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norskInstitutt for klinisk medisin: Recent submissions
Now showing items 421-440 of 1800
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Combined hormonal contraceptives and vitamin D metabolism in adolescent girls
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-31)Objective: Combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) use has been associated with higher total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. Here, we investigate the relation between CHC use and vitamin D metabolism to elucidate its clinical interpretation. <p>Methods: The cross-sectional Fit Futures 1 included 1038 adolescents. Here, a subgroup of 182 girls with available 25(OH)D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D ... -
Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in hip fracture mortality in Norway, 2014 to 2018 - a linked multiregistry study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-01)<p><i>Aims</i> This study aimed to identify risk factors (patient, healthcare system, and socioeconomic) for mortality after hip fractures and estimate their relative importance. Further, we aimed to elucidate mortality and survival patterns following fractures and the duration of excess mortality. <p><i>Methods</i> Data on 37,394 hip fractures in the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register from January ... -
“It was an important part of my treatment”: a qualitative study of Norwegian breast Cancer patients’ experiences with mainstreamed genetic testing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-05)Background - In South-Eastern Norway, genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 is offered to breast cancer patients by their treating surgeon or oncologist. Genetic counselling from a geneticist or a genetic counsellor is offered only to those who test positive for a pathogenic variant or have a family history of cancer. This practice is termed “mainstreamed genetic testing”. The aim of this study was ... -
Identifying predictive signalling networks for Vedolizumab response in ulcerative colitis.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-11)Background - In ulcerative colitis (UC), the molecular mechanisms that drive disease development and patient response to therapy are not well understood. A significant proportion of patients with UC fail to respond adequately to biologic therapy. Therefore, there is an unmet need for biomarkers that can predict patients’ responsiveness to the available UC therapies as well as ascertain the most ... -
Accuracy and agreement of national spine register data for 474 patients compared to corresponding electronic patient records
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-06)Purpose - Data quality is essential for all types of research, including health registers. However, data quality is rarely reported. We aimed to assess the accuracy of data in a national spine register (NORspine) and its agreement with corresponding data in electronic patient records (EPR).<p> <p>Methods - We compared data in NORspine registry against data in (EPR) for 474 patients operated for ... -
Automated segmentation of magnetic resonance bone marrow signal: a feasibility study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-02)Background - Manual assessment of bone marrow signal is time-consuming and requires meticulous standardisation to secure adequate precision of findings.<p> <p>Objective - We examined the feasibility of using deep learning for automated segmentation of bone marrow signal in children and adolescents.<p> <p>Materials and methods - We selected knee images from 95 whole-body MRI examinations of ... -
Five years of exercise intervention at different intensities and development of white matter hyperintensities in community dwelling older adults, a Generation 100 sub-study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-18)We investigated if a five-year supervised exercise intervention with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus control; physical activity according to national guidelines, attenuated the growth of white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We hypothesized that supervised exercise, in particular HIIT, reduced WMH growth. Older adults from the general ... -
Small- and large-fiber neuropathy after 40 years of type 1 diabetes associations with glycemic control and advanced protein glycation: the Oslo Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-10-15)OBJECTIVE To study large- and small-nerve fiber function in type 1 diabetes of long duration and associations with HbA<sub>1c</sub> and the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) N-ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone.<p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a long-term follow-up study, 27 persons with type 1 diabetes of 40 ± 3 years duration underwent ... -
Tumour-suppressor microRNAs let-7 and mir-101 target the proto-oncogene MYCN and inhibit cell proliferation in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-06-07)BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate expression of many cancer-related genes through posttranscriptional repression of their mRNAs. In this study we investigate the proto-oncogene MYCN as a target for miRNA regulation.<p> <p>METHODS: A luciferase reporter assay was used to investigate software-predicted miRNA target sites in the 30 -untranslated region (30 UTR) of MYCN. The miRNAs were ... -
Implementation of international society guidelines on chorionicity determination in twins: A multi-Center cohort study in mainland China
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-04-02)Objective: Ultrasound determination of chorionicity is poor in early pregnancy in China. In an effort to increase the accuracy rate of prompt chorionicity determination, clinical training was provided to primary care physicians. This study assesses the effects of implementing clinical guidelines on chorionicity determination.<p> <p>Methods: A multi‑centered cohort study was conducted between ... -
