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norskInstitutt for klinisk medisin: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 1221-1240 av 1800
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Using anchors from free text in electronic health records to diagnose postoperative delirium
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-19)Objectives:<br> Postoperative delirium is a common complication after major surgery among the elderly. Despite its potentially serious consequences, the complication often goes undetected and undiagnosed. In order to provide diagnosis support one could potentially exploit the information hidden in free text documents from electronic health records usin ... -
Combining multivariate statistics and the think-aloud protocol to assess Human-Computer Interaction barriers in symptom checkers
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-09)Symptom checkers are software tools that allow users to submit a set of symptoms and receive advice related to them in the form of a diagnosis list, health information or triage. The heterogeneity of their potential users and the number of different components in their user interfaces can make testing with end-users unaffordable. We designed and executed a two-phase method to test the respiratory ... -
Tumour size reduction after the first chemotherapy-course and outcomes of chemoradiotherapy in limited disease small-cell lung cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-10-15)Objectives: <br> Concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) is recommended for limited disease small-cell lung cancer (LD SCLC). TRT should start as early as possible, often meaning with the second course due to patient referral time and the fact that TRT planning takes time. Early assessment of response to the first course of chemotherapy may be a useful way to individualise treatment. ... -
The All-Age Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Potential Transmission Routes. A Population-Based Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-12)Background and aims: Previous research on H. pylori epidemiology has mostly focused on adult populations. We have aimed to study H. pylori prevalence in all age groups including children and adolescents and to identify potential routes of transmission. Methods: Subjects from all age groups (children 0–11 years, adolescents 12–17 years and adults ≥18 years of age), recruited from both an urban ... -
Transcriptomic Landscape of Treatment-Naïve Ulcerative Colitis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-10)Background and Aims: Ulcerative colitis [UC] is a chronic inflammatory disease that effects the gastrointestinal tract and is considered one of the most prominent and common forms of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. This study aimed to define and describe the entire transcriptomic landscape in a well-stratified, treatment-naïve UC patient population compared ... -
Expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL)-3, is independently associated with biochemical failure, clinical failure and death in prostate cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-30)Background: Prostate cancer (PC) stratification needs new prognostic tools to reduce overtreatment. Phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL-3) is a phosphatase found at high levels in several cancer types, where its expression is associated with survival. A recent PC cell line study has shown it to be involved in PC growth and migration. <br>Methods: We used a monoclonal antibody to evaluate ... -
Increased cortical porosity and reduced cortical thickness of the proximal femur are associated with nonvertebral fracture independent of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool and Garvan estimates in postmenopausal women
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-25)The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) and Garvan Calculator have improved the individual prediction of fracture risk. However, additional bone measurements that might enhance the predictive ability of these tools are the subject of research. There is increasing interest in cortical parameters, especially cortical porosity. Neither FRAX nor Garvan include measurements of cortical architecture, ... -
Hypoxia and hypotension in patients intubated by physician staffed helicopter emergency medical services - a prospective observational multi-centre study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-11)The effective treatment of airway compromise in trauma and non-trauma patients is important. Hypoxia and hypotension are predictors of negative patient outcomes and increased mortality, and may be important quality indicators of care provided by emergency medical services. Excluding cardiac arrests, critical trauma and non-trauma patients remain the two major groups to which helicopter emergency ... -
Pembrolizumab as second-line therapy in non-small cell lung cancer in northern Norway: budget impact and expected gain—a model-based analysis
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-29)1 Norum J, et al . ESMO Open 2017; 2 :e000222. doi:10.1136/esmoopen-2017-000222 Open Access Abstr A ct Background P embrolizumab is a new drug approved in several countries for second-line therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1) positive. This drug has a high cost, and the cost- effectiveness ratio has been debated. Patients ... -
Treatment of acute myocardial infarction in the sub-arctic region of Norway. Do we offer an equal quality of care?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-26)Patients, relatives, healthcare workers and administrators are concerned about the quality of care offered. We aimed to explore the treatment of acute myocatrdial infarction (AMI) in Northern Norway, compare it with the national figures, and document whether there is an equal quality of care or not. The retrospective study included data on patients' treatment for AMI. The following sources were ... -
