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norskInstitutt for klinisk medisin: Nye registreringer
Viser treff 1161-1180 av 1800
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Neuropsychological functioning in a national cohort of severe traumatic brain injury: demographic and acute injury-related predictors
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015)Objectives: To determine the rates of cognitive impairment 1 year after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to examine the influence of demographic, injury severity, rehabilitation, and subacute functional outcomes on cognitive outcomes 1 year after severe TBI.<p> Setting: National multicenter cohort study over 2 years.<p> Participants: Patients (N = 105), aged 16 years or older, with ... -
Preserving the legacy of reirradiation: A narrative review of historical publications
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-02-21)The purpose of this study is to illustrate the historical development of reirradiation during several decades of the 20th century, in particular between 1920 and 1960. <br> <br> Methods and materials: We chose the format of a narrative review because the historical articles are heterogeneous. No systematic extraction of baseline data, treatment details, or follow-up care was possible in many ... -
Complement factor 5 blockade reduces porcine myocardial infarction size and improves immediate cardiac function
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-03)Inhibition of complement factor 5 (C5) reduced myocardial infarction in animal studies, while no benefit was found in clinical studies. Due to lack of cross-reactivity of clinically used C5 antibodies, different inhibitors were used in animal and clinical studies. Coversin (Ornithodoros moubata complement inhibitor, OmCI) blocks C5 cleavage and binds leukotriene B4 in humans and pigs. We hypothesized ... -
A survey of national and multi-national registries and cohort studies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: challenges and opportunities
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-19)Background: To characterize the existing national and multi-national registries and cohort studies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and identify differences as well as areas of potential future collaboration. <br> <br> Methods: We surveyed investigators from North America, Europe, and Australia about existing JIA cohort studies and registries. We excluded cross-sectional studies. We captured ... -
Epidermal growth factor receptor signaling enhances the proinflammatory effects of staphylococcus aureus gamma-toxin on the mucosa
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-28)Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) produces many different exotoxins including the gamma-toxins, HlgAB and HlgCB. Gamma-toxins form pores in both leukocyte and erythrocyte membranes, resulting in cell lysis. The genes encoding gamma-toxins are present in most strains of S. aureus, and are commonly expressed in clinical isolates recovered from menstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome (mTSS) patients. This study ... -
Tissue analyses reveal a potential immune-adjuvant function of FAP-1 positive fibroblasts in non-small cell lung cancer
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-07)Objectives: <br> Selective targeting of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has been proposed to synergize with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. While the roles of CAFs in cancer development are well described, their immune-regulatory properties remain incompletely understood. This study investigates correlations between CAF and immune-markers in tumor stroma from nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ... -
Involuntary admission in Norwegian adult psychiatric hospitals: A systematic review
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-03-22)Background: It is an important objective of the psychiatric services to keep the use of involuntary procedures to a minimum, as the use of coercion involves clinical, ethical, and legal issues. It has been claimed that Norway has a relatively high rate of involuntary admissions. We reviewed the peer-reviewed literature on the use of involuntary admission in Norway, with the purpose of identifying ... -
Fat in the multifidus muscles - predictive value and change following disc prosthesis surgery and multidisciplinary rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain and degenerative disc disease: 2 year follow-up of a randomized trial.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-14)Background: Evidence is lacking on whether fat infiltration in the multifidus muscles affects outcomes after total disc replacement (TDR) surgery and if it develops after surgery. The aims of this study were 1) to investigate whether pre-treatment multifidus muscle fat infiltration predicts outcome 2 years after treatment with TDR surgery or multidisciplinary rehabilitation, and 2) to compare changes ... -
Leptin and adiponectin as predictors of cardiovascular risk after gestational diabetes mellitus
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-10)Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life, but the mechanism remains unclear. Adipokine imbalance in the presence of metabolic dysfunction may be a key event in promoting CVD. The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between GDM, cardiovascular risk, and plasma adiponectin, leptin and the leptin/adiponectin ... -
Responsibilities with conflicting priorities: A qualitative study of ACT providers’ experiences with community treatment orders
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-18)<p><i>Background - </i>Patients with severe mental illness may be subjected to Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) in order to secure that the patients adhere to treatment. Few studies have investigated the use of CTOs within an Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) setting, and little is known about how the tension between the patients’ autonomy and the clinicians’ responsibility to act in the patients’ ... -
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-10)Background: <br> Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. <br>Methods: <br> ... -
Antibiotic treatment In patients with chronic low back pain and Modic changes (the AIM study): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-15)Background: <br>A previous randomised controlled trial (RCT) of patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) and vertebral bone marrow (Modic) changes (MCs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), reported that a 3-month, high-dose course of antibiotics had a better effect than placebo at 12 months’ follow-up. The present study examines the effects of antibiotic treatment in chronic LBP patients with ... -
Short survival time after palliative whole brain radiotherapy: Can we predict potential overtreatment by use of a nomogram?