Plasma Lipopolysaccharide Is Closely Associated With Glycemic Control and Abdominal Obesity: Evidence from bariatric surgery
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-10-15)OBJECTIVE It is of vital importance to elucidate the triggering factors of obesity and type 2 diabetes to improve patient care. Bariatric surgery has been shown to prevent and even cure diabetes, but the mechanism is unknown. Elevated levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) predict incident diabetes, but the sources of LPS are not clarified. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the ... -
Liver Regeneration in Surgical Animal Models - A Historical Perspective and Clinical Implications
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2010-12-07)Methods/Aims: Despite improved preoperative evaluation, surgical techniques and perioperative intensive care, some patients still experience postoperative liver failure in part due to insufficient regeneration. The aim of this review is to give the reader a historical synopsis of the major trends in animal research on liver regeneration from the early experiments in 1877 up to modern investigation. ... -
Genome-wide signatures of differential DNA methylation in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-09-24)Background: Although aberrant DNA methylation has been observed previously in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the patterns of differential methylation have not been comprehensively determined in all subtypes of ALL on a genome-wide scale. The relationship between DNA methylation, cytogenetic background, drug resistance and relapse in ALL is poorly understood.<p> <p>Results: We surveyed the ... -
Do pre-hospital anaesthesiologists reliably predict mortality using the NACA severity score? A retrospective cohort study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-10-17)Introduction: The National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics’ (NACA) severity score is widely used in pre-hospital emergency medicine to grade the severity of illness or trauma in patient groups but is scarcely validated. The aim of this study was to assess the score’s ability to predict mortality and need for advanced in-hospital interventions in a cohort from one anaesthesiologistmanned helicopter ... -
Serglycin Is a Major Proteoglycan in Polarized Human Endothelial Cells and Is Implicated in the Secretion of the Chemokine GRO alpha/CXCL1
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011-01-28)Proteoglycan (PG) expression was studied in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). RT-PCR analyses showed that the expression of the PG serglycin core protein was much higher than that of the extracellular matrix PG decorin and the cell surface PG syndecan-1. PG biosynthesis was further studied by biosynthetic [<sup>35</sup>S]sulfate labeling of polarized HUVEC. Interestingly, ... -
Dødsfall og personskader ved bruk av ATV og snøscooter i Nord-Norge i 2013–14
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-08)BAKGRUNN Det er tidligere vist høy forekomst av skader og dødsfall i forbindelse med bruk av snøscooter og andre terrengkjøretøy i Nord-Norge. Det finnes ikke tilgjengelig offentlig statistikk der disse funnene kan følges over tid. Målet med studien var å fremskaffe nye prevalenstall for skader og dødsfall etter bruk av snøscooter og andre terrengkjøretøy og å bedømme samsvar mellom ulike datakilder.<p> ... -
Levels of Peripheral Circulating IL-6 and IL-10 Decrease Over Time Despite High Depression Burden in PTSD Patients
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-04-05)Background: Patients with combined depression symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often exhibit high levels of circulating inflammatory biomarkers as either a cause or consequence of their disease. We aimed to investigate how cytokines and depression symptoms develop with one-year follow-up and compare them with non-PTSD patients.<p> <p>Methods: The study had a longitudinal design ... -
Retinal vascular calibre and response to light exposure and serial imaging
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013-07-04)Purpose: To investigate whether retinal vessel calibre measurements on optical retinal photography are affected by light and dark exposure prior to photography and whether the vessel calibre changes during an imaging sequence of several images. <p>Methods: Digital optical retinal photographs were obtained from 32 healthy adults in two separate image sequences of six images during 1 min; one ... -
Changes in the secretory profile of NSCLC-associated fibroblasts after ablative radiotherapy: Potential impact on angiogenesis and tumor growth
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2014-03-05)In the context of radiotherapy, collateral effects of ablative ionizing radiation (AIR) on stromal components of tumors remains understudied. In this work, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) isolated from freshly resected human lung tumors were exposed to AIR (1x18Gy) and analyzed for their release of paracrine factors. Inflammatory mediators and regulators of angiogenesis and tumor growth were ... -
Palliative non-small cell lung cancer treatment and end-of-life care stratified by sex and childlessness: an important interplay in unmarried patients?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-22)Purpose To analyze the interplay of sex and presence of children in unmarried patients with non-small cell lung cancer, because previous studies suggested sex-related disparities. Adult children may participate in treatment decisions and provision of social support or home care.<p> <p>Methods Retrospective single-institution analysis of 186 unmarried deceased patients, managed according to ...