Uric acid predicts mortality and ischaemic stroke in subjects with diastolic dysfunction: the Tromsø Study 1994-2013
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-31)Aims: To investigate whether serum uric acid predicts adverse outcomes in persons with indices of diastolic dysfunction in a general population. <br>Methods and results: We performed a prospective cohort study among 1460 women and 1480 men from 1994 to 2013. End- points were all-cause mortality, incident myocardial infarction, and incident ischaemic stroke. We strati fi ed the analyses ... -
Knowledge about preventive dentistry versus self-reported competence in providing preventive oral healthcare – a study among Nepalese dentists
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-12)Background: Dentists ’ and dental healthcare providers ’ professional knowledge and attitude towards the prevention of oral diseases may have an impact on the oral health of the general population. The aim of this study was to describe Nepalese dentists ’ competency in giving preventive education and treatment to their patients, and to assess their level of knowledge about preventive dental ... -
Randomized phase II trial comparing twice daily hyperfractionated with once daily hypofractionated thoracic radiotherapy in limited disease small cell lung cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-10-23)<br>BACKGROUND: <br> Concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) is recommended for limited disease small cell lung cancer (LD SCLC). Twice daily TRT is well documented, but not universally implemented - probably mainly due to inconvenience and concerns about toxicity. A schedule of three-week hypofractionated TRT is a commonly used alternative. This is the first randomized trial ... -
Coagulase-negative staphylococci in southern brazil: Looking toward its high diversity
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-05)Introduction: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most prevalent pathogens in nosocomial infections and may serve as a reservoir of mobile genetic elements such as the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) encoding methicillin resistance. Molecular characterization of SCCmec types combined with advanced molecular typing techniques may provide essential information for ... -
Dissection of the internal carotid artery and stroke after mandibular fractures: a case report and review of the literature
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-02)Background: We present a report of a patient with blunt trauma and mandibular fractures who developed a significant cerebral infarction due to an initially unrecognized injury of her left internal carotid artery. We believe that increased knowledge of this association will facilitate early recognition and hence prevention of a devastating outcome. <br>Case presentation: A 41-year-old ethnic ... -
Geographical accessibility and duration of untreated psychosis: Distance as a determinant of treatment delay
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-10)Background: The duration of untreated psychosis is determined by both patient and service related factors. Few studies have considered the geographical accessibility of services in relation to treatment delay in early psychosis. To address this, we investigated whether treatment delay is co-determined by straight-line distance to hospital based specialist services in a mainly rural mental health ... -
Clinical validation of a new “call-out algorithm” for postoperative pain management: a two-center prospective randomized trial
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2017-05-06)The goal of modern postoperative pain management is to relieve pain while keeping side effects to a minimum. Still, in recent investigations, between 20% and 40% of all postoperative patients report high levels of pain after surgery, while 20-30% experience adverse effects of opioid analgetics [1,2]. In a study, in which the hospitals had introduced pain management guided by the patients' own ... -
Effects of morphine or ketamine in rats with asphyxial cardiac arrest: a pilot study
(Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2017-05-06)Acute hypoxia results in uncontrolled release of glutamate and the consequent stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which affects the whole ionic homeostasis and finally activates apoptosis of neurons. A potential therapeutic approach to prevent this sequence of events is a blockade of NMDA receptors. Meanwhile, in different models of acute hypoxia, activation of delta-opioid ... -
Fine-mapping the MHC locus in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) reveals genetic heterogeneity corresponding to distinct adult inflammatory arthritic diseases
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-20)Objectives: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( JIA) is a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising seven categories. Genetic data could potentially be used to help redefine JIA categories and improve the current classification system. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region is strongly associated with JIA. Fine-mapping of the region was performed to look for similarities and differences in ... -
Incidence and predictors of Uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a Nordic long-term cohort study.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-18)Background: The incidence of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) varies around the world. Our aim was to investigate the incidence and predictors of uveitis in a Nordic population-based cohort. <br>Methods: Consecutive JIA cases from defined geographical areas in Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway with disease onset between January 1997 to June 2000 were followed for ...