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-01)Background:<br> Many patients with brain metastases undergoing whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) have very limited survival. The purpose of this study was to validate a nomogram derived from a large American database and to examine its ability to better predict short survival (cut -off 2 months) than previous models. <br>Material and Methods: <br> This retrospective study included 254 European patients ... -
Blood pressure target achievement and antihypertensive medication use in women and men after first-ever myocardial infarction: the Tromsø Study 1994-2016
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-01-03)Background: <br> Recurrent cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction (MI) are frequent, and gender differences in blood pressure treatment have been reported. Despite increased focus on secondary prevention, recent reports indicate that treatment targets are not achieved. There is a need for gender-specific analyses of post-MI blood pressure treatment target achievement and ... -
Living with dead spaces: Closing complex posterior midline defects with midline-based perforator flaps
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-01) -
The marriage of sartorius and tensor fasciae latae in treating vascular prosthetic graft infections
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-20)Background: <br> Vascular prosthetic graft infection in the groin is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This article presents a case series on the use of 2 flaps in the treatment of this condition. <br>Methods:<br> Five patients, mean age 65 years (range, 49–74 years), with significant comorbidity were treated for an exposed and infected vascular prosthetic graft in the groin with a ... -
Acute infection as a trigger for incident venous thromboembolism: Results from a population- based case- crossover study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-21)Background:<br> A bidirectional relation exists between acute infection and immobilization, and both are triggers for venous thromboembolism (VTE). To what extent the association between infection and VTE‐risk is explained by immobilization is unknown. <br>Aims:<br> To investigate the impact of hospitalization with acute infection on the VTE‐risk in patients with and without concomitant ... -
Complement in clinical medicine: Clinical trials, case reports and therapy monitoring
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-05-31)Research during past decades made it evident that complement is involved in more tasks than fighting infections, but has important roles in other immune surveillance and housekeeping functions. If the balance between complement activation and regulation is out of tune, however, complement can quickly turn against the host and contribute to adverse processes that result in various clinical conditions. ... -
Bariatric surgery reduces fasting total fatty acids and increases n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in morbidly obese individuals
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-25)Background: <br> Obesity is a global pandemic leading to increased mortality and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Bariatric surgery is an established treatment of obesity leading to weight loss and reduction of mortality. To further elucidate how bariatric surgery improves metabolic control, we explored the fatty acid (FA) profiles in morbidly obese subjects treated with lifestyle ... -
Concurrent adversities and deliberate self-harm among indigenous Sami and majority Norwegian adolescents: the Norwegian Arctic Adolescent Health Study
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-12-13)Background: <br> Few studies have investigated proximal relationships between deliberate self-harm (DSH) and concurrent adversities.<br> Objective:<br> We aimed to investigate these relationships in a community population of 4881 indigenous Sami and majority Norwegian adolescents, 15 to 16 years old, and related to ethnicity and gender. <br>Methods: <br>Youth with and without self-reports of DSH ...
