cytokine Production in Pigs
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-04)Bradykinin is an important mediator in blood pressure regulation, ischemic precondition and capillary leakage, allergy, anaphylaxis, inflammation, and nociception, at least partly via the generation of nitric oxide (NO). Macrophages are particularly abundant in the porcine lung circulation. Upon bradykinin binding macrophages release cytokines and endothelial ... -
Iohexol plasma clearance for measuring glomerular filtration rate in clinical practice and research: a review. Part 2: Why to measure glomerular filtration rate with iohexol?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-09-09)A reliable assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is of paramount importance in clinical practice as well as epidemiological and clinical research settings. It is recommended by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes guidelines in specific populations (anorectic, cirrhotic, obese, renal and non-renal transplant patients) where estimation equations are unreliable. Measured GFR is the ... -
Iohexol plasma clearance for measuring glomerular filtration rate in clinical practice and research: a review. Part 1: How to measure glomerular filtration rate with iohexol?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-23)While there is general agreement on the necessity tomeasure glomerular filtration rate (GFR) inmany clinical situations, there is less agreement on the bestmethod to achieve this purpose.As the gold standardmethod for GFR determination, urinary (or renal) clearance of inulin, fades into the background due to inconvenience and high cost, a diversity of filtrationmarkers and protocols compete to ... -
Associations between Common and Rare Exonic Genetic Variants and Serum Levels of 20 Cardiovascular-Related Proteins: The Tromsø Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-21)Background—Genetic variation can be used to study causal relationships between biomarkers and diseases. Here, we identify new common and rare genetic variants associated with cardiovascular-related protein levels (protein quantitative trait loci [pQTLs]). We functionally annotate these pQTLs, predict and experimentally confirm a novel molecular interaction, and determine which pQTLs are associated ... -
A retrospective comparison of ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis and catheter-directed thrombolysis alone for treatment of proximal deep vein thrombosis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016)Background: Recent studies have suggested that catheterdirected thrombolysis (CDT) reduces development of postthrombotic syndrome (PTS). Ultrasound-assisted CDT (USCDT) might enhance the efficiency of thrombolysis. We aimed to compare USCDT with CDT on efficacy, safety, development of PTS, and quality of life after longterm follow-up. <p>Methods: We describe a retrospective case series of 94 ... -
Effects of Vitamin D binding protein phenotypes and Vitamin D supplementation on serum total 25(OH)D and directly measured free 25(OH)D
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-01-05)Objective:<br>To determine the relationship between serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), directly measured free 25(OH)D and calculated free 25(OH)D with regard to vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) phenotypes, sex, BMI, age and season, and their interrelationship to vitamin D supplementation.<br>Design, patients and interventions:<br>A randomized controlled trial with 20 000 IU of vitamin D3 per ... -
Lack of association between cluster headache and PER3 clock gene polymorphism
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-02-29)Background Cluster headache (CH) is regarded as a chronobiological disorder. The hypothalamic biological clock may thus be involved in the pathophysiology, but few studies have actually investigated this in CH patients. A variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of the PER3 clock gene has been associated to preferred daily rhythm (chronotype) in several studies. We aimed to study the ... -
Mesenchymal stromal cells from human umbilical cords display poor chondrogenic potential in scaffold-free three dimensional cultures
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-27)Many researchers world over are currently investigating the suitability of stromal cells harvested from foetal tissues for allogeneic cell transplantation therapies or for tissue engineering purposes. In this study, we have investigated the chondrogenic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from whole sections of human umbilical cord or mixed cord (UCSCs-MC), and compared them with ... -
Ultrasound in management of rheumatoid arthritis: ARCTIC randomised controlled strategy trial
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-16)Objective: To determine whether a treatment strategy based on structured ultrasound assessment would lead to improved outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis, compared with a conventional strategy. <p>Design: Multicentre, open label, two arm, parallel group, randomised controlled strategy trial. <p>Setting: Ten rheumatology departments and one specialist centre in Norway, from September 2010 to ... -
Dispatch guideline adherence and response interval-a study of emergency medical calls in Norway
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-13)Background:<br> The Emergency Medical Communication Centre (EMCC) operators in Norway report using the Norwegian Index for Medical Emergency Assistance (Index), a criteria-based dispatch guideline, in about 75 % of medical emergency calls. The main purpose of a dispatch guideline is to assist the operator in securing a correct response as quickly as possible. The effect of using the guideline on ... -
The assessment of serum-mediated phagocytosis of necrotic material by polymorphonuclear leukocytes to diagnose and predict the clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus: An observational longitudinal study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-02-10)Background: Serum-mediated phagocytosis of antibody- and complement-opsonized necrotic cell material (NCM) by polymorphonuclear leukocytes can be quantified by using a flow cytometry–based assay. The phagocytosis of necrotic cell material (PNC) assay parallels the well-known lupus erythematosus cell test. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the assay and the relationship ...
